Q:What are the nutrition and health problems of Shanghai residents?

A:It is not eating too much, but the dietary structure is unreasonable, mainly because there are less plant foods (cereals/vegetables/fruits) and more animal foods (livestock and poultry meat); The proportion of fat in diet is high, and the energy provided by fat is 38.0%, which exceeds the recommended upper limit of 30%.

First, the problem of overweight and obesity is prominent. As far as diet is concerned, the problem is unreasonable dietary structure (more animal food/less plant food, high fat ratio).

The overweight and obesity rate of Shanghai residents is 44.1%, which is close to the average level of cities in the national nutrition monitoring results from 2010 to 2013 (the overweight and obesity rate of big cities in China is 47.8%). Shanghai residents don’t eat too much. The energy intake of Shanghai residents is lower than that of 10 years ago, which may be related to the change of lifestyle, people no longer engaged in manual labor, and the decrease of energy demand, as well as the trend of energy intake of people found in international and our country’s nutrition monitoring.

There are many factors that cause obesity. As far as dietary factors are concerned, the main problem of Shanghai residents is the unreasonable dietary structure. The traditional Chinese diet mainly takes plant food (cereal is the staple food), which is rich in dietary fiber, which is beneficial to prevent chronic diseases. However, current monitoring shows that the intake of animal food in residents’ diet greatly exceeds the recommended level, while the intake of cereal has dropped significantly in the past 10 years, and the intake of vegetables and fruits is insufficient. Such a dietary structure contains less dietary fiber, which is not conducive to the prevention of chronic diseases. At the same time, the absorption rate of different foods in the human body is different. The current dietary structure may increase the absorption rate of food, which may lead to the increase in the overweight and obesity rate of residents.

On the other hand, the monitoring also found that the percentage of energy provided by residents’ fat was 38.0%, which was close to the average level of big cities (37.2%) in the national nutrition monitoring results from 2010 to 2013. In the recommendation of Dietary Guidelines for China Residents, the percentage of energy provided by dietary fat does not exceed 30%, which has now exceeded the upper limit by a lot. Animal foods, especially livestock and poultry meat, contain more saturated fat. The monitoring results show that the intake of livestock and poultry meat in Shanghai residents’ animal foods exceeds the recommended 61%.

Second, suggestions on unreasonable dietary structure: increase plant food, reduce animal food, and replace some livestock and poultry meat with aquatic products.

1. Increase the intake of plant foods such as cereals, vegetables and fruits.

In view of the dietary nutrition problems found by monitoring, it is suggested that residents gradually improve their dietary structure and increase the intake of plant foods such as coarse grains, vegetables and fruits. Usually, people’s food intake in a day is relatively stable. If the intake of plant food increases, the intake of animal food will decrease accordingly.

It is worth noting that in the past 10 years, the grain intake has dropped significantly. At present, the grain intake of residents is 189.6g, which only reaches 69% of the recommended intake (the recommended intake is 200-300g, compared with 275g/2200kcal). It is suggested that residents should increase the intake of cereals, and at the same time, they should match the thickness, and pay attention to increasing whole grains and miscellaneous beans, because cereals with high processing precision will cause high blood sugar response. Rice can be eaten with whole grains (brown rice), miscellaneous grains (oats, millet, buckwheat, corn, etc.) and miscellaneous beans (red beans, mung beans, kidney beans, flower beans, etc.).

2. Reduce animal food, you can choose aquatic products to replace some livestock and poultry meat.

At the same time, it advocates food diversification. In view of the problem of excessive intake of livestock and poultry meat by Shanghai residents, it is recommended that residents can choose aquatic products to replace some livestock and poultry meat. Livestock and poultry meat contains saturated fat, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and tumors. Aquatic products contain unsaturated fat, which is beneficial to health.

Finally, it is recommended to choose at least 12 different foods every day to prevent the risk of chronic diseases caused by possible nutritional deficiency or excess.

Third, the rising trend of overweight and obesity among students has not been curbed, and sugary drinks are widely consumed. Excessive drinking of sugary drinks is one of the risk factors of overweight and obesity, so it is suggested that students should be controlled to drink sugary drinks.

There are many factors that cause overweight and obesity, except the unreasonable dietary structure mentioned just now. In addition, there are differences between primary and secondary school students and adults. This monitoring found that it is common for primary and secondary school students to drink sugary drinks. 74.6% primary and middle school students drink sugary drinks more than once a week, and 36.5% primary and middle school students often drink them. It is more common for high school students to drink sugary drinks, and 62.5% of them often drink them. There are also a few students who drink sugary drinks every day. 20.9% of primary and secondary school students drink sugary drinks more than once a day, and the proportion of high school students is even higher. There are 41.5% of high school students who drink sugary drinks more than once a day.

The Dietary Guidelines for China Residents (2016 Edition) recommends that children and adolescents prefer boiled water to sugary drinks every day. Drinking sugary drinks does not produce satiety, resulting in excessive intake of sugar and energy. According to literature reports, excessive intake of sugary drinks can easily lead to various diseases such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and blood lipid problems.

It is suggested that primary and secondary school students should be restricted from drinking sugary drinks, students should be encouraged not to drink sugary drinks, and extra sugar and energy intake should be reduced. Parents and school teachers should be aware of the influence of sugary drinks on children’s overweight and obesity. It is suggested that schools should encourage students not to bring sugary drinks into school, schools should not provide sugary drinks for sale, and widely carry out health knowledge propaganda on restricting sugary drinks in schools.

4. The intake of oil and salt in Shanghai has obviously decreased in recent 10 years, thanks to the measures to control oil and salt in Shanghai, but the current intake of oil and salt is still higher than the recommended level, and it is necessary to continue to strengthen intervention.

Our diet is mainly salty, and frying, frying and frying are common cooking methods. Excessive intake of cooking oil and salt in the diet is one of the important factors causing hyperlipidemia and hypertension. According to the monitoring results, the daily per capita intake of cooking oil and salt is 36.4g and 7.5g, respectively, which are 21% and 24% lower than the survey data 10 years ago, and 11% and 16% lower than the national average of big cities.

