Recently, hundreds of residents in a residential area in Yuci District, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province have concentrated symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea. The local health and sports bureau reported that some patients in the community had detected norovirus type II.

　　October to March is the high season of norovirus infection. Recently, many hospitals in China have also received some patients with vomiting and diarrhea in outpatient and emergency departments, and were diagnosed with norovirus infection.

　　Infected with norovirus, what are the symptoms?

　　Norovirus belongs to calicivirus family, which is one of the common pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis. It has the characteristics of low infection dose, long detoxification time and strong external environmental resistance. The whole population is generally susceptible, and it is easy to cause outbreaks and epidemics in schools, kindergartens, nursing homes and other crowd gathering places. Because its high incidence time is mostly in winter and spring, it has obvious seasonality, and people often call it "winter vomiting disease".

　　Norovirus has a short incubation period, usually 24-48 hours. The main symptoms after infection are nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other acute gastroenteritis symptoms, and some patients will have headache, chills and muscle aches. Children often vomit after being infected with norovirus, which may cause dehydration symptoms; Adults have diarrhea, and the feces are watery or watery.

　　In addition, norovirus spreads in various ways. It is often transmitted through respiratory tract, digestive tract and contact, such as eating food contaminated by norovirus, patient’s feces or vomit, inhaling aerosol generated by vomit, or contaminated object surface.

　　Without specific medicine, how to prevent and treat it?

　　Norovirus gastroenteritis is an acute viral infectious disease with self-limitation, and there is no specific antiviral drug at present, so symptomatic treatment is mainly adopted for this kind of disease.

　　Most patients have mild symptoms after onset, generally lasting for 2-3 days, and no treatment is needed. In severe cases, mild and moderate dehydration symptoms can be supplemented with water and electrolyte consumed by vomiting and diarrhea through oral sugar saline or oral rehydration salt. For infants, the elderly, especially those with basic diseases, if they have serious symptoms such as dehydration and persistent high fever due to frequent vomiting or diarrhea, they should seek medical treatment in time.

　　The key to norovirus infection is to prevent it. In the period of high incidence of norovirus infection, we should try to reduce going out, pay attention to hand hygiene, thoroughly wash our hands before and after meals, steam food before eating, and do not drink raw water; At the same time, strengthen exercise and improve your immunity; Do a good job in environmental cleaning and disinfection, and use chlorine-containing disinfectants to clean and spray pollutants and polluted places, and regularly open windows for ventilation; In addition, after being infected with norovirus, patients should rest at home until 3 days after recovery before going to school or working to avoid infecting others.

　　Transfer from | China News Network

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader accurately summed up the advanced deeds of Comrade Huang Danian with the words "having a big ego, serving the country sincerely, teaching and educating people, being the first, being indifferent to fame and fortune, and being willing to contribute". The important instructions of the General Secretary are rich in connotation, profound in thought and sincere, which is not only a high conciseness of Huang Danian’s spirit, but also a high expectation for all our educators; It not only adds a strong impetus for teachers and students to consciously shoulder the mission of the new era, but also clarifies the direction of efforts and provides basic follow-up for us to correctly grasp the law of talent training.

It is one of the important tasks for universities in China in the new era to run through the whole process, all-round and all-staff of university education and teaching, to promote the ideological and political courses and the courses’ ideological and political work together and complement each other, and to build a big pattern of educating people. It has always been a fine tradition of education in our country to "educate people" before "cultivate morality", and to pay attention to the organic unity of preaching, teaching and solving doubts and educating people and educating talents. As a teacher in the new era, we should persist in establishing ourselves, learning and teaching with morality, pay attention to strengthening the education of students’ world outlook, outlook on life and values, inherit and innovate the excellent Chinese traditional culture, and actively guide modern students to establish a correct view of the country, nationality, history and culture, so as to cultivate more talents with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor for the society and train qualified builders and reliable successors for the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Establish oneself by virtue,The teacher ispersonnel trainingofkey

"Learning to be a teacher is highly respected." An excellent teacher should not only have a wealth of knowledge, but also have a good ethics, so that the students he teaches can not only improve their professional knowledge, but also learn how to be a capitalized person from the teacher’s teaching.

Comrade Huang Danian is an outstanding representative of the geoscience teachers in Jida University, from whom we can learn many valuable qualities as teachers. Among the geoscience teachers, the geological spirit of "three glories" and "four specialities" is passed down from generation to generation. Be proud of dedicating yourself to the geological cause, being proud of hard work, and being proud of making contributions to prospecting; "Especially hard-working, especially patient, especially fighting, especially dedicated." The wheel of history is rolling forward, and the torrent of the times is vast. Only the feelings of learning will be passed down forever and last forever. Do not forget your initiative mind, a countless geologist, is willing to be a small "screw", only to push forward the geological cause of China, and only to strive for the prosperity of the country and the happiness of the people.

Teachers are different from other professions, and they are "gardeners" who cultivate and shape people. Teachers’ words and deeds will have an impact on students, even for life. I think university teachers should have the following three "certificates": one is the certificate of educational concept and professional quality. Teachers’ educational concept and professional quality are two dominant aspects that restrict the behavior and quality of class. Idea is the forerunner of behavior, and behavior is the embodiment of idea. Educational concept directly affects teachers’ educational behavior, moral behavior and teaching attitude, and educational concept is the soul of teachers’ professional ethics. In the new era, teachers are required to set up a new concept of education, development and students. The second is the certificate of scientific research ability and literacy. Now is the information age, the classroom boundary is vague, or there is no boundary in the classroom. Classroom education has higher and higher requirements for teachers’ comprehensive quality and knowledge reserve. We used to say that if we want to give students a glass of water, we must have a bucket of water. I think this is far from enough. You should not only have a bucket of water, but also become a stream, a stream with endless running water. The third is the certificate of controlling classroom ability. To do a good job in classroom teaching, preparing lessons is the premise; To prepare for the class well, I think we should: fully control the teaching content and target teaching; Form reasonable teaching methods and learning methods to improve teaching quality; To combine modern teaching means with traditional teaching mode; Use good education and teaching language to improve classroom control ability; Understand students’ psychology, highlight personality cultivation, effectively improve classroom quality and activate classroom atmosphere.

Learning by virtue,Talent cultivation is a process.

The cultivation of talents should conform to the growth law of talents, and it is necessary to moisten things quietly, such as salt into water, and adjust them properly, which cannot be achieved overnight. The process of studying and living in university for four years is also the process of the formation and maturity of students’ outlook on life and world, which needs scientific guidance and guidance to form a positive energy, positive and correct world outlook, so the course of ideological and political education is very important and necessary. Through objective guidance, perfect education and comprehensive training, students should consciously develop the concept of independent innovation, serving the country and society, and the attitude of wholeheartedly contributing to the country’s economic construction.

Therefore, from the beginning of freshmen’s enrollment, Geological Exploration College has built a comprehensive and in-depth "three-round education" system. From the first lesson of entrance education, cultivate students’ grateful attitude and development perspective, thank your parents for cultivating you into a college student, and learn to respect, filial piety and understand them; Thanks to our harmonious and beautiful social environment and socialist system, we can study calmly in the classroom. At the same time, cultivate students’ sense of responsibility and responsible attitude. As students of first-class universities in China, the future development of China is realized and built by them; Let the students realize that the geoscience major bears the application demand and scientific research mission from the country and society, has the difficulties and hardships from its own professional characteristics, and inherits the responsibilities and methods, values and beliefs laid by countless predecessors. We will certainly further realize social values, industry values and personal values in the process of continuous learning and research, and so on. Construct a curriculum system to introduce and guide the professional connotation in real time, so that students can understand, understand and love the specialty. Establish the whole process of the class teacher system, real-time understanding of students’ learning dynamics, learning difficulties and ideological fluctuations; Help them to understand and understand the professional system, and how to learn professional knowledge, how to radiate relevant knowledge, how to improve their own quality, how to participate in various social activities and practice innovation and entrepreneurship training, such as the selection of majors in grade one, the selection of major projects and basic geological practice in grade two, the production practice in grade three, the graduation topic in grade four and how to plan their lives.We should build a consultation and psychological counseling mechanism for key nodes in students’ development period, face the characteristics of college students in the new era, communicate with students in time, conduct regular counseling education, help students make correct life choices, but not arrange and substitute, strengthen their self-decision-making and judgment ability, and tell them how to work and study under the constraint of moral and legal bottom line.

Under the concept of "three-round education", the college has been emphasizing research and innovation in the teaching process for many years, and put forward the concept of combining "strictness, research and elegance" to cultivate talents. According to the characteristics and development of geosciences, we established the "Li Siguang Geophysical Experimental Class" in 2009, strengthened the training mode of geophysical science and engineering integration, created a talent training base combining theory with technology, and subtly promoted and publicized the scientific spirit of the older generation of scientists. At the same time, the modern scientific and technological elements are combined with the talent training method in real time and effectively, and the "virtual simulation center and popular science base for three-dimensional exploration of geological resources" is created; The college has set up the "Huang Danian Innovation Class" to cultivate a group of reformers and innovators in the new era who are "big-minded and sincere in serving the country"; Established the Huang Danian Fund and opened the Huang Danian website; Huang Danian Education Base was established with Guangxi Guigang Gangbei High School. These measures have created a good space for students to stabilize their professional study and realize their patriotic ambitions and life goals.

