Special feature of 1905 film network "It was successfully held for 15 sessions, witnessing 87 projects entering production, 72 participating in major film festivals at home and abroad, 44 being shortlisted for Class A film festivals, and 63 films being shown in cinemas at home and abroad." At the 25th Shanghai International Film Festival, the host chose to use such a set of figures as the opening remarks.

Behind the figures are the achievements made by the venture capital unit of Shanghai Film Festival in the past 16 years. By providing docking services such as incubation, financing and promotion for projects of different scales and stages, Shanghai Film Festival Venture Capital has become an incubator for young directors’ works and an important platform for the industry to discover new Chinese speakers.

It will be released on June 16th, and the young director’s feature film debut is one of the examples. In 2017 and 2019, the project was selected by Shanghai Film Festival Venture Capital twice, and in 2021, it was selected as the "One Concern" unit of Cannes Film Festival. Starting from venture capital, going to international film festivals, and then landing on the cinema screen, Street Kids has gone out of the "idealized" path.

On the same day, director Najiazuo also came to the scene where the honor was announced, telling the significance of venture capital to him. "In 2017, I met the producer because of venture capital. In 2019, the filming was completed, and I went to many film festivals. I always wanted to go home and see it. Time flies. I hope I can still work as hard as filming Street Kids when I am 40 years old!"

As the 25th Shanghai International Film Festival, originally scheduled to be held in 2022, was postponed to 2023, the organizing committee received a total of 679 project declarations in two years, and the competition was particularly fierce. After selection, 33 projects stood out.

　

In the end, various honors were announced: the director’s new work "Bye-bye, Bye-bye" won the "Recommended Project in Production"; The film "Wild Crane in the Clouds" with the theme of ethnic minorities won the "Recommended Project by Young Directors"; The director’s "Yao Yao Zhuan" and Gao Ming’s "Two Time Zones" were awarded "Creative Recommended Project" and "Special Recommended Project" respectively.

#01. The genre theme is novel and diverse.

"I think the diversity of this venture capital project is very good, not limited to a certain type of theme." This is the biggest feeling of the annual recommender and producer of project venture capital.

　

Bye-bye, which won the honor of "recommended project in production", focuses on the "bye-bye" belief culture in the relatively small Minnan area, and thus shows the living conditions of local elderly women. Similar themes are very rare in the domestic market, which also makes the judges shine. The recommendation language reads: "The theme is novel, the film language is distinctive and the completion is high."

　

Producer Kick told 1905 Film Network that she and director Ye Qian are both from Fujian, and they are particularly familiar with the stories and female images in the film. Since the debut novel "Sweet Potato Dried with Rice", Ye Qian has been insisting on the creation of similar themes.

"Paying attention to the elderly women and taking root in the soil of southern Fujian, Ye Qian has always been very firm. He will not pick up other people’s adaptation projects, and he is very determined to do his own things, which is very valuable and rare."

　

It is this persistence that made the director successfully move to play the heroine. "After reading the story, she said that she had not seen the role that moved her so much for a long time, which reminded her of the director."

Starting from one’s own life experience, combining personal experience, social observation and thinking with audio-visual language and transforming it into a powerful movie story, which is exactly what many outstanding projects of this venture capital have in common.

　

The same is true of Wild Crane in the Clouds, which won the honor of "Young Director’s Recommended Project". Director Ahmad McMaiti chose to tell a familiar "Xinjiang Story" in a humorous way, which left a deep impression on the judges from Uighur lines to strong regional cultural characteristics and ethnic customs.

　

The recommender concluded: "Personal experience and feelings are the best fulcrum for the director’s early creation. Rooting the seeds of creation in life may grow something with strong imagination. "

Not only do you dare to focus on minority themes in topic selection, but this year’s venture capital finalists are also showing a trend of blooming in variety. Youth, suspense, sports, family, crime, comedy, love, fantasy and martial arts are all involved, taking into account art and business. The enthusiasm and vision presented by young creators are gratifying.

　

#02 Hot Women’s Issues with Realistic Themes Get Attention

In recent years, the market feedback of realistic works has been fierce, which has frequently triggered heated discussions in the society and staged a box office success of "small and broad". Coupled with its relatively low cost and shooting difficulty, realistic themes have become the focus of young creators.

For example, the director’s new work focuses on education and medical care, which are closely related to people’s livelihood, and interweaves them with dramatic techniques. He explained the theme of the film like this: "When fairness and justice are not good for you, will you still insist on fairness and justice?"

　

Faced with this controversial topic, Chen Zhixi bluntly said that the director could be bolder, take a "stinging" step forward on the basis of the original script, and more directly poke the "pain point" of the audience and society.

Different from the warm tone of Trading Destiny, From Now on, written and directed by young director Yang Guomin, hopes to maintain a cruel and true "hard spirit" and "force generate’s true feelings in a cruel way" when showing the special father-son relationship of the family with cerebral palsy.

　

While the three judges affirmed the quality and strength of the script, they also pointed out from the market point of view that the audience would like to see the story of how the protagonist in trouble faces life actively and meets challenges, which can increase the initiative of some characters.

　

"In the current environment, the audience hopes that the film can give it some hope and courage while empathizing, which also makes warm realism a preferred type in the current market," Chen Zhixi said.

Among many realistic works, the increase of women’s themes is also a significant trend. For example, Night Running tells about the situation and choices of three generations of women, Taste of Chinese focuses on the growth experience of post-90 s girls, and Playground this Friday puts the pressure of single and full-time mothers on the table.

When Chen Meiyu, the director and screenwriter of "Mom at the same table", took her 7-year-old daughter to the public presentation site, it quickly attracted the attention of the judges and guests. And her work is also adapted from personal experience. "I took the college entrance examination five months pregnant and reported to the university when I was nine months pregnant." Mother at the same table "tells the story of female college students taking their children to college."

　

In Chen Meiyu’s view, when it comes to "early pregnancy mother", many viewers will inevitably have curiosity, and the heroine she created is to break the stereotype of the audience: she can argue with the school for the right to go to school, boldly respond to her ex-husband’s struggle for custody, and dare to tear open the wound to tell her story to the public. "The first key word is fierce. She is not bitter at all, but she is optimistic and brave."

During Chen Meiyu’s presentation, producer Chen Zhixi was moved to tears. She bluntly said that the real and special story emotion is the biggest advantage of this project, which makes it both topical and market space.

　

"She has got a natural good topic, and the next step is to have a good text, find universality under a special story, and the mother-daughter emotion should be able to make the audience empathize."

　

Indeed, both "Mother at the Same Table" and the above-mentioned female-themed projects are paying attention to women’s living difficulties and inner world from different dimensions. Several judges also reminded the creators that the shaping of female images and the choice of female actors are very important and will become the key to whether the audience can substitute and empathize.

#03 Art or business to be decided

　

"Do you want to make a movie to express yourself, or do you want the audience to buy tickets to go to the cinema? These are two completely different goals." A sentence from the judges triggered on-the-spot thinking.

In his view, art or business, personal expression or market-oriented, this is the direction that needs to be determined in the early stage, and it is also a problem that many creators have not thought clearly.