We compared the trend of oil and salt intake in Shanghai in recent 10 years, and found that it was obviously decreasing. At the same time, we also looked at the trend of oil and salt intake in urban areas of China in recent 10 years, but there was no obvious downward or upward trend, and it remained basically stable. This difference in trend should be attributed to the health education and intervention on oil and salt control led by the Shanghai Municipal Government in the past 10 years, such as the distribution of "salt control spoons" and "oil control pots" throughout the city in 2008 and 2009, so that the vast number of Shanghai residents can truly experience the quantitative concept of "eating less salt and putting less oil" and turn the traditional propaganda slogan into a reality for residents.

Residents’ intake of cooking oil and salt decreased obviously, thanks to various health education and intervention led by the Shanghai municipal government in the past 10 years, which is a good aspect. On the other hand, we should also see that the intake of oil and salt for eating at home is still higher than the recommended standard. The recommended daily intake of oil and salt is no more than 25 grams per day, and the current intake of cooking oil and salt for residents is still far from the recommended level. Measures to control oil and salt should continue to be strengthened.

5. At present, it is common for residents to eat out (61% residents eat out). In addition to traditional intervention in family cooking, institutions such as restaurants and canteens should be intervened in the future.

From the monitoring data, we also found that the current rate of residents eating out is 61%, which is much higher than the national rate of urban residents eating out of 42%. The people who eat out in Shanghai are mainly young people aged 15-44. People used to eat at home, but now they eat out more and more. We can also see from ourselves that prepackaged foods (that is, packaged food, such as cakes, bread, sausages, etc.) has become a new choice. The development of science and technology has made life more convenient, and the rise of new consumption methods such as take-away and online shopping has affected the traditional family cooking habits. These changes pose new challenges to traditional nutrition intervention strategies.

The monitoring also found that the sodium intake of Shanghai residents was 4927.2mg, which was nearly 1.5 times higher than the recommended level. Excessive intake of sodium is closely related to the increase of blood pressure and the occurrence of hypertension. At present, the sodium intake of residents through salt accounts for 3/5 of the total sodium intake. Besides salt, sodium comes from salty condiments (such as soy sauce, monosodium glutamate, etc.), semi-finished dishes, pickled products, snacks, etc. (common sweet preserves also contain a lot of sodium), and vegetables also contain a certain amount of sodium. In the past, we actively advocated reducing salt intake, which can reduce sodium intake. As mentioned just now, residents’ eating style has changed. More and more people eat out, and they choose more packaged foods. In order to control the intake of sodium, besides controlling the intake of salt, they also reasonably choose condiments, packaged foods and snacks containing sodium.

In the past, our intervention measures to control oil and salt covering the whole city have made great achievements, but the intake of oil and salt for residents to eat at home is still higher than the recommended level. For future intervention and publicity, we will continue to strengthen the implementation of intervention measures to control oil and salt. On the other hand, we will also keep pace with the times, not only to continue to publicize the knowledge of reasonable nutrition for residents, but also with the popularity of residents eating out. Centralized dining halls, restaurants, take-away service providers, and prepackaged foods enterprises will also be the key targets for nutrition promotion in the future, advocating the supply of catering and food with "reducing salt, limiting oil and reducing blood sugar", encouraging dining places to carry out nutrition propaganda, formulating easy-to-understand nutrition labels in prepackaged foods, and guiding residents to choose food reasonably.

In addition, it is recommended that everyone eat at home, adhere to the habit of cooking at home with less oil and salt, and at the same time, eating at home also promotes the emotional exchange and promotion of family members.

6. Insufficient calcium intake is common, and residents drink less milk every day. It is suggested that residents increase the frequency of drinking milk and increase the intake of soybeans and bean products.

Our traditional Chinese diet is mainly based on plant food, which is conducive to the prevention of chronic diseases, but it also has an obvious defect, lacking a good source of calcium. Milk is a good source of calcium, and Chinese diet does not contain milk. A good phenomenon found in this monitoring is that residents have the habit of drinking milk, 41.6% residents consume milk every day, and 71.4% students consume milk every day. However, 86.8% residents still have insufficient calcium intake. Milk supplements the calcium that is insufficient in daily diet. Calcium is an integral part of bones and teeth, and it is an important nutrient for physical growth and bone development. Calcium deficiency will affect normal growth and development and cause osteoporosis. The Dietary Guidelines for China Residents (2016 Edition) recommends that each person should take 800mg of calcium daily, and students in the growth stage need 1000-1200mg. Every 100ml of milk contains about 104mg of calcium. In addition to the calcium in daily diet, 300ml of milk is needed every day. At present, the monitoring results show that the daily milk intake is insufficient. The average daily milk intake of residents is 97ml, and that of primary and secondary school students is 150ml.

Encourage residents to increase the amount of milk they drink. If the single intake is small, they can increase the number of times they drink milk, improve the calcium intake level and ensure the normal demand of the body. People who are lactose intolerant can choose low lactose milk or yogurt. At the same time, soybeans or bean products are also a good source of calcium. The Dietary Guide for Residents in China recommends that they consume 25g soybeans or a considerable amount of bean products every day. At present, residents’ intake of soybeans and bean products is less than half of the recommended amount. It is suggested that residents increase their intake of soybeans or bean products.

　　China Southern Airlines: As the first flight company, China Southern Airlines dispatched the Airbus A380, which is known as the "Big Mac in the Air". It is the largest civil airliner in the world, with a length of 73 meters and a wingspan of 79 meters. The flight test of A380 can comprehensively test whether Daxing International Airport meets the guarantee requirements of 4F-class airport.