Teaching by virtue,Grasp the direction of talent training

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a major strategic plan for "accelerating the reform of ecological civilization system and building a beautiful China". The strategic, basic and systematic scientific and technological support role of earth science in building a community of human destiny has become increasingly prominent, which has created new opportunities and put forward new requirements for geological talents to make contributions in the new era.

Over the past few years, we have taken party member’s exemplary role as a demonstration and guidance, and taken Party building as a carrier to form a talent training atmosphere and mechanism for patriotism and service to the country. The Party Committee of the College of Earth Exploration Science and Technology of Jilin University is the first batch of national benchmark departments for party building work of the Ministry of Education (2018), the solid geophysics faculty party branch of Jilin University is the first batch of "double-leader" party branch secretary studio of the Ministry of Education (2018), and the second party branch of undergraduates of the College of Earth Exploration Science and Technology of Jilin University is the model party building work branch of Jilin University (2019). The party branch of Dixin Postgraduates of College of Earth Exploration Science and Technology of Jilin University is a model branch of party building work of Jilin University (2019). The main line of these party organizations is talent training and scientific research, and talent training is the central work. The top-level design of the college is implemented and distributed, and the party building work is built in all aspects of branches, teachers, classrooms and teaching. Appropriate combat effectiveness, influence and vanguard and exemplary leading role always affect students, so that students can always feel the advanced nature and practical value of party leadership, feel the development of China society in the process of national strength, and make clear their own mission and responsibility.

We also revealed the historical mission undertaken by the Geological Exploration Institute of Jilin University as a part of the strategic layout of the Republic’s construction in the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China and its historical contribution in the past 67 years, revisited the "initial intention of geological exploration", kept in mind the "mission of geological exploration", enriched the education culture, stimulated the spirit of scientific research, and dared to explore and forge ahead; For retired college teachers, alumni at home and abroad and in-service teachers, collect "ground exploration stories", collect information on the development of college disciplines, collect information on the growth of sages such as the founders of disciplines, and explore inspirational models; On the basis of published books such as "The Exploration of the Earth" and "The Course of the Exploration of the Earth", and the memorial room of the national outstanding teacher, outstanding Communist party member and Professor Shen Ninghua, one of the founders of geophysics, etc., review the "initial intention of the exploration of the earth", keep in mind the "mission of the exploration of the earth", and further integrate rich ideological and political education resources such as Li Siguang, Zhang Qiusheng, Shen Ninghua and Huang Danian; Tell Huang Danian’s story and spiritual connotation well among students, tell stories and advanced deeds well, let Huang Danian’s spirit blend into students’ spiritual world, let Huang Danian’s story spread among students, let our students feel a real sense of honor and mission, make them study hard consciously, form a sense of responsibility and mission as a big country, and become a pillar of the country.

A series of articles on teachers’ morality and the construction of study style;

President Zhang Xi: Some thoughts on the construction of teachers’ morality and study style

Moral Education, Truth-seeking and Innovation —— Speech at the 2020 Teacher’s Day Celebration and Commendation Conference of Jilin University

Seeking Truth and Pursuing Excellence —— Speech at the Opening Ceremony of Class of 2020 Freshmen

Principal Zhang Xi: Practice of Integration of Research and Learning

Professor Liu Zhongshu: Creating Excellent School Spirit and Learning Style and Strengthening the Construction of Teaching Staff

Professor Chi Baorong: The Soul of a Virtue Teacher; Teaching by example is better than teaching by words.

Professor Sun Zhengyu: Supporting teaching with scientific research and cultivating people with theory.

Professor Zhang Hanzhuang: Deepening Curriculum Construction and Practicing Education Mission

Professor Cai Lidong: Shielding the ego from crossing the ID and forging the ego.

Academician Ren Luquan: The cultivation of teachers’ morality lies in seeking truth and the cultivation of study style lies in seeking truth.

Professor Han Xiping: To be a new era teacher with noble morality and responsibility.

Jilin University held a special education report meeting on the construction of teachers’ morality and study style

Professor Jiang Qichuan: Fulfilling the mission and responsibility of a people’s teacher.

Jilin University held a special education report meeting on "Pre-service training of teachers in Jilin University and the construction of teachers’ morality and study style"

Jilin University held the third report meeting on the special education of "Pre-service training for teachers and the construction of teachers’ morality and study style". Professor Zhang Hanzhuang gave a report entitled "Do not forget your initiative mind remembers its mission"

Professor Wei Cuncheng: Teaching and scientific research are complementary.

Professor Lu Geyu: Insist on seeking truth from facts and innovation, adhere to academic integrity, and do meaningful and tasteful scientific research.

For more information, please clickTeachers’ morality and the construction of study styleSpecial topic:

https://news.jlu.edu.cn/zthd1/sdyxfjs.htm

Original cold sugar galaxy script kill

-Galaxy Script Kill No.60-

Speaking of the different degrees of Netease Yun Ge list, it can actually reflect what kind of state a person is in private. Just like MBTI’s personality test, no matter how normal the results are, it is inevitable that his annual song list of Netease Cloud will gradually be demonized.

That’s how the script kills the host. Even people who like light music and country music on weekdays have different styles of background music for a long time because of their work.

Regardless of your aesthetics of songs, you have to "smile" when you see your annual song list based on big data, although the smile will be a little dry.

"I used to like classical guitars. Why did I listen to the song No.1 and miss forever? ? ！” Some time ago, Laobai opened his own Netease cloud, and his brow tightened. In order to find the initial impression of big data on him, he had to open the classical guitar music on his desk every day, not seeking to cultivate sentiment, just to save the musicians who were about to collapse in big data.

My friend’s Netease cloud recommendation path has gradually become wild, like a runaway wild horse, which is no longer limited by my friend’s interest. Every day, I secretly nibble at the few hobbies left in my friend’s song list.

You can’t understand why it is so unbearable to listen to songs, which is also big data.

Song list recommendation from the initial acceptable to the later physical discomfort, because of work reasons, Netease Yun Ge single recommendation went further and further on the road of offending wild, until it became surprisingly magical.

Listening to Lao Bai, he still can’t stand the disregard of big data for him. In the case that the large-scale practice is abolished, he has to start a new stove and practice a trumpet again, which is regarded as a splint to correct his preferences.

My friend is a very reserved person, who speaks very seriously and likes to chew over words. The music he listens to in private is basically symphonies. But he often brings some happy books, so that his Netease cloud always thinks that he is a carefree and happy year.

He never thought that his personal collapse would start with the song list of Netease Cloud. This collapse is brainless and cannot be defined by any specific concept, as if it should not be bound by concrete thinking.

The magic phenomenon of my friend’s Netease Yun Ge sheet is different at each stage. In listening to music, he really expanded his territory.

Whether it is electronic, folk songs, movie soundtracks or rock, friends’ footprints are inadvertently left, even if the stay time is fleeting, it can be regarded as a contribution to friends’ Netease cloud magic song list.

At the beginning of this year, the female ticket handed in by Lao Qin Gang was spitting at his annual report of Netease Cloud. As a screenwriter who often brings an ancient emotional book, the song list is about to overflow the screen. She is a hip-hop woman in the new era all the year round, and she said that she accepted the label of Netease Cloud.

The ideal is full, but the label that Netease Cloud puts on itself is skinny and unrealistic.

Lao Bai often brought some books with him some time ago, and the song Two Steps From Hell really lingered around him for a long time.

So that he will subconsciously frown when he hears the same tune when he brushes a certain tone, which is like going to hell the next second.

The new host in the store is good at making money, but this time, after my reminding, I opened my own song list recommendation, and the red atmosphere came to the nose.

Not all of them, but from the list of songs he opened, Love China, Flying Songs of the Earth and Good Days can be regarded as the mainstay of the major song lists. However, he himself is obsessed with the secondary culture, and he usually listens to Pure Land of Blissfulness and Thousand Sakura in the shop.

A few people looked at his song list recommendation, which had already changed, and couldn’t help laughing. Although he laughed with us, it was obvious that the smile was very dry.

It felt like a chat record with a female ticket saved for several years, which was inadvertently deleted because of changing the mobile phone. The feeling at that moment was subtle, as if I had lost the most memorable connection with the female ticket.

"This I have to what time can I put my Netease cloud recommended song list before demobilization? ！” The new small host looked at the song list in his mobile phone and became speechless.

For the script to kill the host, this is definitely not a big problem, but even such a small problem will be difficult for people to accept at a time, so that they can live in harmony with Netease Cloud’s recommended song list and make themselves look less contradictory.

In fact, this point is more open to Lao Bai. Now he has reached a certain consensus with Netease Cloud’s "Hu Zuofei". For how to define big data, Lao Bai chose to ignore it.

"Although I may be strange from the song list of Netease Cloud, it doesn’t mean anything!"

Planning/Text-Cold Sugar

Design-cold sugar

Typesetting-cold sugar

Take you to find a fun script to kill

Explore the charm of script killing together

Original title: "How magical is the screenplay’s Netease Yun Ge list? 》

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The phenomenon of sudden death has existed in human society since ancient times, and it is not a new concept in recent years. However, with the increase of social pressure and the acceleration of work rhythm, the incidence of sudden death is increasing year by year.

At the same time, the popularity of the Internet also makes us hear the news about sudden death more frequently.