　

Wu Ershan explained: "The new director’s project needs to have a clear goal, not both sides. For example, if it is the direction of film festivals, it needs to maintain the originality of creation and the creativity of film language, while maintaining low cost; However, if the target is the mass market, then you need to consider what types of elements your work has, whether the organization is mature, whether it meets the needs of the market, and whether the budget can match. "

The producer of Bye-bye, Bye-bye has a clear position in this respect. As a narrative film with a strong author style, they made it clear from the beginning that they would take the direction of film festival exhibition, and they also hoped to make targeted regional announcements in Fujian and Guangdong during the cinema stage.

　

"The key to a small-budget movie is to find its unique audience, recognize its own advantages, find audiences with the same roots and similar cultural soil, and it is good to’ punch through’ an area without eating into a big fat man."

　

The same is true of the romantic film Time Hotel, which was also selected as a "project in progress". The total budget of the project is only 3.5 million yuan, and the filming has been completed and entered the post-production stage.

　

Director Yixiang Zhai said, "I hope to make a movie with aesthetic feeling and adult love theme. At present, there are few similar movies depicting adult emotions in the domestic market. I had expectations for the market from the beginning, so I was more concerned about the budget than the producer. I finished shooting in 26 days and have been saving the budget. "

　

"We should not only see what everyone is doing, but also figure out what we can do." This is Xin Yukun’s message to young filmmakers.

He is also very envious that young creators can have a platform for exchange and learning, such as "venture capital". "In the process, you can know more like-minded friends, and you will also revise and sort out your own creative concept and film concept. This is the meaning of venture capital."

Wu Ershan hopes that the new directors can really exert their strength on the word "new". "We don’t need him to be perfect or mature, but we want to see new themes, new ideas and new film languages. This is the primary standard. With this longboard, other shortcomings can be slowly filled."

Starting from the "new", the next China story is on its way to the world.

　　[Illustration of new car in car home] On the 6th of next month, another Peugeot convertible sports car, the 207CC, will be officially launched. Before the launch, we saw this sports car called "French small steel cannon" in an imported Peugeot 4S shop in China. Let’s take a look at this car together.

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　　Because it was taken with a mobile phone without the knowledge of the 4S shop, the picture quality is not very good and the quantity is small. In order to introduce you more information about the 207CC, we borrowed some official pictures to explain this car to you. Please forgive me.

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　　Since it is called a "small steel gun", its dynamic performance is naturally very strong. The 207CC model is equipped with a 1.6T twin-scroll supercharged engine jointly developed with BMW. Like the engines used by BMW’s MINI cooper s and MINI clubman S, the maximum power and torque of this engine can reach 150 HP and 240N·m after being tuned on the 207CC, which is in performance competition with Volkswagen’s GTI model and matched with 5.

　　In addition to the improvement in power, another biggest difference between Peugeot 207 CC and Peugeot’s previous convertible lies in the convertible part of the roof. In the previous 206 CC, the convertible lock had to be opened manually before and after opening/closing the convertible, but in the previous 207 CC, it was all changed to electric mode. You only need to press the control key of the roof to switch the hood, and the computer will automatically complete this program, and the whole folding action can be completed in only 25 seconds, which is more convenient and easy to use. However, the 207CC still adopts Peugeot’s traditional two-fold convertible design, which sacrifices the use space of the trunk when the convertible is opened.

　　There is still 187 liters of space in the trunk when the convertible is open, and the key of 207 CC is also designed with a special remote control opening button for the trunk, which is convenient for the owner to use the trunk when the vehicle is parked properly.

"Peugeot 207CC has 7 colors to choose from, and there are many options for interior color matching. 』

　　Besides power, vehicle configuration is another issue that people pay attention to. What does 207CC bring us this time? Let’s see. ESP, four airbags, leather steering wheel, 17-inch aluminum alloy wheels, dual-zone automatic air conditioning system, multi-disc CD supporting MP3 format, and JBL’s 10-speaker stereo also appear in the list of 207 CC. Except for 17-inch aluminum alloy wheels and multi-disc CD, the configurations we just mentioned are all standard configurations, so how powerful is it? However, the GPS system assembled on the foreign 207CC has also become an optional accessory in China for some reason.

　

"In terms of functional configuration, 207CC is still practical. 』

　　Because we have been in contact with this car for a very short time, we can’t know more about this car, but from the price of 265,000 yuan for the comfort version and 295,000 yuan for the luxury version quoted by the dealer, the price/performance ratio of this car is excellent. It is understood that the 207CC model introduced into China this time only has manual transmission. From this point of view, Peugeot wants to position this car as a personalized model with both performance and appearance, and change people’s views on 307CC and 206CC "meat bugs" in the past. The introduction of 207CC in this paper is only superficial and does not involve too many details inside the car.If you want to know more about the 207CC model, please pay attention to our recently launched 207CC real shot article and 207CC model evaluation test drive article.(Text/car home Yuyuan)

Peugeot 207CC configuration parameters

Model picture
Basic parameter	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Model name:	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Quotation:	00,000
Brand:	beautiful; handsome; PEUGEOT
Level:	small family car
Engine:	1.6T 150 HP L4
Gearbox:	5th gear manual
Length× width× height:	4037×1750×1397
Body structure:	2-door 2-seat hardtop convertible
bodywork	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Length (mm):	4037
Width (mm):	1750
Height (mm):	1397
Vehicle weight (Kg):	–
Wheelbase (mm):	2540
Front track (mm):	1469
Rear track (mm):	1470
Minimum ground clearance (mm):	–
Body structure:	Hard top convertible
Number of vehicles (units):	2
Number of seats (units):	2
Tank volume (l):	50
Trunk volume (l):	370
engine	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Displacement (cc):	1598
Displacement (l):	one point six
Working mode:	turbocharge
Cylinder arrangement type:	L
Number of cylinders (units):	four
Number of valves per cylinder (units):	four
Compression ratio:	10.5
Valve structure:	DOHC
Cylinder diameter:	77
Stroke:	85.8
Horsepower (Ps):	150
Maximum power (kW):	110
Maximum power speed (rpm):	5800
Maximum torque (n m):	240
Maximum torque speed (rpm):	1400-3500
Engine specific technology:	–
Fuel:	petrol
Fuel label:	No.97
Oil supply mode:	multipoint injection
Cylinder material:	aluminium (Al)
Cylinder head material:	aluminium (Al)
Environmental standards:	Ou IV
gearbox	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Name:	5th gear manual
Number of gears:	five
Gearbox type:	MT
Chassis steering	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Driving mode:	Precursor
Front suspension type:	mcphersonindependent suspension
Rear suspension type:	Torsion beam independent suspension
Type of assistance:	Electronic hydraulic booster
Wheel braking	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Front brake type:	Ventilating disc
Rear brake type:	Dish type
Former tyre size:	205/45 R17
After tyre size:	205/45 R17
Spare tire:	full-scale

