The Ministry of Education issued the ＂Guide for Life Safety and Health Education into Curriculum Textbooks for Primary and Secondary Schools＂

　　According to the website of the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Education issued the "Guide to Teaching Materials for Life Safety and Health Education in Primary and Secondary Schools".

　　Guide to life safety and health education into primary and secondary school curriculum materials

　　In order to implement the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on education, hygiene and health, implement the "Healthy China 2030" Planning Outline, and give full play to the important role of primary and secondary school curriculum materials in life safety and health education, this guide is formulated.

　　I. Significance

　　Life safety and health are the basic needs and eternal pursuit of human survival and development. The rights to life, body and health are the rights of every citizen.

　　Good school life safety and health education helps students to establish a correct outlook on life, health and safety, develop healthy and civilized behavior habits and lifestyles, consciously adopt and maintain healthy behaviors, and lay a solid foundation for lifelong health.

　　Integrating life safety and health education into primary and secondary school curriculum materials is an important measure to realize the serialization, normalization and long-term effect of life safety and health education, and it is of great significance to cultivate socialist builders and successors with all-round development in morality, intelligence, body, beauty and labor.

　　Second, the basic principles

　　(A) adhere to the "life first, health first" concept.

　　Focusing on the healthy growth and lifelong health of students, covering the fields of physical, psychological and social adaptation, paying attention to the natural and social environmental factors that affect growth and development, helping students to establish the concept of caring for and loving life, forming health awareness, developing a healthy lifestyle and improving health literacy.

　　(B) enhance the "safety-oriented" awareness and ability

　　Based on the daily life situation, covering home, campus and other public places, paying attention to cyberspace, guiding students to learn to scientifically respond to natural disasters, accidents and social crises, enhancing awareness of disaster prevention and mitigation, improving self-help and other rescue skills such as danger prediction, emergency avoidance, survival and escape, cultivating emergency rescue ability, and improving awareness and ability to prevent network telecom fraud.

　　Fully consider the physical and mental development characteristics and cognitive level of students of different ages, systematically design the educational objectives and contents, and spread them out in an orderly manner in the three stages of primary school, junior high school and senior high school, showing the characteristics of gradual and spiral rise in general.

　　(D) Pay attention to organic integration into disciplines.

　　According to the characteristics of the subject, with the core literacy as the guide, the relevant contents of life safety and health education are selected as the teaching materials, which are organically integrated into the subject education, paying attention to interest, interaction, experience and generation, and improving the effectiveness of education.

　　Third, the overall goal

　　Strive to make life safety and health education into textbooks, classrooms and students’ minds. The layout of the textbooks in primary and secondary schools is more systematic and scientific, and the content is more targeted, appropriate and practical. The educational function of the course textbooks has been significantly improved in effectively enhancing students’ awareness of "life first, health first", improving their psychological and social abilities and developing healthy behaviors, laying a solid foundation for students’ healthy growth, lifelong development and the improvement of the health literacy of the whole people.

　　Iv. main contents

　　The content of life safety and health education mainly involves 30 core points in 5 fields, as shown in Figure 1.

　　(A) Area 1 Health Behavior and Lifestyle

　　Many diseases are often caused by long-term bad lifestyles. Among the social environmental factors related to health, "healthy behavior and lifestyle" has the strongest plasticity. Students should be educated to understand the influence of daily behaviors and lifestyles on health from an early age, learn to correctly understand health information, consciously adopt healthy behaviors, pay attention to developing good living habits, and form a healthy lifestyle.

　　The key points in this field include: understanding health; Personal hygiene and health care; Health problems and disease prevention and control; Eye health; Otolaryngology health; Physical health; Fitness exercise and sports; Healthy work and rest; Reasonable diet; Public environmental sanitation; Pay attention to health information.

　　(B) Field 2 Growth and development and adolescent health care

　　Adolescence is a vigorous growth and development period, an important period for individuals to gradually transition from childhood to adulthood, and also a key period for preventing adult diseases (chronic non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension and malignant tumors). According to the law of physical and mental development and the changing characteristics in this period, it is very important to constantly adjust the behavior and living habits and adapt to the changes of oneself and the learning and living environment for healthy growth and lifelong health. Students should be educated to understand the basic knowledge and skills of growth and adolescent health care, learn to protect themselves, and reduce health risk behaviors and their harm.

　　Key points in this field include: growth and development; Adolescent psychology; Adolescent sexual health; Prevention of sexual assault; Cherish life.