　　Xiamen Airlines: The United Nations painted Boeing 787-9 aircraft. Xiamen Airlines chose the only officially confirmed United Nations painted Boeing 787-9 aircraft in the world. As the "air image ambassador" of Xiamen Airlines to promote the sustainable development of the United Nations, the aircraft has successively launched themed flights such as "climate change" and "underwater creatures and terrestrial creatures", which is in line with the green construction characteristics of Daxing Airport. Photo courtesy/Xinhua News Agency

　　Air China: 747-8 Long-range Wide-body Airliner Air China has launched the Boeing 747-8 Long-range Wide-body Airliner, the main type of wide-body airliner. This model has carried out the verification test flight of the new runway of Chongqing Airport. The fuselage is 78.3 meters long and can carry 365 passengers.

　　At 9: 29 on May 13th, an Airbus A380 of China Southern Airlines landed smoothly on the west runway of Beijing Daxing International Airport. Subsequently, Airbus A350-900 of China Eastern Airlines, Boeing B747-8 of international airlines and Boeing B787-9 of Xiamen Airlines also landed on the runways of Beijing Daxing International Airport in the second, first and first runways. For this test flight, the four airlines involved did not dare to "neglect" and all took out their own housekeeping models.

　　Beijing Daxing International Airport began to verify the real aircraft, and the flight test of flight procedures officially kicked off, which marked that the focus of Beijing Daxing International Airport shifted from infrastructure construction to preparation for operation and navigation. The Beijing Youth Daily reporter was informed that China Southern Airlines will build a "dual hub" in Beijing and Guangzhou in the future, Air China will get a 10% share of Daxing Airport, Xiamen Airlines will transfer to Daxing Airport in March next year, and China Eastern Airlines will build a "four-in and four-out" flight wave & HELIP; … After the opening of Beijing Daxing International Airport, passengers will have a better flight experience.

　　site

　　The plane and crew passed the "test"

　　For Daxing Airport, the test flight is similar to "rushing for the exam", and the plane and crew are "examiners". The test of flight test content is a comprehensive test of airport air flight procedures and ground operation procedures. The "Regulations on the Management of Transport Airport Construction" clearly stipulates that flight test is one of the necessary conditions for issuing airport use permits.

　　On May 13th, four airlines, including China Southern Airlines, China Eastern Airlines, Air China and Xiamen Airlines, carried out verification flight tests on some flight procedures of Beijing Daxing International Airport.

　　At 9: 03, the A380 passenger plane of China Southern Airlines took off from the Capital Airport from south to north. Subsequently, the verified flights of China Eastern Airlines, Air China and Xiamen Airlines took off from the middle runway of the Capital Airport in turn and flew to Daxing Airport under the command of the terminal controller of North China Air Traffic Control Bureau.

　　"South 7777, Super, Daxing Tower welcomes you. Corrected sea pressure 1014, CAVOK, ground wind 200, 4 meters seconds, runway 35R, can land. " At 9: 29, China Southern Airlines A380 landed smoothly as instructed by the controller of Daxing Tower. Subsequently, the tower controller instructed him to slide to the designated place according to the predetermined route.

　　After that, the flights of China Eastern Airlines, Air China and Xiamen Airlines landed on the corresponding runways in turn to carry out ground support verification.

　　At 10: 57, four planes took off from Daxing Airport in turn. With the cooperation of the tower, approach, area controller and Tianjin Air Traffic Control Branch, the flight test verified the departure and arrival flight procedures of Daxing Airport. At 12: 36, the plane returned to the Capital Airport and landed. This verification flight test was successfully completed.

　　Daxing International Airport is the highest 4F-class airport in the classification of airport support level, and its runway length, wingspan and wheel track that can support take-off and landing aircraft rank first among all airports at present. Therefore, the test flight selected four representative large-scale dual-channel aircraft from four different airlines and covered four runways to carry out "stress test" in order to fully verify the operational support capability of Daxing Airport. Ensuring the safe operation of these aircraft means that Daxing International Airport can also successfully ensure the safe operation of all aircraft in the world today.

　　lineup

　　Unit with "experience value" of 70,000 hours

　　In view of this verification flight, China Eastern Airlines made a comprehensive evaluation of all aircraft types, and selected the newly introduced flagship A350-900 aircraft to participate in the verification test flight. In addition to the advanced flight control system, the cockpit of this aircraft is also equipped with dual HUD (Head-up Display), which can display the flight track information, navigation information and external flight scenes on the display screen, which improves the pilot’s perception of the environment and helps to complete multiple verification flight test subjects.

　　China Eastern Airlines selected a four-person test flight crew led by Airbus A350 pilot Wu Kun and A350 captain Hou Dandong. The four captains are all senior captains, with a total flight time of nearly 70,000 hours.

　　At the same time, China Southern Airlines also sent four senior captains and a co-pilot to form the main test flight crew, which was led by Wang Renjie, the operation director of China Southern Airlines. All four captains have rich flight experience, and have served as captains for more than 15 years, with an average flight time of more than 17,000 hours. The crew with such a "luxury" configuration can be called a "flying dream combination".

　　Air China has selected a senior captain with excellent technology and rich flight experience, who has participated in important flight support tasks many times, and has many experience in delivery test flight and "D inspection" test flight as the test flight crew. The test flight crew consists of three B747 pilots: Zhang Hengwen, Zhou Zaiming and Lian Xin. At the same time, Air China also arranged a backup unit for this test flight.

　　In this test flight, Xiamen Airlines sent four excellent pilot teams. Mao Jun, general manager of Xiamen Airlines Flight Corps, was the leader, and two senior 787 captain instructors, Xu Yuanzhi and Cheng Mengjiao, and an excellent co-pilot Yang Bo were in charge of the flight.

　　feeling

　　Some flights can save 20 minutes.

　　Zhang Mao, the captain in charge of the flight test crew of China Southern Airlines, told the Beijing Youth Daily reporter after the flight test: "The overall flight test process is stable and smooth, the route design is optimized and reasonable, and all navigation and support facilities are running smoothly, which fully meets the navigation conditions."