What is sudden death?

The word "sudden death", as its name implies, refers to sudden and unexpected death.

Regarding the specific definition of "sudden", there are differences among professional institutions, and it is generally believed that this time period is between 1 hour and 48 hours. Take the World Health Organization (WHO) as an example, its definition of sudden death is: from symptoms to death, this process is completed within 24 hours.

Sudden death is an irreversible result, which means the end of life and cannot be redeemed. To effectively deal with sudden death, we need to understand the reasons behind it.

Life goes on because the heart keeps beating. Therefore, when the heart can’t beat effectively and can’t provide enough blood for important organs of the body, if the heart can’t beat effectively in time, sudden death may come.

According to the statistics of developed countries, about 90% cases of sudden death are cardiogenic. Of course, in addition, a small number of sudden deaths are caused by brain-derived, lung-derived, abdominal-derived, endocrine-derived and other factors.

What is the pathogenesis of sudden cardiac death?

To further subdivide sudden cardiac death, we can divide it into two categories: "coronary" and "non-coronary".

In the case of sudden cardiac death, coronary sudden death accounts for 56.78%~80%, and this phenomenon is more obvious in middle-aged and elderly people, and the main culprit behind it is coronary heart disease.

For those patients with a history of coronary heart disease, the risk of sudden death is four times that of ordinary people. In-depth exploration, we will find that 3/4 of sudden cardiac death is inextricably linked with coronary heart disease.

The formation of coronary heart disease is closely related to a series of bad health conditions and living habits such as obesity, smoking and three highs.

In particular, some patients’ symptoms of coronary heart disease are not obvious and are often mistaken for slight physical discomfort, but this invisible threat will greatly increase the risk of sudden death.

Although people over the age of 40 are the high-risk group of coronary heart disease, in recent years, the younger trend of this disease has become more and more obvious, and even young patients aged 25 have been reported to have coronary heart disease.

Taking snacks as dinner, drinks instead of water, lack of exercise, staying up late, endless consumption of the body, but never having a physical examination … Such a lifestyle may be quietly causing your coronary artery to fall into a crisis of blockage.

Before sudden death, the body will send out three important distress signals!

Before the critical moment of cardiac arrest comes, are there really symptoms that can be alarmed?

In fact, about 50% patients did not show any obvious symptoms before cardiac arrest. For the other half of cardiac arrest patients, they may experience some specific physical reactions or symptoms during the period from a few days to several hours before the sudden death. Although these signs are not absolute, they deserve our attention and vigilance.

Signal 1: Persistent chest pain or discomfort.

Chest pain is one of the most common symptoms of heart disease and an important warning signal before sudden death. This kind of chest pain may manifest as a feeling of oppression, tightness or dullness, and sometimes it may radiate to the left arm, neck, chin or back.

Persistent chest pain indicates that there may be coronary artery obstruction, leading to myocardial ischemia. At this time, all activities should be stopped immediately, and emergency calls should be made to strive for golden treatment time. Remember, time is life, and every minute of delay may increase irreversible damage.

Signal 2: Extreme fatigue and dyspnea

Extreme fatigue and unexplained dyspnea are also common signs before sudden death. If you feel extremely tired recently, even if you have enough rest, you can’t relieve it. At the same time, accompanied by slight physical activity, you will have difficulty breathing, which may be caused by the decline of heart function and the inability of your body to obtain oxygen effectively.

Extreme fatigue and breathing difficulties are the body telling you that the heart may be under heavy burden and unable to pump blood effectively. In this case, medical help should be sought immediately and relevant examinations should be carried out in order to detect and intervene potential heart problems at an early stage.

Signal 3: Arrhythmia and syncope

Arrhythmia, that is, the heartbeat is too fast, too slow or irregular, is also an important signal before sudden death. If you often feel flustered, palpitations, or sudden syncope, this may be an abnormal performance of cardiac electrical activity, which needs great attention.

Arrhythmia may cause the heart to fail to pump blood effectively, and in severe cases, it may cause syncope or even sudden death. If you or someone around you has symptoms of arrhythmia, you should immediately stop any activity and take a sitting or lying position to avoid falling. At the same time, you should see a doctor as soon as possible and have an ECG check for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Although sudden death is threatening, not all of them are untraceable. Understanding and recognizing the distress signal of the body is the key to prevent sudden death. It is strongly recommended that once any one or more of the above symptoms appear, do not hesitate to seek medical treatment immediately.

Original title: "Emergency doctors remind: Before sudden death, the body will send out three important distress signals! 》

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Catalogue

Part I Overview of National Radio Monitoring Center

I. Main functions

Second, the composition of departmental budget units

Part II Department Budget of National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021

I. Summary of departmental revenue and expenditure

Second, the department income summary table

III. Summary of Departmental Expenditure

IV. Summary of Financial Appropriations and Income and Expenditure

V. General public budget expenditure table

VI. Basic Expenditure Table of General Public Budget

Seven, the general public budget "three public" expenditure table

Eight, the government fund budget expenditure table

Nine, the state-owned capital operating budget expenditure table

Part III Description of the Department Budget of National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021

The fourth part explains nouns.

Part I Overview of National Radio Monitoring Center

I. Main functions

The National Radio Monitoring Center (National Radio Spectrum Management Center) is a public welfare institution directly under the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. Entrusted by the Ministry, its main responsibilities are:

(a) in accordance with the provisions of the "Regulations on Radio Management in People’s Republic of China (PRC)", as a national radio management technical institution, it undertakes technical work related to radio frequency and satellite orbit resources, radio stations, radio transmitting equipment management and foreign-related radio management, and provides support for national radio management.

(two) to undertake the monitoring of short-wave and space business radio signals and the positioning of interference sources, and to find the relevant radio stations (stations) that are set up and used without permission; Monitor whether the relevant radio stations (stations) carry out their work in accordance with international rules, agreements signed between China and other countries, administrative licensing matters and requirements.

(three) to undertake the technical work related to the development of national radio management; Participate in radio monitoring of ultrashort wave and microwave frequency bands in Beijing.

(four) to undertake the construction and operation of the relevant technical work information system of the national radio regulatory agency.

(five) to carry out radio management related policies, technical standards and technical specifications, data applications and other research work, and put forward policy suggestions.

(six) to provide technical guidance for radio management in all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities).

To undertake other tasks assigned by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.

Second, the composition of departmental budget units

The departmental budget of the National Radio Monitoring Center (hereinafter referred to as "the Center") in 2021 includes: the budget of the center at the same level, the budget of monitoring stations outside Beijing (8 in total) and the budget of self-supporting institutions affiliated to the Center (1 in total).

The national radio monitoring center in 2021, the scope of departmental budget three budget units include:

1 national radio monitoring center at the same level

2. Shanghai Monitoring Station of National Radio Monitoring Center

3. Urumqi Monitoring Station of National Radio Monitoring Center

4. Chengdu Monitoring Station of National Radio Monitoring Center

5. Fujian Monitoring Station of National Radio Monitoring Center

6. Shenzhen Monitoring Station of National Radio Monitoring Center

7. Harbin Monitoring Station of National Radio Monitoring Center

8. Shaanxi Monitoring Station of National Radio Monitoring Center

9. Yunnan Monitoring Station of National Radio Monitoring Center

10. Testing Center of National Radio Monitoring Center

Part II Department Budget of National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021

Part III Description of the Department Budget of National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021

I. Description of the General Statement of Revenue and Expenditure of National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021

According to the principle of comprehensive budget, all income and expenditure of the National Radio Monitoring Center are included in the departmental budget management. Income includes: general public budget appropriation income, operating income of institutions, other income, and use of non-financial appropriation balance; Expenditure includes: expenditure on social security and employment, expenditure on resource exploration and industrial information, expenditure on housing security, and carry-over from last year to next year. The total revenue and expenditure budget of the National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021 is 297,909,500 yuan.

Two, about the National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021 income summary.

The revenue budget of the National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021 is 297,909,500 yuan, of which 10,517,100 yuan was carried forward from the previous year, accounting for 3.53%. The general public budget revenue was 89,815,400 yuan, accounting for 30.15%. The operating income of public institutions was 125 million yuan, accounting for 41.96%. The income from higher-level subsidies was 23,745,100 yuan, accounting for 7.97%, other income was 207,000 yuan, accounting for 0.07%, and the balance of non-financial appropriations was 48,624,900 yuan, accounting for 16.32%.

III. Explanation on the Summary of Expenditure of National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021

The expenditure budget of National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021 is 297,909,500 yuan, of which the basic expenditure is 123,164,500 yuan, accounting for 41.76%. The project expenditure is 51,804,900 yuan, accounting for 17.56%. The operating expenditure of public institutions was 120 million yuan, accounting for 40.68%.

Four, about the National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021 financial appropriation summary table.

The national radio monitoring center has a total budget of 100,332,500 yuan in 2021. Income includes: 89,815,400 yuan from the general public budget, 10,517,100 yuan carried forward from the previous year; Expenditure includes: 10,045,700 yuan for social security and employment, 78,155,000 yuan for resource exploration and industrial information, and 12,131,800 yuan for housing security.