　　Individual mental health is related to family happiness and social harmony. Childhood and adolescence is a critical period to cultivate positive psychological quality. Students should be guided to learn mental health knowledge, enhance their social adaptability, maintain a positive psychological state, understand and master the main methods and ways to solve psychological problems, enhance their awareness of actively seeking help, actively resolve problems, enhance their ability to resist setbacks, and enhance their happiness.

　　The core points in this field include: socialization and social adaptation; Emotion and behavior regulation; Psychological problems and aid support.

　　(D) Field 4 Prevention of infectious diseases and response to public health emergencies

　　Children and adolescents are often susceptible to traditional infectious diseases and emerging infectious diseases. Under the school collective life style, students have frequent contact with each other, and the risk of infectious diseases is high, which is easy to cause public health emergencies. Students should be guided to master the knowledge and skills of infectious disease prevention and control, understand China’s public health system and the response mechanism of public health emergencies, establish public health awareness, and improve the ability of infectious disease prevention.

　　The core points in this field include: basic knowledge of infectious diseases; Common infectious diseases and prevention and control measures; The impact of infectious diseases on society; Port public health; Response to public health emergencies.

　　(V) Field 5 Safety Emergency and Avoidance

　　Injuries and threats of violence are the main factors that affect the life safety and health of children and adolescents. Among them, drowning and traffic injuries (road traffic accidents) are common and important causes of accidental injuries and deaths of students, and school bullying and online telecom fraud involving students occur from time to time. Children and adolescents should be guided to enhance their awareness of safety protection, learn to prevent and avoid dangers, master emergency common sense and first aid skills, improve their information literacy, and enhance their awareness and ability to distinguish network information.

　　The core points in this field include: emergency common sense and first aid skills; Drug safety; Social security; Campus safety; Experiment and practice safety and occupational health; Network and information security.

　　The five fields are relatively independent, self-contained and interactive, and their internal logic is shown in Figure 2.

　　Fifth, the requirements of the school period

　　(1) Primary school stage

　　Through the introduction of basic knowledge, specific skills training and personal hygiene habits, guide students to:

　　1. Understand health and its influencing factors, and know the basic knowledge of preventing common health problems and diseases; Understand the relationship between personal daily behavior and lifestyle and health, form the habit of caring for eyes, prevent myopia, regularly monitor weight and prevent overweight; Develop the habit of regular work and rest and civilized hygiene, ensure adequate sleep, and safeguard your own health and public sanitation.

　　2. Understand the knowledge of life and growth and development; Preliminary study of adolescent development, mental health and related health care knowledge and skills; Establish a sense of cherishing life and learn to protect yourself.

　　3. Know yourself, accept yourself, develop polite and friendly communication quality, and learn to communicate with parents and teachers; Establish awareness of discipline, rules and time management, and arrange learning activities correctly; Scientific and rational use of electronic equipment, strict control of online time.

　　4. Understand the basic knowledge of pathogenic microorganisms, get a preliminary understanding of common infectious diseases and preventive measures, master personal epidemic prevention and protection skills, and be able to cooperate with vaccination; Be able to understand the impact of infectious diseases and understand the social control measures and personal behavior requirements of public health emergencies.

　　5. Master the basic skills of self-protection, help, avoidance and escape; Have a preliminary knowledge of first aid, and be able to make emergency calls and alarm calls in case of emergency; Establish social security awareness such as anti-abduction, identify school bullying and campus violence and ask for help; Be able to obtain accurate information about major events through regular websites and authoritative media, and don’t believe in rumors or spread them.

　　(2) Junior high school stage

　　Pay attention to explain the principle and mechanism, deepen students’ understanding, strengthen the initiative and consciousness of developing healthy behavior, and guide students:

　　1. Learn to analyze and evaluate health influencing factors, actively practice healthy behaviors and lifestyles, ensure eye health, prevent myopia, reasonably plan time to ensure sleep, and refuse behaviors that are harmful to health such as smoking, drinking, and using drugs; Systematically understand and actively prevent common diseases among children and adolescents, and take practical actions to protect their own health; Recognize the concept of "harmonious coexistence between man and nature" and protect public environmental sanitation.

　　2. Understand the main laws and influencing factors of growth and development, and correctly evaluate the growth and development situation; Learn the basic knowledge and skills of adolescent health care and improve the ability to prevent sexual harassment and sexual assault; Actively deal with adolescent mental health problems and learn to treat setbacks correctly.