　　Zhang Mao said that Daxing Airport is located at the junction of Daxing in Beijing and Langfang in Hebei, and its geographical location and airspace structure determine its unique advantages: the flight time from Daxing Airport to the south-central and southwest directions is 10 to 20 minutes shorter than that of the Capital Airport. Similarly, the flight time for flights from Central South and Southwest China to Daxing Airport is also 10 to 20 minutes shorter than that of Capital Airport.

　　follow-up

　　North China air traffic control bureau makes a test flight report

　　The flight procedures are mainly designed by the air traffic control department, and the test flight is to verify the reliability and rationality of these new "sky roads". Daxing Airport has added 94 flight procedures, and North China Air Traffic Control Bureau is the "designer" of the flight procedures of Daxing Airport.

　　Yan Xiaodong, deputy director of the North China Air Traffic Control Bureau, said in an interview that the flight program design is not isolated, and a slight change may trigger a "butterfly effect". On the surface, Daxing Airport is only newly built, but there are 24 airports involved in adjusting flight programs in North China and 9 in East China, Central South, Northwest China and Northeast China. The Air Traffic Control Bureau of the Civil Aviation Administration is the "chief designer" of the whole flight program adjustment. Flight test is an important prerequisite for the approval of flight procedures and the acceptance of related industries, which is of great significance to the airport sailing.

　　The reporter of Beiqing Daily learned from the North China Air Traffic Control Bureau that the bureau will adjust the flight procedures and form a final flight procedure report according to the results of this verification flight. Only after the flight procedures are officially approved can Daxing Airport be successfully navigable.

　　node

　　A full-scale test flight will be conducted from August to September.

　　This test flight is the most important node task before the acceptance of Daxing International Airport. According to the plan, the test flight of Daxing International Airport will be divided into three stages: the basic test flight will be carried out on May 13th, mainly to test the general security of the airport; In August, a special flight test of low visibility will be carried out at the airport, aiming to make the low visibility operation capacity of Daxing International Airport reach the highest level in the world. A comprehensive test flight will be carried out from August to September to ensure that the air-ground coordination is smooth and efficient after the airport is put into operation.

　　The reporter of Beiqing Daily learned from the Civil Aviation Administration that the next low-visibility special test flight will also become the highlight of the test flight of Daxing International Airport. The test flight of Daxing International Airport in August will test the HURVR 75-meter technology, which represents the most advanced level of low-visibility take-off of aircraft in the world. At present, there is no airport in China that uses this technology.

　　At present, the three-character code and four-character code of Daxing International Airport have been approved by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the Air Traffic Control Bureau of the Civil Aviation Administration respectively. The Airport Operation Manual and its annexes have passed the preliminary examination of compliance. So far, more than 50 domestic and foreign airlines have expressed their willingness to enter Beijing Daxing International Airport, including more than 30 Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan airlines and foreign airlines.

　　In addition, in order to better match the operation of China Southern Airlines A380, Daxing International Airport Terminal has set up six parking stands that match the huge size of A380, and each parking stand has specially designed docking covered bridges with different heights for A380′ s three doors, which can connect A380′ s lower left door, left second door and upper left door, so that passengers can board and leave the plane quickly in layers.

　　It can be said that the air route to Beijing is shortened, the ground taxiing time is reduced, and the passenger flight experience is improved. After China Southern Airlines enters Daxing International Airport, it will bring better flight experience to the passengers.

　　Prospect of stationing in

　　China Southern Airlines builds a "double hub" of Beiguang.

　　China Southern Airlines owns 40% of the time resources at Beijing Daxing International Airport, and will undertake 40% of the air passenger business of Beijing Daxing International Airport in the future. It is the main base airline with the largest share of time resources, the widest flight network coverage and the largest number of passengers carried by Beijing Daxing International Airport. According to the development plan, by 2025, China Southern Airlines is expected to put more than 200 aircraft into Beijing Daxing International Airport, with more than 900 daily take-off and landing flights.

　　At present, the preparatory work for the construction of China Southern Airlines project and the transition operation has entered the sprint stage, ensuring that it is completed and put into operation simultaneously with Daxing Airport.

　　The reporter of Beiqing Daily learned that the construction of China Southern Airlines in Daxing International Airport Base in Beijing includes five functional areas: maintenance facilities, single shift dormitory, aviation food facilities, operation and security housing and freight facilities, with a total of 6 plots and 36 single buildings. It has the largest hangar in Asia, the largest operation control center in Asia and the largest aviation food production base in Asia.

　　Among them, the No.1 hangar of the maintenance facility project has a span of 405 meters and a maintenance hall of 40 meters high, which can accommodate 2 Airbus 380, 3 Boeing 777s and 3 narrow-body aircraft at the same time, or 12 320 series narrow-body passenger aircraft at the same time. It is the largest hangar with the largest span and single construction scale in Asia. The construction scale of aviation food facilities is 92,200 square meters, with a daily production capacity of 100,000 copies and a peak daily production capacity of 180,000 copies, which can meet all the aviation food demand of Daxing International Airport in the initial operation. The construction scale of the Operation and Support Project is about 500,000 square meters. It integrates functional modules such as operation control, hub ground control and maintenance control to realize centralized and unified control of flight scheduling, field operation and maintenance operation, and will build the largest aviation operation control center in Asia.

　　Xiamen Airlines will make a one-time transition next year.

　　Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is the key node of Xiamen Airlines’ "one axis and two wings" strategic layout. As early as 2014, Xiamen Airlines established its Beijing branch and acquired Hebei Airlines, becoming the only airline in the civil aviation industry to realize the comprehensive layout of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. At present, Xiamen Airlines’ market share in Beijing is constantly expanding, with 15 related routes in Beijing, with an annual passenger traffic of nearly 3 million passengers.

　　According to the plan, Hebei Airlines, a subsidiary of Xiamen Airlines, will become the airline company of Daxing Airport in 2019. Xiamen Airlines is scheduled to transfer to Daxing Airport in March 2020. In terms of capacity, Xiamen Airlines will invest 17 capacity in Daxing Airport in 2020; In 2025, it is planned to invest 30 aircraft, including Hebei Airlines and Jiangxi Airlines, with a total capacity of about 50 aircraft.