V. Explanation on the General Public Budget Expenditure Table of National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021

The general public budget expenditure of the National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021 was 89,815,400 yuan, a decrease of 151,343,900 yuan or 62.76% compared with the implementation in 2020. In accordance with the relevant requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on living a tight life, we will practise economy in all undertakings, vigorously reduce general expenditures, and focus on reducing public funds and non-urgent non-rigid expenditures, which are reflected in relevant expenditure subjects. The specific arrangements are as follows:

(1) The expenditure of 21,505 industrial and information industry supervision projects is estimated at 68,426,000 yuan at the beginning of 2021, which is 154,703,700 yuan less than the implementation in 2020, with a decrease of 69.33%. The main reason is: implementing the requirements of tight life and reducing the expenditure of radio and information communication supervision and development projects.

(II) The budget for the pension expenditure of administrative institutions in 20805 was 9,379,800 yuan in early 2021, an increase of 4,126,800 yuan or 78.56% compared with the implementation in 2020. The main reason is that the financial allocation for the pension expenditure of administrative institutions has increased.

(III) The expenditure of the 22102 housing reform expenditure project is budgeted at 12,009,600 yuan in early 2021, which is 767,000 yuan less than the implementation in 2020, with a decrease of 6.00%, mainly due to the decrease in housing subsidy expenditure.

(4) According to the classification of expenditure function, the expenditure on resource exploration, industrial information and other aspects accounts for a relatively high proportion of the total expenditure of the unit, mainly: the budget for industrial and information industry supervision in 2021 is 68.426 million yuan, accounting for 76.19% of the total expenditure of the unit, which is mainly used for radio and information communication supervision projects.

VI. Explanation on the Basic Expenditure Table of General Public Budget of National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021

The basic expenditure of the general public budget of the National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021 is 50.818 million yuan. Among them:

The personnel expenses are 44,790,200 yuan, mainly including: basic salary, allowances and subsidies, performance salary, basic old-age insurance contributions of institutions, occupational annuity contributions, housing accumulation fund, medical expenses and retirement expenses.

The public funds are 6,027,800 yuan, mainly including: office expenses, printing fees, consulting fees, handling fees, water fees, electricity fees, post and telecommunications fees, heating fees, property management fees, travel expenses, rental fees, training fees, official reception fees, special materials fees, special fuel fees, labor fees, commissioned business fees, trade union funds, welfare fees, official vehicle operation and maintenance fees, and other transportation expenses.

VII. Explanation on the budget of the National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021 for "three public funds"

In 2021, the financial allocation budget for the "three public funds" is 1,329,500 yuan, of which: the expenses for going abroad on business are 0,000 yuan; The purchase and operation cost of official vehicles is 1,260,100 yuan, including 1,260,100 yuan, which is mainly used for the maintenance of official vehicles (including radio monitoring business vehicles, etc.) and the operation and maintenance of radio safety vehicles for key major events such as the Winter Olympics; The official reception fee is 69,400 yuan, which is mainly used for business exchanges and technical discussions between the center and relevant domestic units, investigation and guidance from relevant departments, and foreign affairs reception. In 2021, the budget for the "three public" funds is increased compared with that in 2020 (mainly to increase the operation and maintenance expenses of radio safety vehicles for key major events such as the Winter Olympics), and the expenses for going abroad (the border) and the purchase expenses for official vehicles are both reduced compared with that in 2020.

VIII. Explanation on the Government Procurement Budget of National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021

The total government procurement budget of National Radio Monitoring Center in 2021 was 10.9501 million yuan, including 921.9 million yuan for government procurement of goods and 10.0282 million yuan for government procurement of services.

The fourth part explains nouns.

I. Income subjects

(1) Revenue from financial appropriation: refers to the funds allocated by the central government in the current year.

(2) Operating income of public institutions: refers to the income obtained by non-independent accounting business activities of public institutions in addition to professional business activities and auxiliary activities.

(3) Other income: refers to income other than the above-mentioned "financial appropriation income", "business income" and "business income of public institutions". Such as investment income, interest income, etc.

(4) Carry-over from the previous year: refers to the funds that have not been completed in the previous year and are carried over to this year and continue to be used according to the original provisions.

Second, the expenditure subjects

(1) Social security and employment (category) Pension for administrative institutions (fund): refers to the expenditure of the center and its subordinate units on pension for administrative institutions.

1. Retirement of institutions (item): refers to the funds for retirees of the center and its affiliated institutions.

2. Expenditure of basic old-age insurance in institutions (item): refers to the expenditure of basic old-age insurance paid by the center and its affiliated institutions in implementing the old-age insurance system.

3. Occupational annuity payment expenditure of government agencies and institutions (item): refers to the occupational annuity expenditure paid by the center and its affiliated institutions in implementing the old-age insurance system.

(2) Resource exploration information, etc. (category): It reflects the expenditures for resource exploration, manufacturing, construction and industrial information, etc. The central budget mainly covers the subjects of industrial and information industry supervision expenditures.

1. Expenditure on supervision of industry and information industry (paragraph): refers to the expenditure used by the center and its affiliated institutions to ensure the operation of institutions and carry out supervision of industry and information industry.

(III) Expenditure on housing security (category) Expenditure on housing reform (paragraph): refers to the expenditure on housing reform by the center and its subordinate units in accordance with national policies.

1. Housing accumulation fund (item): it is a long-term housing deposit paid by the unit and its employees in accordance with the regulations on the management of housing accumulation fund. This policy began in the mid-1990s, and was widely implemented among employees in government agencies, enterprises and institutions nationwide. The minimum deposit ratio is not less than 5%, and the maximum deposit ratio is not more than 12%. The deposit base is the employee’s salary in the previous year. The deposit base of administrative units includes the post salary, grade salary, post salary and technical grade (post) salary of government workers, year-end one-time bonus, special post allowance, allowance for hard and remote areas, work allowance and living allowance issued after standardization; The deposit base of public institutions includes post salary, salary scale salary, performance salary, allowance for hard and remote areas, special post allowance, etc.

2. Rent-raising subsidy (item): It was approved by the State Council, and started in 2000 to raise the rent standard of public housing for central units in Beijing. The central units in Beijing determined the subsidy standard according to the number of on-the-job employees, retirees and corresponding ranks, and subsidized 90 yuan per capita monthly.

3. Housing Subsidy (Item): According to the Notice of the State Council Institute on Further Deepening the Reform of Urban Housing System and Accelerating Housing Construction (Guo Fa [1998] No.23), after the housing distribution in kind was stopped in the second half of 1998, the housing monetization reform subsidy funds were distributed to employees without housing and whose housing income ratio exceeded 4 times. The central administrative institutions began to issue housing subsidy funds in 2000, and local administrative institutions began to issue housing subsidy funds in succession in 1999, and enterprises decided on their own according to their own conditions. In Beijing, the central unit shall implement the standards stipulated in the General Office of the State Council, the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC forwarded by the Ministry of Construction and other units < Office Word [2005] No.8 >, and outside Beijing, the central unit shall implement the policies, regulations and standards of the monetization reform of housing distribution of the local people’s government.

(4) Carry-over to the next year: refers to the funds arranged in the previous year’s budget, which cannot be implemented according to the original plan due to changes in objective conditions, and need to be postponed to the next year to continue to use according to the original specified purposes.

(5) Basic expenditure: refers to personnel expenditure and public expenditure incurred to ensure the normal operation of institutions and complete daily tasks.

(6) Project expenditure: refers to the expenditure incurred to complete specific administrative tasks and career development goals in addition to the basic expenditure.

(7) Operating expenses of public institutions: refers to the expenses incurred by public institutions in carrying out non-independent accounting business activities other than professional business activities and auxiliary activities.

Third, the "three public" funds

The "three public" funds included in the management of the central financial budget and final accounts refer to the expenses for going abroad (abroad), the purchase and operation of official vehicles and the official reception expenses arranged by the central departments with financial allocations. Among them, the expenses for going abroad on business reflect the international travel expenses, foreign city transportation expenses, accommodation expenses, meals, training fees, public and miscellaneous expenses, etc. of the unit going abroad on business; The purchase and operation expenses of official vehicles reflect the purchase expenses of official vehicles (including vehicle purchase tax), fuel expenses, maintenance fees, crossing fees, insurance fees, safety incentive fees and other expenses; The official reception fee reflects all kinds of official reception (including foreign guests’ reception) expenses of the unit according to the regulations.

　　In fact, this "artificial jellyfish silk" is not a seafood at all. Its raw materials are three food additives: sodium alginate, ammonium aluminum sulfate (commonly known as alum) and anhydrous calcium chloride.

　　Jellyfish silk has also been faked! Yesterday, the media in Hangzhou revealed that Huzhou police seized a large number of fake jellyfish silk in the local farmers’ market according to the report, and then traced it to a ton of fake jellyfish silk. The so-called "jellyfish silk" was all artificially synthesized with chemical raw materials. And the source of this fake jellyfish silk is actually in Changzhou.

　　The Yangzi Evening News reporter contacted Changzhou police to confirm that it was true. An Anhui couple hired a coolie in Changzhou and rented a private house in Zouqu, Changzhou as a small workshop to produce and process this fake jellyfish silk.