Safety equipment	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Driver’s seat airbag:	●
Co-pilot airbag:	●
Front head airbag (air curtain):	–
Rear head airbag (air curtain):	–
Front side airbag:	●
Rear side airbag:	–
Knee airbag:	–
Electronic anti-theft:	●
Central locking in the car:	●
Remote control key:	●
Keyless start system:	●
Control configuration	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
ABS anti-lock braking:	●
Brake force distribution (EBD/CBC):	●
Brake assist (EBA/BAS/BA):	●
Traction control (ASR/TCS/TRC, etc.):	●
Body stability control (ESP/DSC/VSC):	●
Parking brake system:	–
Lifting (air) suspension:	–
Tire pressure monitoring device:	●
Continue driving with zero tire pressure:	–
Active steering system:	–
External configuration	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Electric sunroof:	–
Panoramic skylight:	–
Same color rearview mirror:	●
Same color rubbing strip:	●
Sports version surround:	–
Aluminum alloy wheel hub:	●
Internal configuration	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Leather steering wheel:	●
Steering wheel up and down adjustment:	●
Steering wheel fore and aft adjustment:	●
Multifunctional steering wheel:	●
Steering wheel shift:	–
Left foot rest pedal:	●
Constant speed cruise:	●
Parking aid:	–
Reverse video image:	–
Driving computer display screen:	●
HUD head-up digital display:	–
Seat configuration	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Leather seats:	●
Sports seat:	–
Seat height adjustment:	●
Lumbar support adjustment:	–
Electric adjustment of front seats:	–
Power seat memory:	–
Seat heating:	–
Front seat center armrest:	●
Sit back on the central armrest:	–
Front cup holder:	●
Rear cup holder:	–
Seat massage/ventilation:	–
The rear seat is laid down as a whole:	–
Rear seats are laid down in proportion:	–
The third row of seats:	–
Multimedia configuration	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
GPS navigation system:	–
Multimedia control system:	–
Bluetooth system:	–
Car TV:	–
Car phone:	–
Center console LCD screen:	–
Rear LCD:	–
External audio source (AUX/USB/iPod, etc.):	–
CD supports MP3/WMA:	–
Single CD:	–
Multi-disc CD converter:	●
Single DVD:	–
Multi-disc DVD system:	–
2-3 Speaker system:	–
4-5 Speaker system:	–
6-7 Speaker system:	●
≥8 speaker system:	–
Lighting configuration	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Xenon headlights:	–
Automatic headlights:	●
Turn headlights (auxiliary lights):	●
Front fog lamp:	●
Rear fog lamp:	●
Headlight height adjustable:	–
Headlight cleaning device:	–
Glass/rearview mirror	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Front power window:	●
Rear power window:	–
Window anti-pinch function:	●
Electric adjustment of rearview mirror:	●
Mirror heating:	–
Automatic anti-glare of rearview mirror:	–
Electric folding of rearview mirror:	–
Manual rear sunshade:	–
Electric rear sunshade:	–
Rear side sunshade:	–
Sunvisor vanity mirror:	●
Induction wiper:	●
Air conditioner/refrigerator	Peugeot 207cc 1.6T fashion
Manual air conditioning:	–
Automatic air conditioning:	●
Rear seat air outlet:	–
Temperature zone control:	●
In-vehicle air conditioning:	–
Car refrigerator:	–

A series of measures to "strengthen teachers" sounded the horn of accelerating the construction of teachers in basic education, and also gave the best answer to "how to strengthen teachers" in the new era.

　　Source | China Teachers’ Daily, December 28th, 13th edition.

　　Author | Our reporter Huang Hao

　　Education is the foundation of a country and a strong country. Report to the 20th CPC National Congress emphasized that education, science and technology and talents are the basic and strategic supports for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. The report makes special arrangements for "running a satisfactory education for the people", highlighting the basic, leading and overall status of education.

　　Teachers are the first resource for the development of education — — In 2018, the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of Teachers’ Team Construction in the New Era was released, which once again emphasized the extreme importance of teachers to education.

　　Promoting the high-quality development of education in the new era with the construction of high-quality teachers is undoubtedly the logical way to promote the education power. How to strengthen the teacher? Following this logical thread, to build a team of high-quality professional and innovative teachers, it is urgent for us to build a world-class teacher education system with China characteristics, which has also become a new mission of teacher education in the new era.

　　Looking back on 2022, around the mission of teacher education, the Ministry of Education and other eight departments issued the "Strong Teacher Plan for Basic Education in the New Era" (referred to as "Strong Teacher Plan"). Focusing on the plan of strengthening teachers, the collaborative quality improvement plan of normal education has been implemented rapidly, the training of normal students in the "excellent teacher plan" has been strengthened, and the training documents for primary school science teachers have been issued … … A series of measures to "strengthen teachers" sounded the horn of accelerating the construction of teachers in basic education, and also gave the best answer to "how to strengthen teachers" in the new era.

　　The plan of strengthening teachers was introduced to find a "fulcrum" for the construction of teachers.

　　The introduction of the "Strong Teacher Program" coincides with the fifth year of the "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of Teacher Team Construction in the New Era", and it is also the "Action Plan for Revitalizing Teacher Education (2018— 2022) The last year of implementation.

　　"China education in the new era needs to build a high-quality education system. High-quality education cannot be separated from high-quality teachers, and high-quality education system cannot be separated from high-quality teacher education system. Therefore, it is timely to introduce the strong teacher program at the current time node, which is of great significance to the times. " Li Zhengtao, director and professor of the Institute of Basic Education Reform and Development of East China Normal University, said.

　　Focusing on perfecting the characteristic teacher education system in China, perfecting the training mechanism of high-level teachers, strengthening the construction of rural teachers, improving the governance level of teachers, and promoting the digital construction of teachers, the plan for strengthening teachers has put forward 15 specific measures, including building a foundation to improve quality, making up for the weak, making the best and building the strong, covering all dimensions of teacher education, which is typical and systematic.

　　As an outline document, the plan of strengthening teachers first puts forward "strengthening training and perfecting the teacher education system with China characteristics", which is one of the weak links of teacher education in China and a topic that many teachers’ education experts and researchers are eagerly concerned about.

　　In recent years, the state has continuously increased its investment in teacher education. At present, 215 normal colleges and more than 500 non-normal colleges have participated in teacher training, basically forming a teacher education system with China characteristics. However, the level of running a normal university and the level of guarantee still need to be strengthened, and the conditions for running a normal university need to be improved. It is against this background that the National Development and Reform Commission supports about 50 normal universities to strengthen the construction of teaching and research facilities, and supports each university to invest 100 million yuan in the central budget.

　　Under the double blessing of policy and funds, how to build a perfect teacher education system? Zhong Binglin, a member of the National Education Advisory Committee and a professor at Beijing Normal University, suggested that according to the 14th Five-Year Plan, we should give full play to the main role of normal universities in teacher training, encourage comprehensive universities to hold teacher education, and encourage high-level engineering colleges to carry out vocational education for teachers.

　　Liu Yichun, an academician of China Academy of Sciences and president of Northeast Normal University, pointed out that to improve the overall quality of teachers, it is necessary to improve the system of teacher education: first, to improve the quality of students through the policy attraction mechanism; second, to improve the quality of excellent teachers and educator teachers through the reform of the training mode of normal universities; and third, to improve the quality of development through on-the-job experience and vocational training.

　　In short, vertically, pre-service training and post-service training of teachers need to be integrated and strengthened; In the horizontal direction, teachers’ education institutions in normal universities and comprehensive universities need to intensify reforms in training mode and discipline construction.

　　Today, the curtain of reform has been opened. The long-term goal listed in the plan of strengthening teachers is to build an open, coordinated and linked high-level teacher education system to meet the requirements of educational modernization and building an educational power by 2035. Imagine the future, this scene is not far away from us.