　　China Eastern Airlines "four in and four out" flight waves

　　China Eastern Airlines’ initial infrastructure investment is estimated to be 13.2 billion yuan, and the overall investment scale in the future will exceed 120 billion yuan, of which the capital construction investment scale will exceed 20 billion yuan, and the operating fleet investment scale will be nearly 100 billion yuan.

　　On June 29, 2017, the construction of China Eastern Airlines Beijing New Airport Base project officially started. Up to now, the total construction area of the first phase project is 470,000 square meters, and nearly 90% of the engineering quantity has been completed. The second phase project of 700,000 square meters has also been fully started on March 16, 2019.

　　China Eastern Airlines’ Independent Popular Economy Airline Brand — — China United Airlines Co., Ltd. will realize the "overnight transition" and become the first airline to be stationed and operated in Beijing Daxing International Airport. China Eastern Airlines’ routes in Beijing (except the Beijing-Shanghai Express) quickly shifted and completed the transition, and it is expected that all the transitions will be in Daxing in the summer and autumn season of 2020; China Eastern’s international partner airlines will also gradually move to Beijing Daxing International Airport.

　　China Eastern Airlines will build a "four-in and four-out" flight wave at Beijing Daxing International Airport, and include the flights from SkyTeam member airlines and domestic and foreign partner airlines to Daxing into the flight connection plan. In terms of domestic routes, China Eastern Airlines, Shanghai Airlines and China United Airlines, which belong to China Eastern Airlines, focus on building business routes from Beijing Daxing to Shanghai, Kunming, Xi ‘an, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Chengdu, Chongqing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and gradually reach the scale of starting more than 5 flights a day in the first two years after sailing; Domestic provincial capital cities and airports above 10 million have achieved full coverage. In terms of international routes, major routes such as Paris, London, Sydney and Tokyo were opened in the early stage. By 2025, China Eastern Airlines will put 180 to 200 aircraft into Beijing Daxing International Airport, and together with the capacity of global partners, it is estimated that the daily average number of flights will exceed 650, and the route network will cover major domestic markets in China, as well as important global aviation hubs such as Paris, Amsterdam, Detroit, Seattle and Seoul. Taking off from Daxing, China Eastern Airlines will build a higher-level global network, build a higher-quality "Silk Road in the Air" and make Beijing the best and most convenient aviation gateway in the world.

　　This edition/Beijing Youth Daily reporter Lin Lishuang coordinator/Yu Meiying

　　Photography (except signature)/Beijing Youth Daily reporter Wei Tong

8 tips for running no matter how far you are! Learn in 3 minutes, easily run for 10 kilometers, and the fat reduction effect is particularly good!
It’s not easy to make content, thank you for moving your hands, like+collection support! Let’s talk about it next!
Pre-run skills:
17 minutes full, and exercise 30 minutes after meals.
Don’t eat greasy and indigestible things before running! To avoid hypoglycemia, a cup of black coffee and two slices of whole wheat bread are good choices!
2 Warm-up skills before running
Remember to collect the 6 moves you must do before running, and the national team is also using them!
A. Walking around the thigh
B. Hold your legs while walking
C. Hip abduction during marching
D. Hold your head and touch your knees while moving.
E. Raise your legs during the journey
F. Kicking after moving.
3 Running shoes selection skills
Remember this formula! The choice of BMI<24 is lightweight cushioning running shoes; 24<=BMI<=28 Choose heavy running shoes; If BMI>28, don’t run, you need to lose weight before running!
I wore Anta Hydrogen Run 4.0 today and just finished 10 kilometers! Run very lightly! I want to recommend it to boys and girls with normal weight!
Running skills:
4 jogging for the first 2 kilometers (a better way to lose weight: Tolek running+maximum aerobic heart rate running)
Recommend two professional running methods, you can run more effectively and reduce fat better!
A. Tolek runs for 1 minute, runs fast, and jogs for 1 minute.
B. Maximum aerobic heart rate Keep your heart rate below 180- your age when running.
5 Breathing skills
Keep breathing in two steps and breathing in two steps when running, and you will find it easier and more carefree!
6-step frequency technique
Keep the pace frequency of the first runner between 170 and 180, and you will save more effort! A pair of lightweight running shoes will also help you improve your pace!
Post-run skills:
7 run and then walk for 2 minutes.
Don’t stop at once after running! Walking for 2 minutes is good for heart health and slow down the heart rate!
8 stretching skills after running
If you don’t stretch after running, your muscles will be stiff, your legs will be thick and your pain will come! These six must do stretching, remember to put them away!
A. Stretching the front thigh (20 seconds left and 20 seconds right)
B. Stretching the back of thigh (20 seconds left and 20 seconds right)
C. Stretching the front side of the calf (20 seconds left and 20 seconds right)
D. Stretching the back of calf (20 seconds left and 20 seconds right)
E. Hip stretching (20 seconds left and 20 seconds right)
F stretching iliopsoas muscle (20 seconds left and 20 seconds right)
Finally, three suggestions for beginners:
1 Don’t run every day! Otherwise, almost 100% will encounter pain.
Step by step: increase the running volume by 10% every week! Not 5 kilometers today, 10 kilometers tomorrow.
3 wear professional running shoes! Can better protect your ankles and knees.

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　　Because of the existence of China Women’s Volleyball Team, China people have always maintained deep feelings for volleyball, and the talent training and sustainable development of China volleyball have also been highly concerned.

　　However, in terms of the professional development of the project, China volleyball and the other two big ball projects &mdash; &mdash; There is still a big gap between football and basketball.

　　Insiders pointed out that the sustainable development of volleyball in China can not be separated from the growth of campus volleyball, considering the characteristics of volleyball and the development experience of some developed countries. At present, more system construction and policy support are needed in this field.

　　Shi Yongming, the former head coach of Beijing Women’s Volleyball Team, who has been engaged in school volleyball for a long time, brought out the men’s volleyball team of the middle school affiliated to Beijing Institute of Technology, which was once famous in the domestic volleyball field.