　　Yangzi Evening News All-Media Reporter Zhang Bin

　　False jellyfish silk exposure

　　After the information of "Fake jellyfish silk" is released, frightened friends may need a dish of real jellyfish silk to suppress the shock, so it is necessary to popularize science here &mdash; &mdash;

　　How to tell true from false jellyfish silk?

　　false

　　Jellyfish silk:

　　It’s transparent, tasteless and tough, and it’s not easy to break by pulling it gently with your hands. If you take it out of the water and put it for a while, it will be as soft as scotch tape.

　　real

　　Jellyfish silk:

　　It looks white and yellow, and smells fishy. High-quality jellyfish silk is white or light yellow, with color and no erythema and sediment. Spread out jellyfish silk, the bigger, the whiter and the thinner the better. The meat is crisp, not hard, not broken, crunchy and chewy.

　　The case is full of ups and downs

　　Media exposure:

　　Huzhou seized "artificial jellyfish silk"

　　The suspect confessed that he was learning from Changzhou’s "master".

　　On May 7th, Hangzhou media published a case that Huzhou police cracked the sale of fake jellyfish silk.

　　According to the media report, "three suspects, including Yuan Mou, illegally produced and sold fake jellyfish in the farmer’s market in Shangcheng Road, Zhili Town, Huzhou for almost a year!" In late April this year, the Food and Drug Ring Detachment of Huzhou Public Security Bureau received such a report. Huzhou police immediately joined forces with the Market Supervision Bureau to enforce the law. On April 22nd, they seized more than 300 kilograms of "artificial jellyfish silk" on the spot.

　　After investigation, since June, 2015, Yuan and others, knowing that the artificial jellyfish silk did not meet the food safety standards, still used sodium alginate, anhydrous calcium chloride, ammonium aluminum sulfate and other raw materials to make artificial jellyfish silk, and sold it in the frozen food store operated by Shangcheng Road Farmers’ Market in Zhili Town, making an illegal profit of more than 70,000 yuan.

　　According to Yuan, he also knows that this fake jellyfish silk is harmful, but the wholesale price of jellyfish in the past two years is generally 30-50 kg, and the breeding period is about 40 days. The cost of fake jellyfish is nearly half lower than that of cultured jellyfish, and it sells well and the production cycle is not long, so they will take risks for almost a year.

　　He also said that his craft was learned from the "master" in Changzhou, and the raw materials were also imported from the "master".

　　Therefore, Huzhou police rushed to Changzhou, and on the afternoon of April 29, they arrested Jia, the "master" Yuan said, and his accomplices Sun and Ma. And seized 1 ton of finished and semi-finished products of "artificial jellyfish silk" at the scene! After investigation, Jia and other three people have produced more than 10 tons of fake jellyfish in the past year, making an illegal profit of more than 100,000 yuan.

　　Jia confessed that people from many places came here to study art and purchase goods.

　　Reporter connection:

　　Changzhou police cooperate with "one pot end"

　　The "counterfeiting den" is located in a private house in Zou District, Changzhou.

　　Yesterday afternoon, the reporter contacted Changzhou police to confirm that it did happen. According to Changzhou police, Huzhou police, together with law enforcement officers from the local market supervision department, came to Changzhou. After knowing the specific location of the fake dens, they asked Changzhou police to cooperate with them to arrest the suspects.

　　"Food cases are no small matter!" After receiving the instruction, the Public Security Bureau of Zhonglou attached great importance to it, and immediately arranged nearly 20 police officers to cooperate with the arrest. Everyone Qi Xin worked together to arrest the suspects Jia Mou, Sun Mou and Ma Mou in a private house in Qianjia Village, Zouqu Village Committee, Zouqu Town, Zhonglou District.

　　A police officer involved in the arrest told reporters that they were also surprised when they saw the scene! Houses have become private workshops filled with plastic buckets of all sizes. Three people are producing and processing "fake jellyfish silk" in the workshop. Law enforcement officers in Huzhou seized a large number of raw materials and "fake jellyfish silk" at the scene. Later, I called a truck to drag these fake tools and products back to Huzhou.

　　According to Changzhou police, the trial of the case, taking photos on the spot and obtaining evidence were all conducted by Huzhou police and law enforcement officers of the local market supervision department. Changzhou police mainly cooperate with the arrest work and are not very clear about the specific circumstances of the case. However, Changzhou police learned that the three suspects were all from Anhui, two of them were husband and wife, and the other was a coolie hired by the husband and wife. The couple are doing business in Changzhou, but the Huzhou police are still investigating where the "fake jellyfish silk" flows.

　　Changzhou police said that there may be some action in the later stage of the case, and Changzhou police will pay close attention to the case dynamics.

　　Fake jellyfish silk is very harmful.

　　Long-term consumption will lead to malnutrition, neurasthenia, and even stupidity.

　　Long-term consumption of "artificial jellyfish silk" is extremely harmful. Sodium alginate is a good thickener and a safe food additive in "artificial jellyfish silk". However, additives are additives after all, and it is somewhat inappropriate to eat additives as food. The reporter checked the relevant information and found that sodium alginate contains more cellulose. Although cellulose has certain benefits to the human body, eating too much will affect the absorption of nutrients. It will also adsorb minerals such as iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc existing in other foods in the intestines, so that these nutrients can not be absorbed by the human body, so eating more can cause malnutrition and other symptoms due to lack of various minerals.

　　In addition, another raw material in "artificial jellyfish silk" is alum. This material has a high content of aluminum, which will affect the absorption of calcium, iron and other minerals by the human body for a long time, leading to osteoporosis, anemia and so on. In addition, long-term intake of aluminum can affect or even destroy the human nervous system, which significantly increases the incidence of neurasthenia and even makes people susceptible to Alzheimer’s disease, that is, senile dementia. After testing, the aluminum content in the "artificial jellyfish silk" made by Jia and others exceeded the standard seriously, reaching 600-800mg. Long-term consumption is extremely harmful. (According to Urban Express)

　　Chen Xinfeng, the person in charge of the ecological park, and the staff are carrying out professional leaf splitting, flower thinning and fruit thinning on the elevated strawberries to ensure the quality after listing. This is the second year that he has cultivated strawberries without soil. Compared with the traditional cultivation of strawberries, this cultivation technology has a better planting environment and greatly improved the picking experience of tourists.　

Tourists pick and punch cards in the high-ridge strawberry greenhouse.　

　　"Our main varieties are ice cream strawberries, chocolate strawberries and cream strawberries. The output of each greenhouse is about 4,000 kilograms, and each kilogram can be sold to 45 yuan. From now until June, it is the peak season for picking, and the total income is expected to reach 300,000 yuan." Chen Xinfeng told reporters that the strawberries he planted were well received by the market. In addition to supplying local supermarkets, many customers in Zhengzhou and Luoyang booked them, which was in short supply.　

The person in charge introduced the situation of soilless cultivation of strawberries for tourists who came to pick them.　

　　Inspired by "elevated" strawberries, in 2024, Chen Xinfeng transformed the strawberry greenhouse into a smart agricultural greenhouse to plant "high-ridge" strawberries to improve quality and yield. In the transformation, he raised the ridge by 30 cm with steel frame, which is more suitable for the development of sightseeing and picking agriculture; Adopt intelligent drip irrigation and water circulation heating technology system to accurately control air humidity and nutrient supply, and ensure stable growth environment while saving water and fertilizer; Using physical pest control and biological control technology to replace traditional pesticides to ensure that strawberries are green and pollution-free; Equipped with automatic temperature control and light supplement equipment, so that strawberry growth is not limited by natural conditions; Pure water irrigation is used to provide high-quality and stable water source for strawberry growth and accurately meet water demand. At the same time, he also introduced the drone pollination technology of "low temperature tolerance, no flight and no shed collision", which not only improved the fruit setting rate of strawberries, but also improved the fruit quality, making the fruit shape correct and the taste sweet.　

　　Walking into the meat rabbit breeding base in Hanxi Village, Dading Street, rows of modern breeding cages are uniform, and fat meat rabbits are eating and drinking leisurely. The head of the base, Mao Xing, observed the growth of rabbits and carefully recorded them. "At present, there are 144 groups of modern breeding cages in our base, with a total of more than 3,400 meat rabbits, with an annual slaughter of more than 60,000, which can generate income of 500,000 yuan." Mao Xing happily talked to the reporter about the "rabbit breeding".　

Technicians check the growth of meat rabbits.　

　　There are only three or four workers in the clean and tidy breeding shed, thanks to the automatic breeding equipment introduced by the base. Automatic temperature control technology can adjust the temperature of the breeding shed in time, which is more suitable for the growth of meat rabbits; Set the feeding time on the computer, automatically start the feeding function at the point of arrival, and automatically cut off the power after feeding, feeding 1-6 times a day, which better caters to the physiological characteristics of rabbits with less food and more meals; The automatic excrement cleaning system can automatically clean excrement, reduce ammonia smell and flies and mosquitoes, reduce the disease probability and mortality of meat rabbits, and improve the survival rate of young rabbits. In addition, the rabbit manure is also used as agricultural fertilizer and exported to Fujian and Shaanxi, which increases the economic benefits.　

　　"This meat rabbit breeding project can also increase the income of the village collective by 100,000 yuan every year. In the next step, the two village committees will encourage interested people to learn rabbit breeding technology, so that meat rabbit breeding will become a characteristic industry in the village and a project to increase people’s income." Yao Jialian, secretary of the village party branch, introduced.　