　　Part of the layout of the report on the plan of strengthening teachers in China Teachers’ Newspaper

　　Cooperate to improve quality and speed up, and help normal education to be stronger and more specialized.

　　Normal university is the main source of teacher training and the main position of teacher education. How to better train normal students, improve the quality of teacher training, and let the best talents train better people? Building a strong normal college is the meaning of the title.

　　The plan of strengthening teachers proposes to implement the collaborative quality improvement plan of normal education and focus on the construction of weak normal colleges.

　　In 2022, as the landing of the plan of strengthening teachers, the collaborative quality improvement plan of normal education was officially launched, led by 10 high-level normal colleges such as Beijing Normal University and East China Normal University, and some provincial higher-level normal colleges participated as "collaborative assistance" colleges to jointly help weak normal colleges. This plan covers 72 normal colleges across the country.

　　In the past 40 years, the dispute between the integration of normal universities and the nature of normal universities has not been cut off. Some weak normal universities have turned to comprehensive schools, and the training of normal students has been weakened. The collaborative quality improvement plan of normal education emphasizes returning to the initial heart of normal education and focusing on the main business of normal education, which also brings new opportunities to the development of local weak normal colleges.

　　Since June, 2022, ten groups of the collaborative quality improvement plan for normal education have held joint meetings one after another, which has started a series of assistance work.

　　In Hunan Normal University, starting from July 2022, the training course on improving the ability of young and middle-aged key teachers in weak colleges undertaken by Hunan Normal University, the first summer social practice activity led by the Youth League Committee of Fujian Normal University, and the training course for key teachers in rural primary schools jointly undertaken by Hunan Normal University and Ningxia Normal University started one after another, which opened the learning curtain for college students in the group. In order to better serve the development of weak normal universities, "teacher training bases" have sprung up in the recipient universities Hunan First Normal University, huaihua university and Ningxia Normal University.

　　In the delegation of Southwest University, Southwest University took the lead in organizing and participating in the "one-on-one" in-depth discussion and exchange between helping universities and recipient universities, and doing a good job in helping weak normal universities from strengthening the construction of teachers, focusing on the construction of disciplines and specialties, and improving the management and development level of schools. In the future, the group universities will also make great efforts to jointly develop online course resources, joint teaching and research, promote subject teaching and teachers’ common development, actively carry out large-scale academic forums and expert reports, and promote the high-quality development of teacher education in seven universities.

　　Although affected by the epidemic, the development of group work has encountered certain obstacles. However, after overcoming many difficulties, many colleges and universities have gained growth and forged friendship in the process of practical assistance.

　　"Due to cooperation, we have forged a deep affection with Ningxia Normal University, laying a solid foundation for cooperation in implementing the collaborative quality improvement plan." The relevant person in charge of Fujian Normal University said. Wang Mingbo, a cadre of Hexi College who was sent to Southwest University, said, "The package of assistance projects of Southwest University College of Literature in terms of teacher training, academic leadership and quality improvement, discipline construction guidance, professional certification, etc. can really be described as a timely help."

　　It can be predicted that the collaborative quality improvement plan of normal education, which began in 2022, will improve the supply quality of basic education teachers from the source. Of course, collaborative quality improvement is not only "helping the weak", but also promoting the collaborative "win-win" development mechanism of normal education in China.

　　"High-level normal universities are not pure exporters and contributors. Young teachers in these universities form a partnership with young teachers in upgrading normal universities through teaching, research, curriculum co-construction, cooperative research or training … … Collaborative quality improvement is a holistic development action of China’s normal education system. " Zhao Jian, secretary of the Party branch of the Teacher Development College of East China Normal University and head of the expert working group of the collaborative quality improvement plan for normal education, said.

　　Part of the layout of China Teachers’ Newspaper’s report on the collaborative quality improvement plan of normal education

　　"Excellent Teacher Plan" and "Expansion" to cultivate "tomorrow’s teachers" rooted in the countryside

　　"I hope you will continue to uphold ‘ Learn to be a teacher and behave in the world ’ Our school motto, cherish time, study hard, sharpen our character, increase our ability to preach, teach and solve doubts, go where the motherland and the people need it most after graduation, and strive to be satisfied with the party and the people ‘ Siyou ’ A good teacher contributes to the cultivation of socialist builders and successors with all-round development of morality, intelligence, physique and beauty. " On September 7, 2022, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader sent a reply to the normal students of the "Excellent Teacher Program" of Beijing Normal University, which aroused strong repercussions in the education sector.

　　The "excellent teacher plan" refers to the "directional training plan for outstanding teachers in underdeveloped areas in the central and western regions". Starting from 2021, normal universities directly under the Ministry of Education and local normal colleges will take a directional approach to train about 10,000 undergraduate normal students for primary and secondary schools in 832 poverty-stricken counties and land border counties in the central and western regions every year. On the eve of Teachers’ Day in 2022, the representatives of normal students in the "Excellent Teacher Program" of Beijing Normal University wrote to the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, reporting the learning gains since entering the school and expressing their determination to take root in teaching and educating people at the grassroots level after graduation.

　　"I will return to my hometown after graduation — — Qiandongnan, Guizhou, takes root in basic education, strives to be the pioneer of education reform, the forerunner of education and poverty alleviation, and the guide of student growth, and shows his regretless youth where the motherland and the people need it most! " After receiving the reply from the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, Xiong Guojin, a normal student of the "Excellent Teacher Program" of Beijing Normal University, said.

　　The orientation of the "excellent teacher plan" is very clear, and the continuous implementation of this plan will help optimize the structure of teachers in underdeveloped areas and improve the ability of local teachers to teach and educate people.

　　"This is an important measure to promote the effective connection between consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation in education and rural revitalization, and to help improve the fairness and quality of education." Ren Youqun, director of the Teacher Affairs Department of the Ministry of Education, said.

　　In order to implement the spirit of the important reply from the Supreme Leader General Secretary to the normal students in the "Excellent Teacher Program" of Beijing Normal University, in September 2022, the General Office of the Ministry of Education issued the Notice on Further Improving the Training of Normal Students in the "Excellent Teacher Program". This document puts forward requirements in such aspects as deeply planting roots in grassroots education to serve the country, forging excellent skills in preaching and teaching, optimizing process management to stimulate learning momentum, and deepening collaborative mechanism to support lifelong development. It requires normal universities to do a good job in the training of normal students in the "excellent teacher plan" on the basis of the common requirements for normal students, and cultivate a group of "four haves" good teachers where the country and people need them most.

　　In fact, the relevant institutions undertaking the task of "Mentor Program" have already taken action.On the second day after receiving an important reply from the Supreme Leader General Secretary, the Party Committee of Beijing Normal University decided to expand the enrollment scale of the "Excellent Teacher Program" to 800 students in 2023, and expand the enrollment quota and enrollment scope year by year.Strive to cover all poverty-stricken counties and provinces in the central and western land border counties during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period, and at the same time support the "excellent teacher plan" in all directions through the "strong teacher project".

　　Hao Fanghua, president of Huazhong Normal University, introduced that the school promoted the "excellent teacher plan" with "four optimizations", including "optimizing enrollment, carefully organizing students" and "optimizing the training system and implementing ‘ Five educations ’ At the same time, optimize the skills of teachers, highlight the characteristics of digital training, optimize the coordination mechanism and build a platform for strengthening teachers. Taking the enrollment work as an example, for two years in a row, the school has added 150 separate programs to 22 central and western provinces such as Tibet, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Guizhou and Qinghai. The school leaders led teams to the students’ places of origin to issue admission notices to the freshmen representatives of the "excellent teacher program" and give the "first lesson" to the normal students of the "excellent teacher program".