　　After 2018, Shi Yongming left the front line of the school volleyball team due to injury, but before that, Shi Yongming had been a middle school volleyball coach for more than 10 years.

　　What makes Shi Yongming proud is that over the years, many professional volleyball players have come out from the men’s volleyball team of the middle school affiliated to Beijing Institute of Technology, and almost all the players have passed the university as they wish, among which there are not a few students who have entered famous universities such as Tsinghua University and China Renmin University.

　　Shi Yongming told reporters that children who play volleyball have a way out, which is the key factor to attract children to participate in volleyball and the school to support volleyball.

　　"Volleyball itself is also a sport that tests the IQ of athletes," Shi Yongming said. Although the physical condition of volleyball players is very important, the IQ and education level of athletes can not be ignored.

　　Shi Yongming recalled to reporters his experience of leading the men’s volleyball team of the middle school affiliated to Beijing Institute of Technology to participate in a national competition &mdash; &mdash; At that time, the physical conditions of many teams participating in the competition were superior to those of the men’s volleyball team in the middle school attached to Beijing Institute of Technology, which made the children of the men’s volleyball team in the middle school attached to Beijing Institute of Technology afraid.

　　Shi Yongming told them that volleyball can’t be played well just by the height of the players, and athletes with good physical conditions may not know volleyball better. In that competition, the men’s volleyball team attached to the Middle School of Beijing Institute of Technology finally broke into the top five. This unexpected achievement not only greatly enhanced the confidence of the players, but also made them understand volleyball better.

　　Shi Yongming said that the achievements of some foreign teams have shown that volleyball is not only about athletes’ bodies, but the rise of Thai women’s volleyball team is a good example.

　　Shi Yongming believes that whether volleyball players can use their brains to play ball is closely related to their education level, which makes him firmly believe that the future of volleyball in China lies in the campus.

　　In fact, from the current training of volleyball reserve talents in China, it is also the wish of many young volleyball players to go to college with their volleyball expertise.

　　Chen Wang, head coach of Beijing Youth Women’s Volleyball Team, recently told reporters that young women’s volleyball players are between the ages of 15 and 18, which is the age when they are ready to take the university entrance exam. Most parents of the players at this age have the hope that their children will take the university entrance exam.

　　If parents think that continuing to take the volleyball road is not conducive to their children’s college entrance examination, then they will often let their children give up volleyball.

　　Chen Wang said that the players of Beijing Young Women’s Volleyball Team mainly come from sports schools in various districts of Beijing, traditional volleyball schools in middle schools and selected from other places, but no matter which channel the players are transported from, their families will basically consider their children’s going to college.

　　"So, on the one hand, from our Beijing Youth Team, the players are both training and learning, ensuring that the players are trained and studied for half a day; On the other hand, we are constantly conveying a message to the parents of the players: it is not contradictory for children to take the volleyball professional road and go to college. "

　　"We have a lot of volleyball players who are college students, and the state has preferential policies for excellent athletes to attend universities without examination. It is completely a misunderstanding of parents that children can only choose between becoming professional volleyball players and going to college. "

　　In addition, Chen Wang also hopes that parents can notice that sports also bring children the shaping of will quality, sense of honor, values and other aspects, which can provide hidden bonus points for children to better go to society in the future.

　　Another place worthy of parents’ attention is that the sports industry is a sunrise industry in China. Keeping children’s sports expertise will help them to have wider career choices in the future.

　　Students from Zhangye Middle School in Gansu Province are having a volleyball friendly match on the playground.

　　In 1990s, the professionalization reform of volleyball in China started immediately after football and basketball, but today, there is still a significant gap between the professionalization development of volleyball in China and football and basketball. The relatively weak professionalism makes the future development of volleyball in China more prominent in the construction of school volleyball system.

　　According to Li Shiguang, a physical education teacher and volleyball coach in high school affiliated to renmin university of china, the promotion of volleyball in primary and secondary schools is accelerating. For example, there was no volleyball in physical education class, but in the new curriculum standard, small volleyball will be taught in physical education class from the third grade, which can be said to be a "zero" breakthrough in the school teaching system.

　　Li Shiguang said that small volleyball is not only different from adult volleyball in name, but also has corresponding standards in terms of venue, equipment, teaching and competition according to children’s age and physical and mental characteristics.

　　It is expected that small volleyball will be launched in qualified schools in China as soon as the spring semester starts in 2023.

　　Li Shiguang has been a school volleyball coach for more than 20 years. He believes that children are a blank sheet of paper, and they can be interested in any sport. As far as volleyball is concerned, what children need is the opportunity to contact, understand and learn volleyball.

　　The most important thing for the development of volleyball is the increase of volleyball population. Only when the volleyball population is large can more volleyball athletes be selected.

　　On the other hand, only with a large volleyball population can we better cultivate volleyball culture and let more people understand volleyball, not just watch it.

　　According to the statistics of China Volleyball Association, in recent years, the scale of volleyball reserve talents in China is on the rise.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of the Youth Training Department of China Volleyball Association, China Volleyball Association has promoted the further development of youth volleyball in China by increasing the number of teams of young age groups in the National Games, canceling the entry barriers of national U-series volleyball events, transferring coaches from the top teams of national middle school students to the national team, and launching national small volleyball summer camps and championship activities.

　　However, affected by the change of enrollment policy for sports specialty students, there are still many difficulties in establishing a one-stop training system for volleyball talents from primary school to middle school to university.

　　Shi Yongming believes that the most important position for the long-term development of volleyball in China is on campus. The cultivation of volleyball competitive talents needs to pay equal attention to sports training and cultural education. At the same time, the most potential group to increase the volleyball population is students.

According to the information of official website of the Central Institute of Socialism, Xu Shaogang, who was the director of the office of the Central Institute of Socialism before, has become a member of the party group and dean of the institute, ranking among the leaders of the institute.