　　3. Learn to know and treat yourself objectively, and learn to appreciate and tolerate others; Be prepared to enter high school for study or employment; Improve the ability of emotional management, learn to decompress and relax, learn to overcome anxiety, improve the ability to cope with setbacks, and take the initiative to ask for help.

　　4 know common infectious diseases and prevention and control measures, understand the significance of vaccination and immunization planning, and master personal epidemic prevention and protection skills; Understand the route of transmission of AIDS and preventive measures; Understand the prevention and control of infectious diseases at ports; Improve the awareness of emergency preparedness and protection ability of public health emergencies.

　　5. Cultivate safety responsibility awareness, learn first aid knowledge, master relevant skills, and improve the ability to prevent and respond to natural disasters, accidents and other emergencies; Understand the basic knowledge of safe drug use and prevent drug misuse and abuse; Understand the safety precautions in experiments and labor practice to prevent campus safety accidents; Enhance the awareness and ability to distinguish network information and prevent network telecom fraud.

　　(3) High school stage

　　Mainly emphasize students’ sense of responsibility and significance in life, as well as the ability to find problems and actively solve problems, and guide students to:

　　1. Deeply understand the mechanism of harmful effects of tobacco, alcohol and drugs on health, create a smoke-free environment and stay away from alcohol and drugs (including new drugs); Understand the knowledge of prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases; Adhere to conscious and regular physical exercise, use your eyes scientifically, work and rest healthily, eat reasonably and maintain a healthy weight; Pay attention to health information and strengthen public health awareness.

　　2. Deeply understand the meaning and value of a healthy life, understand the changing law of the growth rate, and agree that a healthy and natural posture is beautiful; Understanding the relationship between sex, love and marriage, and understanding the knowledge and laws and regulations related to marriage and childbirth can effectively prevent and deal with sexual harassment and sexual assault.

　　3. Understand the relationship between social interaction and mental health, and improve healthy heterosexual communication ability; Adapt to high school life, learn to correctly deal with school bullying and campus violence, and be prepared to enter colleges and universities for study or employment; Correctly understand and treat bad childhood experiences and grow up healthily; Understand the relationship between competition and cooperation, and learn fair competition and unity and cooperation; Can identify and prevent psychological problems such as anxiety and depression.

　　4. Knowing the basic knowledge of infectious diseases and prevention and control measures can identify dangerous behaviors that may be infected with HIV, improve prevention ability, and analyze the impact of infectious diseases on social, economic and technological development; Understand the national biosafety inspection mechanism and the prevention and control of harmful chemical and biological factors at modern ports; Knowing the public health system, corresponding policies and major laws and regulations related to the prevention and control of infectious diseases in China can explain the main process, key practices and significance of epidemic prevention and control in China by taking the prevention and control of epidemic situation in novel coronavirus as an example.

　　5. Further master the knowledge and skills of emergency rescue and understand the safety mechanism of drug use; Abide by the safety principles of experimental and internship sites and strengthen social safety awareness; Prevent campus safety accidents and create a campus safety atmosphere; Abide by national laws and regulations related to network security, and further enhance the ability to prevent network telecom fraud.

　　VI. Organizing implementation

　　(A) to strengthen professional support

　　Set up a guidance group with experts in life safety and health education as the mainstay, strengthen overall planning and guidance, and ensure the accuracy and systematicness of the teaching materials of life safety and health education. Entrust professional institutions to develop digital resources around the core points in various fields of life safety and health education for teaching implementation.

　　(2) Strengthen special training

　　Organize special training for the writing and review team, strengthen the review and check on the implementation of life safety and health education in the teaching materials of various disciplines, and ensure that we should make progress and fall into place.

　　(3) Strengthening the implementation of disciplines

　　Adhere to the core literacy orientation, combined with the characteristics of the discipline, focus on the implementation of physical education and health, organically integrate into other related disciplines, clarify the specific objectives and contents of life safety and health education in various disciplines and periods, focus on practical experience in teaching implementation, and organize activities such as experimental inquiry, situational experience, virtual simulation, on-site teaching and drills to ensure effective implementation.

　　(D) Strengthen scientific evaluation

　　To scientifically determine the evaluation focus, we should not only evaluate students’ health cognition level, but also pay attention to students’ healthy behavior and habit formation, as well as the influence on others’ healthy behavior. Take multiple evaluation methods, pay attention to the students’ learning process and behavior performance observation records. Use the evaluation results effectively, and play the role of diagnosis promotion, reflection and improvement of evaluation.