　　In two years’ time, normal graduates of the "Excellent Teacher Program" will take up their jobs, take root in the countryside and start a journey of educating people. After four years of tailor-made curriculum infiltration, they will be full of enthusiasm and skilled skills, whipping up their hooves in the vast rural primary and secondary schools, bringing new vitality to the revitalization of rural education.

　　Part of the layout of the report on "Excellent Teacher Program" in China Teachers’ Newspaper

　　Teachers should cultivate "complement each other" and make science teachers "strong"

　　"Cultivating innovative spirit should start from primary school. Primary school students don’t need many discoveries or inventions, but teachers should start from primary school and guide them to be good at discovering problems and designing solutions to problems. " On July 25th, 2022, the "National Summer School for Science Education" teacher training (Guangzhou venue) jointly organized by South China Normal University and Guangzhou Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences started in South China Normal University. Academician Zhong Nanshan, winner of the Medal of the Republic and director of Guangzhou National Laboratory, gave a lecture, which attracted wide attention from all walks of life.

　　This training activity, jointly organized by the Teacher Affairs Department of the Ministry of Education and the Science Communication Bureau of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, was first held in the main venue of Beijing in July 2022, and the number of people watching the live broadcast on the first day exceeded 1 million. Subsequently, 11 sub-venues, including Wuhan, Guangzhou, Changchun, Urumqi and Nanjing, began to "speak" in succession. After the summer training course resources of science education were uploaded to the national wisdom education platform, the cumulative number of hits exceeded 64 million.

　　Looking back on 2022, the training of science teachers has received unprecedented attention.

　　In May 2022, the General Office of the Ministry of Education issued the Notice on Strengthening the Training of Science Teachers in Primary Schools. This document directly attacked the weak link in the training chain of pre-service science teachers, and made macro arrangements in four aspects: strengthening the enrollment scale of science education majors, increasing the training of science teachers in related majors, optimizing the training scheme of science teachers in primary schools, and innovating the collaborative mechanism of training science teachers in primary schools. This is undoubtedly a powerful "complement" for the current construction of science teachers in primary schools in China.

　　"This is the first document specifically aimed at the training of teachers in a specific profession since the publication of" Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of the Construction of Teachers in the New Era ".Director Ren Youqun pointed out in an article in this newspaper that this move is intended to increase the supply of science teachers in primary schools majoring in science education or science and engineering from the source, and lay a talent foundation for cultivating more young people with scientific dreams and innovative ambitions from childhood.

　　In the opinion of experts who have been engaged in science education for a long time, due to various reasons, there was a great dislocation between the training and demand of science teachers in the past. On the one hand, the employment of graduates majoring in science education trained in colleges and universities was not satisfactory, on the other hand, a large number of science teachers were urgently needed in primary and secondary schools, especially primary schools, and could not be introduced. Lin Changchun, the chairman of the Science Teacher Education Committee of China Young Science and Technology Educators Association and a professor at Chongqing Normal University, pointed out that how to improve the quality of science teachers’ training in the new era is an important issue that needs to be studied and solved urgently in the reform of talent training mode for science education majors in colleges and universities.

　　For the first time, the Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress integrated education, science and technology and talents. Strengthening the construction of science teachers and improving the quality of science teachers’ training are the proper actions to implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress and the relevant documents of the Ministry of Education.

　　The Notice on Strengthening the Training of Science Teachers in Primary Schools can be described as "the key to solving the problem". Ren Youqun emphasized that education is a long-term undertaking, and promoting the construction of science teachers in primary schools is a "small incision" that waits for no time. Teachers’ colleges should take the initiative and shoulder the mission of the times to train science teachers, and put strengthening the training of science teachers into the focus of school work.

　　Fortunately, a number of normal universities have found a new way to train talents in science education. For example, Guangxi Normal University, based on its understanding of the importance of science education and teacher training, took the lead in setting up a research institute of science education and offering undergraduate majors in science education more than 20 years ago, and embarked on the pioneering road of discipline, specialty and curriculum construction of science education, even in the most difficult time.

　　According to Luo Xingkai, a professor at the Institute of Science Education of Guangxi Normal University, "it is an innovative practice — — It is not only necessary, but also proved feasible to cultivate high-quality professional and innovative primary and secondary school teachers from the source of normal education by relying on innovation-led and driven practice in concept, content and method.

　　Facing the future, more and more colleges and universities will attach importance to science education like Guangxi Normal University.

　　Science education is related to the implementation of the strategy of strengthening the country through science and technology and the long-term development plan of the country, and science teachers are the source of innovative talents training. We expect more and more outstanding science teachers to emerge continuously, injecting powerful forces into building a strong country through science and technology.

　　Part of the layout of the report on the training of science teachers in China Teachers’ Newspaper

　　Online training and upgrading, innovative teacher education model

　　Putting teacher training on the wings of informationization is an important action to empower teacher education.

　　At the beginning of 2022, the Ministry of Education launched the "Strategic Action of Education Digitalization" to accelerate the digital transformation and intelligent upgrading of education. In March, the National Smart Education Platform was officially launched. In July, the special learning activity of "Summer Teacher Training" on the national wisdom education platform was implemented.

　　It is understood that the topic of "Summer Teacher Training" is the largest special teacher training organized at the national level in recent years for teachers of all levels and types. According to the curriculum of "General Education+Discipline", it provides high-quality digital learning resources, supports teachers to make full use of summer autonomous learning and continuously improve their education and teaching ability. The project provides 2258 resources, and teachers can choose according to their own needs in each course. In terms of study time, teachers can choose their study time flexibly in summer.

　　Since it was officially launched on July 20, 2022, teachers have actively participated. As of August 31, more than 13 million teachers have registered to study in the special topic, and the cumulative number of visits to the special page is nearly 1.3 billion.

　　"Relying on the national wisdom education platform to carry out summer teacher training is an important way to improve teachers’ ability and quality in the digital age, an important practice to innovate teacher education mode and explore the construction of a modern teacher education system, and an active exploration to promote the balanced allocation of quality education resources by digital means." At the special graduation ceremony of "Summer Teacher Training", the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education pointed out.

　　Layout of China Teachers’ Newspaper’s Report on Summer Teachers’ Training

　　Relying on big data, the platform can record what teachers have learned and are learning through personal space, and record the hours. At the same time, the platform has been connected with the national teacher management information system. After teachers log in and verify their identity information, the platform can push personalized learning resources for teachers.

　　Nowadays, the topic of "Winter Teacher Training" of the National Smart Education Platform in 2023 has kicked off, and video resources such as studying, propagating and implementing the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, the national model of teaching and educating people in 2022, and the advanced deeds of special post teachers will be launched soon. A large-scale teacher training based on the digital platform will also be launched.

　　When online training becomes the norm, digital literacy will become an indispensable part of teachers’ new literacy. We believe that more teachers will become practitioners of digital learning, and constantly enhance their awareness of using digital technology to optimize, innovate and change education and teaching activities, so as to "teach better".