Xu Shaogang, male, Han nationality, born in September 1971, Luoyang, Henan Province, joined the Party in April 1991, and joined the work in July 1991. He is a doctoral student majoring in Marxist philosophy at the Graduate School of the Central Party School.

He has served as the deputy director of the editorial department of Political Science Research in the Institute of Political Science of China Academy of Social Sciences, the deputy researcher of the comprehensive group of the research office of the Central Office, the deputy director-level cadre of the comprehensive group of the research office of the Central Office, the deputy inspector of the research office of the Central Office, and the deputy inspector of the supervision and inspection office of the Secretariat of the Central Office. In 2016, he was appointed as the standing Committee member and deputy mayor of Siping Municipal Committee of Jilin Province, and later served as the director of the office of the Central Institute of Socialism.

The Central Institute of Socialism is a United front political college led by the Communist Party of China (CPC), a joint party school of democratic parties and personages without party affiliation, the main front for United front personnel education and training, an important department to carry out the party’s United front work, and an important part of the party and state cadre education and training system.

It is worth mentioning that during his tenure in Siping, Xu Shaogang was reported by People’s Daily for dealing with the problem of "making the secretary of the municipal party committee and the mayor climb the window to go to work".

In 1980s and 1990s, Siping Scientific Research Institute was once the most productive institution and large taxpayer in the city, and it was "a good unit that many people tried to get in". Before the wage reform in 2001, the average monthly salary of scientific research institutes had reached more than 2,000 yuan, more than double that of government agencies. However, it is such a "fat as oil" scientific research unit. Due to the former "corrupt" successors of two presidents and a group of cadres, the solid financial resources were squandered in just 10 years, and the former "star enterprise" became a "rat nest" where corrupt elements swaggered through the city and bad style became popular.

Leadership corruption, family ruin, rampant unhealthy practices, and distracted people, the research institute finally fell into a situation of long-term suspension of production and shutdown, with a debt of more than 80 million yuan. By March 2016, the enterprise owed employees nearly 14 million yuan in social security fees and 700,000 yuan in medical insurance fees. The employees had not been paid for nine consecutive months, and even the funeral expenses could not be paid. Some employees can’t retire at retirement age because of social security debts …

The report mentioned that in order to "seek a way out", some employees began to petition. Ma Li, vice president of the Academy, told reporters that since 2010, petitions have been sporadic, and in 2012, large-scale group visits have appeared. On several occasions, even the municipal party committee and the municipal government were blocked for a long time. At that time, the secretary of the municipal party committee and the mayor could only jump in and out of the office on the first floor when going to work, and lunch was served with hanging baskets. By the beginning of 2016, petitioners had visited the city, the province and Beijing for nearly 400 times.

"We ran all over the relevant departments, but we were kicked around like a ball." Yu Fei, the head of the trade union of the Research Institute and the petition leader of that year, said, "In those days, we found the deputy mayor in charge, but said that another deputy mayor was in charge. When we found another deputy mayor, we said that we still had to find the deputy mayor in charge."

"This’ mess’ of the research institute must be solved!" At the beginning of 2016, the Siping Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government decided to hand over the Municipal Science and Technology Bureau to Xu Shaogang, who has just been appointed as the Standing Committee of the Municipal Party Committee and deputy mayor. Zhao Xiaojun, secretary of the municipal party Committee, said, "We consider that Comrade Shao Gang is a cadre on the job and has no intersection with Siping, so it is convenient to let go."

According to the report, Xu Shaogang plunged into the staff of the research institute. There are 132 employees in the research institute, except for more than 30 retired and temporary workers, more than 80 people have participated in petitions. In more than two months, Xu Shaogang interviewed 66 people face to face. He called all the petitioners’ phones, and then made appointments to talk in the office one after another. When there was not enough time during the day, he used holidays, and at the latest, he talked about it after 3 am. He said: "communist party cadres can’t be afraid to meet the masses!"

For many years, the visiting leaders in Siping City have always thought that people’s petition is to be fully staffed by public institutions, which is unreasonable at all, and there is no solution no matter how fierce it is. Through discussions and visits, Xu Shaogang found that the deep-seated reason is that corruption has wiped out the family of the enterprise, and the employees are angry in their hearts and can’t live any longer, so they stubbornly cling to the iron rice bowl. To solve the problems of scientific research institutes, we must first strictly manage the party in an all-round way, uncover the cover of corporate corruption cases and regain the trust of the masses!

The Siping Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection recorded a heavy blow against corruption, and immediately slammed into the corruption shady of the research institute: In May 2016, Dong Weidong, the former president who had been transferred for two years, was "double-regulated"; In August, Cheng Xiaomin, the former president, was placed on probation and dismissed from his post. All but one of the original teams of the Academy of Scientific Research were dismissed, and all middle-level cadres were dismissed. In September, the former director of the Science and Technology Bureau was transferred, and the head of the discipline inspection team stationed in the bureau was ordered to resign … "Double regulations" and transferred to the judiciary, four people were formally arrested, more than 10 people were dealt with by party discipline and discipline, and more than 10 million yuan of corruption and misappropriation funds were recovered.

Xu Shaogang said, "Strictly administering the Party in an all-round way is a systematic project. Combating corruption is only a’ stop loss’ and a’ break’. The key is to’ stand up’ and save the enterprise and let the employees live a better life again."