　　The industry is prosperous, the countryside is strong and the villagers are rich. In recent years, mengzhou city has continuously intensified the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure. By increasing the popularization and application of intelligent agricultural technologies such as drones, Internet of Things and big data in agricultural production, it has changed the extensive production management mode of traditional agriculture, improved agricultural production efficiency, improved the output and quality of agricultural products, and promoted the sustainable development of agriculture.　

　　It is reported that in the next step, mengzhou city will promote agricultural modernization and intelligence by cultivating high-quality agricultural skilled talents in the new era, accelerating the application of smart agricultural technology, strengthening the guarantee of data elements, and strengthening the construction of talent teams, empowering the masses with smart agriculture, helping the rural areas to fully revitalize, and painting a new picture of a beautiful countryside with strong agriculture, beautiful countryside and rich farmers.　

　　(Guangming Daily full media reporter Michael Cui correspondent Hou Wei Chen Daoming)　

1 scope
This standard specifies the definition, technical requirements, inspection methods and inspection rules of water-saving domestic water appliances.
This standard is applicable to hot and cold water supply pipelines installed in building facilities, and the water supply pressure is not greater than 0.6MPa. Products used: water tap, toilet and toilet system, toilet flushing valve, shower, household washing machine, etc.
2 reference standard
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard by being quoted in this standard. When this standard was published, all the versions indicated were valid. All standards will be revised, and all parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the following standards.
GB/T　　ll76? Technical conditions of cast copper alloy in 1987
GB/T　　4288? 1992 household electric washing machine
GB/T　　6952? 1999 sanitary ceramics
GB/T　　18145? 2000 ceramic sealing water nozzle
CJ/T　　3081? 1999 non-contact (electronic) water supply apparatus
JC　　707? 1997 toilet low water tank fittings
JC/T　　856? Matching system of 2000 6 liter toilet
JG/T　　3008? Valve for mechanical pedal shower in 1993
JG/T　　3040.2? 1997 hydraulic slow-closing flushing valve for toilet flushing device
QB/T　　1334? General specification for water nozzle in 1998
QB/T　　3649? 1999 toilet flushing valve
3 definition
This standard adopts the following definitions.
3.1 water-saving domestic water appliances domest water saving devices
Devices and appliances that meet the same water consumption functions such as drinking, kitchen use, toilet cleaning, bathing and laundry, and can reduce water consumption compared with similar conventional products.
3.2 Water saving faucets (faucets)
Valve products with manual or automatic opening and closing and control of water flow at the outlet, which can achieve water-saving effect in use.
3.3 water-saving toilet
Under the condition of ensuring the hygiene requirements, use function and delivery capacity of the drainage pipeline, the toilet does not leak, and the flushing water quantity at one time is not more than 6L of water.
3.4 water saving toilet system
It consists of toilet, water tank and fittings, pipes, fittings, interfaces and installation technology. The water consumption for each flushing cycle is not more than 6L, that is, the sewage can be washed away from the trap of toilet and discharged into the product system of gravity discharge system.
3.5 water saving flushing valve for water closet
Valve products for toilet with delayed flushing, automatic closing and flow control functions.
3.6 water-saving shower water saving shower
Shower products that use contact or non-contact control to open and close, and have the functions of water temperature adjustment and flow restriction.
3.7 water saving washing machine
Taking water as the medium, the water consumption can be automatically or manually adjusted according to the amount of clothes and the degree of cleanliness, which meets the washing function and has low water consumption.
4 technical requirements
4.1 General provisions
4.1.1 Corrosive materials are not allowed to be used for the parts where the products contact with water; The surface of parts that directly affect the product life should be treated with anti-corrosion or made of materials that are not easy to corrode. The use of cast copper alloy should comply with the provisions of GB/T 1l76.
4.1.2 Products should not use materials or coatings containing harmful additives, and all materials in direct contact with drinking water should not pollute the water quality.
4.1.3 Products used in hot and humid environment should be able to be used for a long time at a temperature of less than 60℃ and a relative humidity of not more than 90% (the relative humidity of shower is not more than 95%), and have no adverse effects on human body and no pollution to the environment.
4.1.4 If it is an electronically controlled product, its electrical performance shall comply with the relevant provisions of CJ/T 3081.
4.2 Water-saving nozzle
4.2.1 The product shall have a water pressure of 0.1 MPa and a pipe diameter of 15mm, and the maximum flow rate shall not be greater than 0.15 L/s..
4.2.2 Inductive nozzles and delayed self-closing nozzles shall comply with the provisions of 4.2.1.
4.2.3 After leaving the service state, the induction water nozzle should automatically stop water within 2s, and it should automatically stop water under abnormal power supply voltage.
4.2.4 Time-delay self-closing nozzle water supply is not more than 1L at a time, and the water supply time is 4s～6s ~ 6 s..
4.2.5 The strength of the valve body of the ceramic-piece sealed water nozzle shall meet GB/T 18145? The provisions of 6.4.1 in 2000.
4.2.6 The strength of the valve body of the non-ceramic-piece sealed water nozzle shall meet QB/T 1334? The provisions of 5.4.1 in 1998.
4.2.7 The strength of the valve body of the induction nozzle shall meet CJ/T 3081? The provisions of 6.6 in 1999.
4.2.8 The sealing performance of the ceramic-piece sealed water nozzle shall comply with GB/T 18145? The provisions of 6.4.2 in 2000.
4.2.9 The sealing performance of non-ceramic sealed water nozzle shall comply with QB/T 1334? The provisions of 5.4.2 in 1998.
4.2.10 The sealing performance of the valve body of the induction water nozzle shall comply with CJ/T 3081? The provisions of 6.6 in 1999.
4.2.11 The service life of the switch of the product shall meet the following requirements:
A) the induction nozzle is more than 50,000 times;
B) The ceramic-sheet sealed water nozzle has been used for more than 200,000 times;
C) Other types of water taps are more than 300,000 times.
4.2.12 Other requirements for products shall be in accordance with relevant provisions in GB/T 18145, QB/T 1334 and CJ/T 3081.
4.3 Water-saving toilet system
4.3.1 The product should adopt the structure of washing urine and urine in stages.
4.3.2 The water consumption for defecation flushing in each flushing cycle of the product shall not be greater than 6L.
4.3.3 If the fittings for toilet flushing are adopted, the water consumption for urine flushing shall not be greater than 4.5L.
4.3.4 Flushing function
4.3.4.1 should meet the following requirements under the condition that the total flushing water consumption is not more than 6L:
A) Solid discharge: polypropylene ball method is adopted, and the average number of balls passing through three times is not less than 75;
B) After each washing, the ink line method is adopted, and the total length of accumulated residual ink marks is not more than 50mm；;
C) The water seal depth and water seal recovery are not less than 50mm；;
D) The dilution rate after sewage discharge test shall not be less than 100.
The transportation characteristics of 4.3.4.2 drainage pipeline shall meet one of the following conditions:
A) Rinse continuously for 30 times, at least 24 times, and all 4 samples are washed out, and the average of 24 times.
B) All four specimens rushed out of the toilet and rushed into the sewage riser through the 5m horizontal pipe.
4.3.4.3 Trap should be able to pass &phi; 40mm solid ball.
4.3.5 The water absorption rate of the ceramic toilet is not more than 1.0%.
4.3.6 Water tank fittings shall meet the following requirements:

A) The operating mechanism is stable and reliable, and easy to operate. Flexible action, no jam.
B) The strength and sealing performance of the inlet valve shall meet the first-class requirements specified in JC 707.
C) Under the water supply pressure of 0.05MPa, the water inflow time is not more than 120s.
D) The spillway must be 20mm higher than the effective working water surface.
E) The outlet of the inlet valve should be 20mm higher than the overflow pipe.
F) There should be no leakage in the drain valve.
G) When the effective water volume of the water tank is 6L, the drainage flow of the drain valve should not be less than 2.0L/s..
H) The service life is more than 50,000 times.
4.3.7 All parts of the water-saving toilet system (toilet, water tank and fittings, pipes, fittings, interfaces, etc.) shall comply with the provisions in GB/T 6952, JC 707 and JC/T 856, and there shall be no leakage at each joint after assembly.
4.3.8 The water-saving toilet system must comply with JC/T 856? Design, construction and installation of pipeline system according to 4.6 in 2000.
4.3.9 Other requirements for products shall comply with relevant provisions in GB/T 6952, JC707 and JC/T856.
4.4 Water-saving toilet flushing valve
4.4.1 When the water pressure is 0.3MPa, the product used for defecation flushing has a flushing volume of 6L ~ 8L at a time. The primary flushing volume of urine flushing products is 2L ~ 4L (if it is divided into two stages, it is the sum of the first stage and the second stage). The flushing time is 3s ~ 10s.
4.4.2 The strength of the valve body shall reach the pressure of 0.9MPa for 30s without deformation or leakage.
4.4.3 The sealing performance of the valve body shall be 0.6Mpa at high pressure and 0.04Mpa at low pressure respectively, and there shall be no leakage on all sealing surfaces and connecting surfaces.
4.4.4 The service life of the product shall be more than 50,000 times.
4.4.5 The product must have an anti-siphon device in use (this requirement is not considered for the urine flushing valve).
4.4.6 The product is not allowed to have obvious water hammer phenomenon in use, and the noise sound pressure level is not more than 60dB.
4.4.7 Other requirements for products shall comply with relevant regulations in JG/T 3040 and QB/T 3649.
4.5 water-saving shower
4.5.1 The outlet flow of the shower valve of the product shall comply with JG/T 3008? The provisions of 4.7 in 1993.
4.5.2 The shower nozzle should be under the water pressure of 0.1MPa and the pipe diameter of 15mm, and the maximum flow is not more than 0.15 L/s..
4.5.3 The compressive strength of the shower valve body should reach 1.5 times the nominal pressure of the product and keep the pressure for 30s, without deformation, cracking and leakage.
4.5.4 When the shower valve is naturally closed, water with 1.1 times the nominal pressure of the product is introduced, and there should be no leakage at the water outlet and valve stem seal. Seal the water outlet, and let the water with pressure of 0.1MPa pass through the water inlet, and there should be no leakage at the valve stem seal.
4.5.5 Public bathrooms should adopt single-tube thermostatic products.
4.5.6 The service life of the shower valve of the product shall be more than 50,000 times.
4.5.7 Other requirements for products shall comply with relevant regulations in JG/T 3008.
4.6 water-saving washing machine
4.6.1 The ratio of the rated washing water volume to the rated washing capacity of the product shall comply with GB/T 4288? The provisions of 5.4 in 1992.
4.6.2 The rinsing performance of the product shall be such that the alkalinity of the residual rinsing liquid phase on the washings for the test water is not greater than 0.04×10-2mol/L (molar concentration).
4.6.3 When the product is at the maximum load washing capacity, high water level and a standard washing process, the washing ratio is above 0.8, and the water consumption per unit capacity is not greater than the following values:
A) The drum washing machine has a heating device of 14L/kg and no heating device of 16L/kg；;
B) pulsator washing machine 22L/kg.
4.6.4 Other requirements for products shall comply with relevant provisions in GB/T 4288.
5 inspection method
5.1 Water-saving nozzle
5.1.1 Determination of flow rate
According to GB/T 18145? Test method of 7.4.3 in 2000.
5.1.2 Determination of primary water supply and water supply time of delayed self-closing nozzle
A) test device and instrument:
? Nozzle pressure testing machine (pressure and flow measurement accuracy 0.5).
? Stopwatch, measuring cylinder.
B) Test methods and steps:
? Install the time-delay self-closing water nozzle on the testing machine.
? Connect the water source, open the water tap, measure the water supply quantity and water supply time once with a simple dosage and a stopwatch, and take the average value for three times.
5.1.3 Detection of valve body strength
5.1.3.1 ceramic sealed water nozzle according to GB/T 18145? 7.4.1 in 2000.
5.1.3.2 non-ceramic sealed water nozzle according to QB/T 1334? 6.9 in 1998.
5.1.3.3 induction nozzle press CJ/T 3081? 7.3.1 in 1999.
5.1.4 Detection of sealing performance
5.1.4.1 ceramic sealed water nozzle according to GB/T 18145? 7.4.2 in 2000.
5.1.4.2 non-ceramic sealed water nozzle according to QB/T 1334? In 1998, the test was carried out as specified in 5.4.5.
5.1.4.3 induction nozzle press CJ/T 3081? 7.3.2 in 1999.
5.1.5 Switch life test
The service life of 5.1.5.1 ceramic sealed faucet switch is in accordance with GB/T 18145? In 2000, the regulations of 7.4.4.3 were tested.
The service life of non-ceramic sealed faucet switch in 5.1.5.2 is according to QB/T 1334? 5.4.5 in 1998 stipulated that the test should be carried out.
The service life of 5.1.5.3 induction water tap switch is in accordance with CJ/T 3081? In 1999, the test was carried out as specified in 7.2.4.
5.2 Water-saving toilet system
5.2.1 Test method
Connect the product to the water supply pipeline in use, turn on the flushing device under the condition that the static pressure is 0.14MPa and the dynamic pressure is not less than 0.10MPa, and check that there is no leakage in each connection part during a flushing cycle, and the water consumption can be adjusted to not more than 6L.
5.2.2 Flushing function
Under the conditions described in 5.2.l, carry out the following inspection.
5.2.2.1 solid emission inspection
100 &phi; 19mm polypropylene ball with bulk density of 0.85 g/cm3 ~ 0.90 g/cm3, put it gently into the toilet with full water seal, open the drain valve to flush with water, check and record the number of balls rushing out of the toilet, measure it three times in a row, and calculate the average number of balls rushing out of the toilet three times.
5.2.2.2 ink line test
Wipe the cleaning surface dry, draw a circle of ink lines along the cleaning surface 25mm below the toilet seat with a soft pen, flush immediately, and measure and record the length of ink lines remaining on the cleaning surface.
5.2.2.3 water seal depth and water seal recovery inspection;
A) the water seal depth shall be measured according to GB/T 6952? 6.7.1 in 1999.
B) water seal recovery measurement. During the solid discharge inspection (see 5.2.2.1), observe the water seal recovery after flushing, and if there is overflow at the sewage outlet, it indicates that the water seal is fully recovered. If there is no overflow, measure the remaining water seal depth and record it.
5.2.2.4 sewage discharge test according to GB/T 6952? 6.8 in 1999.
Test of conveying characteristics of drainage pipes in 5.2.2.5;
A) for the provisions of 4.3.3.2a), according to GB/T 6952? In 1999, the method specified in Appendix C was tested for 30 times, and the number of samples washed out each time, the total flushing water volume and the subsequent flushing water volume were recorded.
B) For the provisions of 4.3.3.3b), the inner diameter is &phi; 100mm drain pipe, the length of the drain pipe is 5m, and the downstream slope is 2.6%. When the toilet socket pipe is connected with the horizontal pipe, a 90 elbow is adopted, and the distance from the toilet outlet to the center of the horizontal pipe is 450mm. After the toilet products installed in use state are connected with the drainage pipe system without leakage, the toilet should be installed according to JC/T 856? Inspection specified in 5.1.6 in 2000.
The minimum pipe diameter of 5.2.2.6 trapway is tested according to GB/T 6952? In 1999, the provisions of the 6.7.2 for inspection.
5.2.3 The water absorption rate of the ceramic toilet is in accordance with GB/T 6952? The provisions of 6.5 in 1999 were tested.
5.2.4 The requirements of water tank fittings shall be inspected according to the relevant provisions of JC 707.
5.3 Water-saving toilet flushing valve
5.3.1 Determination of flow rate
A) test device and instrument:
? Flushing valve flow tester (pressure and flow measurement accuracy 0.5).
? Stopwatch, measurement Jane.
B) Test conditions: The pipe diameter specification of the water supply pipeline in front of the valve should take the previous specification size of the water inlet of the valve. The product specifications for the test are DN25, DN20 and DN15 respectively.
C) test methods and steps:
? Adjust the valve to the maximum flushing volume.
? Under the pressure of 0.3MPa, the flushing quantity and flushing time were measured for 3 times each, and the average value was taken.
5.3.2 Detection of valve body strength
A) Test device and instrument: flushing valve hydraulic strength tester (pressure measurement accuracy is 0.5) and stopwatch.
B) Test methods and steps:
? Connect the water inlet end of the valve with the water supply end of the testing machine according to the installation position of the valve.
? Close the disc, gradually increase the pressure to 0.9MPa, and maintain the pressure for more than 30s. Observe whether there is pressure drop on the pressure gauge, and check whether there is deformation and leakage on the valve body and joint. It is allowed to proceed with a single part.
? In case of pressurized leakage, allow the discharge to exhaust the residual gas in the valve before continuing the test.
5.3.3 Detection of sealing performance
A) Test device: flushing valve hydraulic sealing tester (pressure measurement accuracy is 0.5).
B) Test methods and steps:
? Install the valve at the water supply end of the testing machine according to the working state of the valve.
? When the pressure is 0.04MPa and 0.6MPa respectively, the flushing valve is drained, and there should be no leakage after self-closing. Repeat the opening and closing test for three times.
5.3.4 Life test
A) Equipment: Flushing valve life tester (pressure measurement accuracy is 0.5).
B) Test methods and steps:
Install the product to be tested on the testing machine, and connect the water supply pipeline. The water supply pressure is: dynamic pressure 0.3MPa, water temperature &le; At 50℃, after opening the valve core and self-closing, one action is completed, and the strength and sealing performance of the valve body are tested after reciprocating for 50 000 times.
5.3.5 Anti-siphon test
A) Test equipment and devices: as shown in Figure 1.
B) test conditions:
? Flushing valve with upper sealing structure shall be padded with &phi; 0.4mm～&phi; 0.8mm wire.
? The length of the transparent flushing pipe is not less than 500mm, and the submerged part is 100mm.
C) test methods and steps:
? Start the vacuum pump to make the vacuum degree of the pressure supply system not less than 0.08MPa.
? Open the valve to communicate the flushing valve with the water storage tank.
? Open the valve and observe whether there is backwater in the flushing pipe, and record the backwater height (the liquid level of the transparent flushing pipe is not higher than the liquid level of the container by 300mm).
5.3.6 Noise test.
The product is installed according to the state of use, the sound pressure level of ambient noise is not more than 15dB, and the inlet pressure is 0.1MPa and 0.6MPa respectively, and the noise measured at the distance from the valve body lm and higher than lm is the maximum of two times.
5.4 water-saving shower
5.4.1 Determination of flow rate
The flow of shower valve made in 5.4.1.1 shall be determined according to CJ/T 3008? In accordance with the provisions of article 5.5 of 1993.
Determination of shower nozzle flow in 5.4.1.2
A) equipment: CJ/T 3008? Water passing test system shown in Article 5.1.2 of 1993.
B) Test methods and steps:
? Connect the shower nozzle and the water test system with a pipe with a diameter of 15 mm.
? The shower valve is opened by water supply, and the shower is in use.
? Adjust the water inlet pressure of shower nozzle to 0.1MPa.
? Determine the unit time flow value.
5.4.2 The compressive strength of valve body shall be tested according to CJ/T 3008? Article 5.6 of 1993 stipulates that.
5.4.3 The sealing performance of valve body shall be tested according to CJ/T 3008? Article 5.7 of 1993 stipulates that.
5.4.4 Life test
Test the service life of shower valve body according to CJ/T 3008? The provisions of article 5.8 of 1993.
5.5 water-saving washing machine.
5.5.1 The ratio of rated washing water volume to rated washing capacity shall be in accordance with GB/T 4288? The provisions of the 6.3 calculation in 1992.
5.5.2 The washing ratio shall be determined according to GB/T 4288? In 1992, the test method specified in Appendix A was carried out.
5.5.3 The rinsing performance shall be tested according to 4.6.2 of this standard and GB/T 4288? In 1992, the test method in Appendix C was carried out.
5.5.4 Determination of water consumption per unit capacity
Determine the washing ratio according to the provisions of 5.5.2. Under the condition that the rated washing capacity and the highest water level of the washing machine to be tested complete the washing, rinsing and dehydration washing processes set by a washing machine program, the water consumption per unit capacity is calculated by Formula (1):
W=W1/M&hellip; &hellip; &hellip; &hellip; (1)
Where: w? ? Water consumption per unit capacity, l/kg;
W1? ? Total water consumption in a standard washing process of washing, rinsing and dehydration, l;
M? ? Rated washing capacity of washing machine, kg.
6 inspection rules
6.1 Water-saving faucet (faucet)
6.1.1 The ceramic sealed water nozzle conforms to the provisions of GB/T 18145.
6.1.2 Non-ceramic sealed water nozzle meets the requirements of QB/T 1334.
6.2 The inspection rules of urinal, water tank and fittings in water-saving urinal system shall be in accordance with GB/T 6952, JC 707 and JC/T856.
6.3 Water-saving toilet flushing valve meets the requirements of QB/T 3649.
6.4 The inspection rules of shower valve body conform to JG/T 3008.
6.5 The water-saving washing machine conforms to the provisions of GB/T 4288.