Peninsula reporter Hao Chunmei

On the morning of November 15th, a promotion meeting for Shandong Port Group and China Railway Container Company to enter Shanxi to serve customers in the central and western regions was held in Taiyuan, Shanxi. Shandong Port signed five cooperation agreements with partners and customers, unveiled five dry ports in Shandong Port, and put forward six commitments to serve customers, so as to promote cooperation, build a dry port and highlight the promised "real materials", build a convenient, economical and efficient "end-to-end" one-stop logistics service avenue, further strengthen the upstream and downstream connection of port logistics chain, improve the quality of customers in the hinterland of port service, reduce the logistics cost of customers in the central and western regions, and strive to improve the comprehensive service capacity of ports.

The promotion meeting of Shandong Port Group and China Railway Container Company entering Shanxi to serve customers in the central and western regions was held in Taiyuan.

Shanxi is an important energy base in China and the first comprehensive reform pilot of energy revolution, which plays an important role in China’s national economy. Shandong and Shanxi are geographically close, popular and mutually complementary. The convenient and efficient railway and highway network extending in all directions has closely linked the two provinces, making Shandong ports the most economical and convenient seaports in Shanxi and even the vast central and western regions. In 2018, driven by railway arteries such as Wazi and Xinhe Yanri, ports in Shandong provided services to more than 150 important customers in the central and western regions, and completed more than 60 million tons of iron ore, coal and coke.

In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary "pay more attention to managing the ocean" and "accelerate the construction of a world-class marine port", Shandong Port Group was established on August 6 this year, which opened a new page for Shandong ports to grasp their fingers and complement each other’s advantages and accelerate the construction of a world-class marine port. In order to better serve the economic development of the central and western regions and promote a higher level of opening to the outside world, Shandong ports have made efforts in both land and sea, started trains in the land direction, built land ports and expanded the supply of goods, set up three "inland ports" in Xi’ an and Urumqi, opened up new two-way logistics channels between Shandong and South Korea, and added six container sea-rail combined transport lines; Open sea routes, expand cabin capacity and expand transit, and newly open container ocean routes from Qingdao to the North Pole, Qingdao to Southeast Asia and Rizhao to the North Pole. Successfully held the 2019 "Belt and Road" land-sea linkage summit forum, set up a 100-billion-level development fund, set up a land-sea linkage development alliance, and released the East Asia maritime trade index. The new opening pattern of "two-way mutual assistance between east and west and linkage between land and sea" was accelerated. From January to October, the total cargo throughput of Shandong ports was 1.09 billion tons, an increase of 8.6% year-on-year; The container throughput was 24.47 million TEUs, up 9% year-on-year, showing a good trend of rising volume and efficiency and rising against the trend.

Shandong Port signed strategic cooperation agreements with five major enterprises to build a cooperative community with close ties, risk sharing and benefit sharing.

At the promotion meeting, Shandong Port Group signed cooperation agreements with China Railway Container Company, Shandong Port Qingdao Port Group and China Railway Container Jinan Branch, Shandong Port Rizhao Port Group and China Railway Container Taiyuan Branch, Shanxi Shide Energy Group, Shandong Port Yantai Port Group and Shanxi Aluminum Corporation, which further built a cooperative community with close ties, shared risks and benefits.

At the same time, five dry ports of Shandong Port Group, such as China Railway Group Jiexiu Dry Port, Anyang Xiangdao Dry Port, Xiaoyi Modern Logistics Park Dry Port, Shanxi Nengtou Caijiaya Dry Port and Puyang Dry Port, were unveiled. The layout of the five dry ports comprehensively considers the advantages of railway container transportation and resource location, and will further integrate upstream and downstream resources to create an integrated logistics service integrating warehousing, processing, transportation, trading and financial services.

Shandong Port and China Railway Container Company respectively introduced their business and launched six service commitments. Among them, there are not only the efficiency commitment that the entry and exit time of the 10,000-ton train of Wari Railway should not exceed 6 hours, but also the personalized service measures such as "changing large trains to small trains", "changing large trains to land transport" and "changing large trains to bulk trains", and building an active trade platform of "selling for mines and purchasing for factories", etc., which shows the confidence and sincerity of Shandong Port in serving customers in the central and western regions and working together for win-win development.

Mr. Li Fengli, Deputy Secretary, Director and General Manager of Shandong Port Group, delivered a speech.

Li Fengli, deputy secretary, director and general manager of the Party Committee of Shandong Port Group, said in his speech that in recent days, major national strategies such as the Shandong New and Old Kinetic Energy Conversion Comprehensive Experimental Zone, the Shandong Pilot Free Trade Zone and the China-SCO Cooperation Demonstration Zone have continuously empowered Shandong and Qingdao. The Shandong port at the crossroads of the Belt and Road Initiative has ushered in a golden opportunity for development, and its role and advantages in serving the country’s opening to the outside world have become more prominent. Shandong Port will join hands with railway departments, customs, shipping companies and logistics enterprises to "move" the seaport to the door of customers in Shanxi and even the vast central and western regions, speed up the construction of an "end-to-end" whole logistics service system, and strive to provide customers with the "four most" services with the highest efficiency, the best service, the safest operation and the most reasonable price.

More than 300 people from relevant leaders of Taiyuan Municipal Government, Customs and Railways, representatives of customers in the central and western regions, and representatives of port groups in Shandong Port attended the promotion meeting.

Zhang Jiyi, Party Secretary and Chairman of China Railway Container Transportation Co., Ltd., Wang Ligang, Standing Committee Member of Taiyuan Municipal Committee and Executive Deputy Mayor, Liu Feng, Deputy General Manager of China Railway Taiyuan Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Ding Yongmin, Deputy General Manager of China Railway Jinan Bureau Group Co., Ltd. attended the promotion meeting. Sun Zhengfu, a member of the leadership team of Shandong Port Group and deputy secretary, director and general manager of Bohai Bay Port Party Committee of Shandong Port, attended the event, which was presided over by Liu Guotian, deputy secretary and general manager of Rizhao Port Party Committee of Shandong Port. More than 300 people from relevant leaders of Taiyuan Municipal Government, Customs and Railways, representatives of customers in the central and western regions, and representatives of port groups in Shandong Port attended the promotion meeting.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader accurately summed up the advanced deeds of Comrade Huang Danian with the words "having a big ego, serving the country sincerely, teaching and educating people, being the first, being indifferent to fame and fortune, and being willing to contribute". The important instructions of the General Secretary are rich in connotation, profound in thought and sincere, which is not only a high conciseness of Huang Danian’s spirit, but also a high expectation for all our educators; It not only adds a strong impetus for teachers and students to consciously shoulder the mission of the new era, but also clarifies the direction of efforts and provides basic follow-up for us to correctly grasp the law of talent training.

It is one of the important tasks for universities in China in the new era to run through the whole process, all-round and all-staff of university education and teaching, to promote the ideological and political courses and the courses’ ideological and political work together and complement each other, and to build a big pattern of educating people. It has always been a fine tradition of education in our country to "educate people" before "cultivate morality", and to pay attention to the organic unity of preaching, teaching and solving doubts and educating people and educating talents. As a teacher in the new era, we should persist in establishing ourselves, learning and teaching with morality, pay attention to strengthening the education of students’ world outlook, outlook on life and values, inherit and innovate the excellent Chinese traditional culture, and actively guide modern students to establish a correct view of the country, nationality, history and culture, so as to cultivate more talents with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor for the society and train qualified builders and reliable successors for the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Establish oneself by virtue,The teacher ispersonnel trainingofkey

"Learning to be a teacher is highly respected." An excellent teacher should not only have a wealth of knowledge, but also have a good ethics, so that the students he teaches can not only improve their professional knowledge, but also learn how to be a capitalized person from the teacher’s teaching.