"It’s not easy to let a dead enterprise regain its vitality!" Cong Tienan, the head of the discipline inspection team of the Municipal Science and Technology Bureau and the head of the working group stationed in the research institute, recalled awkwardly, "In September 2016, Wang Zhidong, the new director of the Municipal Science and Technology Bureau, and I went to the research institute for a meeting on the first day, and we were ousted by the masses without saying a few words. At that time, the relationship between the cadres and the masses in the research institute had broken down, and no matter what the cadres said, the employees did not believe it. "

"The first time I met Mayor Xu, we didn’t trust him either." Yu Fei, Zhang Shouzhong, Chang Wen, Bai Minghui, Hao Qingfeng and Gao Hongjie, the petitioners of the Academy of Sciences in those days, all mentioned Xu Shaogang when they talked about the change of mentality: "Other leaders saw the petition and tried their best to hide and push it. Mayor Xu was not afraid. He took the initiative to talk to us, and it lasted for hours. Later, the city arrested and exempted the corrupt elements, and we really believed in him and the municipal party Committee. This is the cadre of communist party! "

According to the report, in order to help the research institute plug the growing debt hole and solve the problem of shortage of development funds, Xu Shaogang tried every means to coordinate all aspects, adjust the original obviously unreasonable seizure and deduction according to the law, and re-apply for mortgage loans. In order to lift the seizure of enterprise assets, Xu Shaogang offered to take his private car as collateral for creditors.

"Don’t say it’s a temporary cadre, it’s a working cadre. Who is not afraid of falling into the trap of the Academy and jumping out? However, the mayor of Shaogang dared to take responsibility and was not afraid of hitting hard. In order to plan the way out for the enterprise, he worked overtime day and night. Once on Sunday, he removed gastrointestinal polyps in the morning and went to the office to work overtime in the afternoon. With such a leader, we still have something to say. " On the evening of the announcement of his appointment, Cong Tienan checked into the office of the Academy with his bedclothes on his back and vowed: "I will never leave until the problem is solved."

Editor-in-Chief: Qin Hong

Author: The Paper

Text Editor: Yang Rong

Source of the title map: the creativity of the worm

Photo editor: Xiang Jianying

　　BEIJING, Dec. 10 (Shang Qi) Today, the 2018 written examination for civil servants of central organs and their directly affiliated institutions will be held. More than 120 central authorities, their directly affiliated institutions and units managed with reference to the Civil Service Law participated in this national examination, and it is planned to recruit more than 28,000 people. In the end, 1,659,700 people passed the registration qualification examination, an increase of 173,400 compared with last year, and the ratio of the number of people who passed the qualification examination to the number of employment plans was 58: 1.

　　It is planned to recruit more than 28,000 people and nearly 1.66 million people passed the registration review.

　　At 9: 00 this morning, the 2018 written national examination will be held simultaneously in provincial capitals and individual large cities. More than 120 central authorities, their directly affiliated institutions and units managed according to the Civil Service Law participated in this national examination, and it is planned to recruit more than 28,000 people.

　　According to the statistics of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, a total of 1,659,700 people finally passed the qualification examination of employers in the registration process, an increase of 173,400 compared with 1,486,300 last year, and the ratio of the number of qualified people to the number of employment plans was 58: 1.

　　However, the number of people who pass the registration is not the number of people who finally take the exam, because in recent years, there has been a phenomenon of "abandoning the exam" in the national examination.

　　Taking the 2017 national examination as an example, official data show that 1,486,300 people passed the qualification examination of the recruitment agency, 1,137,000 people paid for the written examination, and 984,000 people actually took the examination, with a reference rate of about 86.58%, which means that more than 500,000 candidates "abandoned the examination" last year.

　　China News Agency issued Meng Delong photo

　　What subjects should be tested in the written national examination?

　　According to the previously published recruitment announcement, this morning at 9:00&mdash; At 11:00, there will be an administrative professional ability test, and at 14:00&mdash; At 17:00, the application exam will be held.

　　In addition, in some positions, in addition to the public subject examination, the "2+X" examination mode is also implemented, that is, in addition to the administrative professional ability test and the application examination, candidates also need to take the professional subject examination or the foreign language proficiency test.

　　According to the recruitment announcement, those who apply for eight non-common language positions such as Japanese and French in the International Liaison Department of the Central Committee and the Central Compilation Bureau will first take the foreign language proficiency test on the afternoon of December 9.

　　In addition, those who apply for special professional positions in China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission and its dispatched institutions and people’s police positions in public security organs will take the professional subject examination on the afternoon of December 9, and their professional subject examination results will be announced together with the public subject examination results, and the comprehensive written test results will be synthesized according to the proportion of each.

　　Strict examination discipline, multi-sectoral crackdown on cheating

　　Every year, the national examination and examination discipline have been repeatedly emphasized by the government. On the eve of this national examination, the website of the National Civil Service Bureau issued a special reminder, expecting the majority of candidates who are interested in becoming civil servants to start from themselves and apply in good faith.

　　Before the exam, the National Civil Service Bureau suggested that candidates should strictly abide by the exam discipline, take no prohibited items, do nothing against discipline, take no chances, engage in fraud, properly protect their exam papers and answer information, and resolutely resist any ugly illegal acts such as cheating by any group and using various means. Don’t spread or disseminate test questions after the exam, and don’t participate in irresponsible comments on the Internet.

　　The National Civil Service Bureau also reminded candidates that on the day of the examination, the competent civil service department will closely monitor the examination room and the surrounding environment in conjunction with the public security organs and radio management departments to crack down on cheating in the examination.

　　In addition, the National Civil Service Bureau hopes that the majority of candidates, especially those who enter the post-interview stage, will not give up their interview qualifications and admission qualifications at will, so as not to miss the opportunity to realize their career ideals and affect the rights and interests of other candidates and the normal recruitment needs of recruitment agencies.

　　Check the results in the middle and late January next year

　　According to the recruitment announcement issued before, the Central Organization Department, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the National Civil Service Bureau will study and determine the minimum qualified score line after the written examination of public subjects in the national examination today. There will be differences between the qualified scores of posts above the provincial level and those below the prefecture level.

　　In addition, positions in the western region and hard and remote areas, grass-roots positions and special professional positions, etc., will be given policy inclination when drawing the minimum qualified score line.

　　In the middle and late January of 2018, candidates can log on to the special website with their ID number and admission ticket number to inquire about the written test scores of public subjects, the minimum qualified scores and the list of interviewers.

　　After the written test results are announced, the central civil servant department will determine the proportion of interviewers according to the Recruitment Guide, and the specific interview time will be determined by the recruitment agency, generally before the end of March 2018. (End)