　　The reporter learned from the media briefing of the 2021 China International Fair for Trade in Services Telecom, Computer and Information Service Exhibition held on August 30th that the 2021 China International Fair for Trade in Services Telecom, Computer and Information Service Exhibition will be officially launched in Hall 9 of Beijing Shougang Park from September 3rd to 7th, showing the scientific and technological innovation and development achievements of the electronic information industry to the audience.

　　As one of the eight industry special exhibitions of this year’s Service Trade Fair, the special exhibition area of telecommunications, computer and information services is located in Hall 9 of Shougang Park, with a total exhibition area of 9,600 square meters. There are four characteristic sections: 5G communication service, information service, ultra-high definition audio-visual service and "carbon neutral" green technology service. There are 79 exhibitors, including 67 domestic exhibitors and 12 international exhibitors.

　　Four major operators jointly build a 5G telecom zone

　　The 5G communication service section will show the applications and cases of 5G in various fields. The plate focuses on "5G+ industry" and adopts the way of "exhibition+experience" to show the new applications, new markets and new prospects brought by 5G. The 5G communication service exhibition area creates an immersive sensory experience through a modern exhibition hall with a sense of science and technology. The exhibition area focuses on the high-tech elements of "Everything Smart" of 5G-related application services, and will also focus on the scene and physical display of typical 5G applications, while paying attention to the interactive experience of 5G and the immersive participation of visitors.

　　The information service section will show the application of new generation information technology and intelligent technology such as big data, artificial intelligence, industrial internet and intelligent robots in the field of urban environmental services.

　　The ultra-high-definition audio-visual service section will comprehensively display innovative technologies and products in all aspects of the industrial chain, such as video collection, production, transmission, presentation and application, covering all sub-categories of ultra-high-definition video and the whole upstream and downstream industrial chain of the industry. At the same time, it will also display the achievements of the ultra-high-definition video industry development pilot zone, 5G+8K innovation achievements, ultra-high-definition+application and other major industrial development achievements, and the only 5G+8K ultra-high-definition relay vehicle in the world will also be displayed on

　　The green technology service section of "Carbon Neutralization" will display mainstream cutting-edge technical services such as energy saving and carbon reduction, low-carbon technology, clean source application, energy storage technology, carbon capture and utilization (CCUS), carbon sink and ecological construction, and carbon market services to achieve the goal of "peak carbon dioxide emissions and Carbon Neutralization", and display high-level and high-standard green technologies through the mainstream formats of "peak carbon dioxide emissions and Carbon Neutralization" and forward-looking technical services to help "peak carbon dioxide emissions 2030"

　　Focus on frontier areas and highlight the level of internationalization

　　The special exhibition will focus on the frontier fields such as telecommunications, computers and information services, and focus on the new technologies, new products and new application scenarios of the industry, highlighting the highlights of internationalization, cutting-edge, interaction and transaction.

　　In order to improve the level of internationalization, 12 international enterprises and institutions, including Sony (China) Co., Ltd., Italian Robotics and Automation Association, institution of engineering and technology and ASEAN Intelligent Industry Federation, were invited to participate in the special exhibition. The major institutions and enterprises are aiming at the broad development prospects of telecommunications, computer and information services in China and the important opportunities for strengthening cooperation.

　　According to reports, the topic of telecommunications, computers and information services is planned to release seven achievements at this trade fair, including three achievements of clinching a deal. At present, the overall preparations for the exhibition are progressing smoothly, all the preparations have been made, and the enterprise exhibition is being carried out in an orderly manner. (Headquarters reporter Ji Lele Yu Jingjing)

　 　 　 　Only by reading this sentence, other friends must be very clear &mdash; &mdash; I’ve lost everything in this battle of pretending to be X. And this brother who posted it was nicknamed "Red Wall Brother" and "Terran Emperor" by others.

　 　 　 　In order to cooperate with the ridicule of other bar friends, Brother Red Wall himself has posted many times. It seems that he is "one-sided" but actually ridicules his response, which is a good show for many musicians.

　 　 　 　It is also the incomparable classic reply of Brother Red Wall, which gradually spread from the post bar and even spread to every corner of the Internet. Even when I was watching League of Legends World Series, I couldn’t escape the attack of the red wall sentence.

　 　 　 　Just when RNG was at T13: 0, a few bullets floated past, which made me feel a little sad at once.

　 　 　 　It seems that in just one night, this reply has become the famous stem of a hot Internet &mdash; &mdash; But even if a stalk is interesting, it will naturally rot if you talk too much.

　 　 　 　Soon, some people said that they felt uncomfortable at the sight of this sentence, and there was quite a case of "Juezi allergy" recurring. Brother Red Wall himself even replied, saying that he really didn’t expect such a ridicule to become like this, but now his brother’s post account seems to have been cancelled &mdash; &mdash; The appearance of "Brother Red Wall" was quite abrupt, which made people somewhat caught off guard, and this departure was even more surprising.

　 　 　 　However, it is also the time when the classic reply of Brother Red Wall triggered the imitation of the whole network. This post about the competitive power of giant red fish seems to have been completely ruined. The following is full of imitators of Brother Red Wall and similar sentences.

　 　 　 　But some people have new inspiration after this. Since "Wang Feng is here" can have a typical example like Brother Red Wall, why can’t other brothers who post it show their strength under this power post?

　 　 　 　For example, just let the elder brother of the fishing bar wave the fishing rod a few times. According to the theorem of "the fisherman will always be in the air force" and "the fisherman will do everything except fishing", this red fish quickly evacuated in order not to be transferred.

　 　 　 　What’s more, I think that only some brothers need to show their XP system, so that the fish can turn around and escape.

　 　 　 　Although Brother Red Wall’s reply has been widely circulated in just a few days, it has great potential to become the next "rotten stalk of the whole network", but some friends’ speeches are quite pertinent.

　 　 　 　After all, nowadays, when we talk about post bars, we will think of many sentence patterns full of rage and aggression. This sentence from Brother Red Wall is not only quite mild, but also just a joke with no practical significance.

　 　 　 　Of course, this red fish post can get widespread attention in "Wang Feng is in the bar", and even set off a discussion upsurge of the whole post bar, mainly because of the traditional culture of this post bar.

　 　 　 　Just listen to the name, I think many people will pop up many question marks: Wang Feng? Is Wang Feng here? This is a fan of singer Wang Feng, right? Why do you discuss these strange contents?

　 　 　 　But in fact, this post has nothing to do with Wang Feng himself. The reason why it has such a name is only because the original bar owners ID was "Wang Feng is here". The traditional culture of the whole post bar is: cross-border combat power competition regardless of region.

　 　 　 　For example, this ladder map of combat power, which is the most widely circulated in Wangba, can fully reflect the hobbies of these old friends, although it has different expressions with the "version update" and the selfishness of some bar friends.