Comrade Huang Danian is an outstanding representative of the geoscience teachers in Jida University, from whom we can learn many valuable qualities as teachers. Among the geoscience teachers, the geological spirit of "three glories" and "four specialities" is passed down from generation to generation. Be proud of dedicating yourself to the geological cause, being proud of hard work, and being proud of making contributions to prospecting; "Especially hard-working, especially patient, especially fighting, especially dedicated." The wheel of history is rolling forward, and the torrent of the times is vast. Only the feelings of learning will be passed down forever and last forever. Do not forget your initiative mind, a countless geologist, is willing to be a small "screw", only to push forward the geological cause of China, and only to strive for the prosperity of the country and the happiness of the people.

Teachers are different from other professions, and they are "gardeners" who cultivate and shape people. Teachers’ words and deeds will have an impact on students, even for life. I think university teachers should have the following three "certificates": one is the certificate of educational concept and professional quality. Teachers’ educational concept and professional quality are two dominant aspects that restrict the behavior and quality of class. Idea is the forerunner of behavior, and behavior is the embodiment of idea. Educational concept directly affects teachers’ educational behavior, moral behavior and teaching attitude, and educational concept is the soul of teachers’ professional ethics. In the new era, teachers are required to set up a new concept of education, development and students. The second is the certificate of scientific research ability and literacy. Now is the information age, the classroom boundary is vague, or there is no boundary in the classroom. Classroom education has higher and higher requirements for teachers’ comprehensive quality and knowledge reserve. We used to say that if we want to give students a glass of water, we must have a bucket of water. I think this is far from enough. You should not only have a bucket of water, but also become a stream, a stream with endless running water. The third is the certificate of controlling classroom ability. To do a good job in classroom teaching, preparing lessons is the premise; To prepare for the class well, I think we should: fully control the teaching content and target teaching; Form reasonable teaching methods and learning methods to improve teaching quality; To combine modern teaching means with traditional teaching mode; Use good education and teaching language to improve classroom control ability; Understand students’ psychology, highlight personality cultivation, effectively improve classroom quality and activate classroom atmosphere.

Learning by virtue,Talent cultivation is a process.

The cultivation of talents should conform to the growth law of talents, and it is necessary to moisten things quietly, such as salt into water, and adjust them properly, which cannot be achieved overnight. The process of studying and living in university for four years is also the process of the formation and maturity of students’ outlook on life and world, which needs scientific guidance and guidance to form a positive energy, positive and correct world outlook, so the course of ideological and political education is very important and necessary. Through objective guidance, perfect education and comprehensive training, students should consciously develop the concept of independent innovation, serving the country and society, and the attitude of wholeheartedly contributing to the country’s economic construction.

Therefore, from the beginning of freshmen’s enrollment, Geological Exploration College has built a comprehensive and in-depth "three-round education" system. From the first lesson of entrance education, cultivate students’ grateful attitude and development perspective, thank your parents for cultivating you into a college student, and learn to respect, filial piety and understand them; Thanks to our harmonious and beautiful social environment and socialist system, we can study calmly in the classroom. At the same time, cultivate students’ sense of responsibility and responsible attitude. As students of first-class universities in China, the future development of China is realized and built by them; Let the students realize that the geoscience major bears the application demand and scientific research mission from the country and society, has the difficulties and hardships from its own professional characteristics, and inherits the responsibilities and methods, values and beliefs laid by countless predecessors. We will certainly further realize social values, industry values and personal values in the process of continuous learning and research, and so on. Construct a curriculum system to introduce and guide the professional connotation in real time, so that students can understand, understand and love the specialty. Establish the whole process of the class teacher system, real-time understanding of students’ learning dynamics, learning difficulties and ideological fluctuations; Help them to understand and understand the professional system, and how to learn professional knowledge, how to radiate relevant knowledge, how to improve their own quality, how to participate in various social activities and practice innovation and entrepreneurship training, such as the selection of majors in grade one, the selection of major projects and basic geological practice in grade two, the production practice in grade three, the graduation topic in grade four and how to plan their lives.We should build a consultation and psychological counseling mechanism for key nodes in students’ development period, face the characteristics of college students in the new era, communicate with students in time, conduct regular counseling education, help students make correct life choices, but not arrange and substitute, strengthen their self-decision-making and judgment ability, and tell them how to work and study under the constraint of moral and legal bottom line.

Under the concept of "three-round education", the college has been emphasizing research and innovation in the teaching process for many years, and put forward the concept of combining "strictness, research and elegance" to cultivate talents. According to the characteristics and development of geosciences, we established the "Li Siguang Geophysical Experimental Class" in 2009, strengthened the training mode of geophysical science and engineering integration, created a talent training base combining theory with technology, and subtly promoted and publicized the scientific spirit of the older generation of scientists. At the same time, the modern scientific and technological elements are combined with the talent training method in real time and effectively, and the "virtual simulation center and popular science base for three-dimensional exploration of geological resources" is created; The college has set up the "Huang Danian Innovation Class" to cultivate a group of reformers and innovators in the new era who are "big-minded and sincere in serving the country"; Established the Huang Danian Fund and opened the Huang Danian website; Huang Danian Education Base was established with Guangxi Guigang Gangbei High School. These measures have created a good space for students to stabilize their professional study and realize their patriotic ambitions and life goals.

Teaching by virtue,Grasp the direction of talent training

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a major strategic plan for "accelerating the reform of ecological civilization system and building a beautiful China". The strategic, basic and systematic scientific and technological support role of earth science in building a community of human destiny has become increasingly prominent, which has created new opportunities and put forward new requirements for geological talents to make contributions in the new era.

Over the past few years, we have taken party member’s exemplary role as a demonstration and guidance, and taken Party building as a carrier to form a talent training atmosphere and mechanism for patriotism and service to the country. The Party Committee of the College of Earth Exploration Science and Technology of Jilin University is the first batch of national benchmark departments for party building work of the Ministry of Education (2018), the solid geophysics faculty party branch of Jilin University is the first batch of "double-leader" party branch secretary studio of the Ministry of Education (2018), and the second party branch of undergraduates of the College of Earth Exploration Science and Technology of Jilin University is the model party building work branch of Jilin University (2019). The party branch of Dixin Postgraduates of College of Earth Exploration Science and Technology of Jilin University is a model branch of party building work of Jilin University (2019). The main line of these party organizations is talent training and scientific research, and talent training is the central work. The top-level design of the college is implemented and distributed, and the party building work is built in all aspects of branches, teachers, classrooms and teaching. Appropriate combat effectiveness, influence and vanguard and exemplary leading role always affect students, so that students can always feel the advanced nature and practical value of party leadership, feel the development of China society in the process of national strength, and make clear their own mission and responsibility.

We also revealed the historical mission undertaken by the Geological Exploration Institute of Jilin University as a part of the strategic layout of the Republic’s construction in the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China and its historical contribution in the past 67 years, revisited the "initial intention of geological exploration", kept in mind the "mission of geological exploration", enriched the education culture, stimulated the spirit of scientific research, and dared to explore and forge ahead; For retired college teachers, alumni at home and abroad and in-service teachers, collect "ground exploration stories", collect information on the development of college disciplines, collect information on the growth of sages such as the founders of disciplines, and explore inspirational models; On the basis of published books such as "The Exploration of the Earth" and "The Course of the Exploration of the Earth", and the memorial room of the national outstanding teacher, outstanding Communist party member and Professor Shen Ninghua, one of the founders of geophysics, etc., review the "initial intention of the exploration of the earth", keep in mind the "mission of the exploration of the earth", and further integrate rich ideological and political education resources such as Li Siguang, Zhang Qiusheng, Shen Ninghua and Huang Danian; Tell Huang Danian’s story and spiritual connotation well among students, tell stories and advanced deeds well, let Huang Danian’s spirit blend into students’ spiritual world, let Huang Danian’s story spread among students, let our students feel a real sense of honor and mission, make them study hard consciously, form a sense of responsibility and mission as a big country, and become a pillar of the country.

A series of articles on teachers’ morality and the construction of study style;

President Zhang Xi: Some thoughts on the construction of teachers’ morality and study style

Moral Education, Truth-seeking and Innovation —— Speech at the 2020 Teacher’s Day Celebration and Commendation Conference of Jilin University

Seeking Truth and Pursuing Excellence —— Speech at the Opening Ceremony of Class of 2020 Freshmen

Principal Zhang Xi: Practice of Integration of Research and Learning

Professor Liu Zhongshu: Creating Excellent School Spirit and Learning Style and Strengthening the Construction of Teaching Staff

Professor Chi Baorong: The Soul of a Virtue Teacher; Teaching by example is better than teaching by words.

Professor Sun Zhengyu: Supporting teaching with scientific research and cultivating people with theory.

Professor Zhang Hanzhuang: Deepening Curriculum Construction and Practicing Education Mission

Professor Cai Lidong: Shielding the ego from crossing the ID and forging the ego.

Academician Ren Luquan: The cultivation of teachers’ morality lies in seeking truth and the cultivation of study style lies in seeking truth.

Professor Han Xiping: To be a new era teacher with noble morality and responsibility.

Jilin University held a special education report meeting on the construction of teachers’ morality and study style

Professor Jiang Qichuan: Fulfilling the mission and responsibility of a people’s teacher.

Jilin University held a special education report meeting on "Pre-service training of teachers in Jilin University and the construction of teachers’ morality and study style"

Jilin University held the third report meeting on the special education of "Pre-service training for teachers and the construction of teachers’ morality and study style". Professor Zhang Hanzhuang gave a report entitled "Do not forget your initiative mind remembers its mission"

Professor Wei Cuncheng: Teaching and scientific research are complementary.

Professor Lu Geyu: Insist on seeking truth from facts and innovation, adhere to academic integrity, and do meaningful and tasteful scientific research.

For more information, please clickTeachers’ morality and the construction of study styleSpecial topic:

https://news.jlu.edu.cn/zthd1/sdyxfjs.htm

General Office of Tianjin Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing Tianjin Municipality

Notice of Emergency Plan for Long-distance Oil and Gas Pipeline Accidents

No.13 [2022] of Tianjin Zhengban Regulation

District People’s governments, municipal government commissions, offices and bureaus:

With the consent of the Municipal People’s Government, the Emergency Plan for Long-distance Oil and Gas Pipeline Accidents in Tianjin is hereby issued to you, please implement it accordingly.

General Office of Tianjin Municipal People’s Government

September 19, 2022

Emergency plan for long-distance oil and gas pipeline accidents in Tianjin

1 General rules

1.1 Purpose of compilation

Effectively prevent and deal with accidents in long-distance oil and gas pipelines (hereinafter referred to as oil and gas pipelines), standardize emergency response procedures, improve emergency response capabilities, minimize the degree of accident harm, safeguard national energy security and public safety, promote coordinated and healthy economic and social development, and maintain social stability.

1.2 Compilation basis

According to People’s Republic of China (PRC) Emergency Response Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Safety Production Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Oil and Gas Pipeline Protection Law, Regulations on Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals, Tianjin Oil and Gas Pipeline Protection Regulations, Tianjin Overall Emergency Plan and other laws, regulations and normative documents, this plan is formulated in combination with the actual situation of this Municipality.

1.3 Scope of application

This plan is applicable to the emergency treatment of accidents such as leakage, fire or explosion in the process of running, stopping running, sealing and scrapping of the inland oil and gas long-distance pipeline in Tianjin administrative area.

This plan is linked with the Overall Emergency Plan for Emergencies in Tianjin and the Emergency Plan for Hazardous Chemicals Accidents in Tianjin, and has a guiding role for the District People’s Government (hereinafter referred to as the District People’s Government) and member units to formulate emergency plans or safeguard plans for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

1.4 working principles

(1) adhere to the people-oriented, prevention first. Always put the protection of people’s life and health and property safety in the first place, improve the mechanism and strengthen measures. Implement the policy of safety first, prevention first and comprehensive treatment, adhere to the combination of prevention and emergency response, strengthen prevention, and minimize accidents and personnel and property losses.

(2) Adhere to unified command and be responsible at different levels. In accordance with the deployment requirements of the municipal party committee and the municipal government, the relevant municipal departments, the District People’s governments and relevant enterprises and institutions shall perform their respective duties and deal with them effectively.

(3) Adhere to the combination of standby, specialization and combination. People’s governments at all levels and relevant enterprises make overall plans and integrate resources, set up various professional and part-time emergency teams, and make solid preparations for accidents while doing a good job in daily safety production.

(4) Adhere to scientific disposal and strengthen management. Give full play to the role of experts, professional technology and special equipment, scientifically dispose of them, improve the management level, and continuously improve the emergency response capability.

(5) Adhere to openness and transparency and guide correctly. Comprehensively, timely, legally and accurately release the development and handling of accidents, and correctly guide public opinion.

1.5 accident classification

According to the casualties or direct economic losses caused by oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents in this city are divided into four grades: particularly serious, major, large and general.

2 Organization and command system

2.1 Command organization

The establishment of emergency headquarters (hereinafter referred to as the municipal headquarters) for the accident of Tianjin oil and gas long-distance pipeline, with the deputy mayor in charge of development and reform as the chief commander and the relevant deputy secretary-general of the Municipal People’s Government and the principal responsible comrades of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Municipal Emergency Bureau as the deputy chief commander.

The main responsibilities of the municipal headquarters are: to implement the relevant laws, regulations, rules and policies on accident prevention and response of long-distance oil and gas pipelines; Organize and carry out the emergency handling of large and above oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents in this Municipality, and guide the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred to carry out the emergency handling of general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Do a good job in coordinating with relevant provinces and cities for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents in administrative areas across provinces and cities; Request support from relevant state departments and relevant provinces and cities.

2.2 Office

The emergency headquarters Office of Tianjin Oil and Gas Long-distance Pipeline Accident (hereinafter referred to as the Office of the Municipal Command) is under the Municipal Command. The office of the municipal headquarters is located in the Municipal Development and Reform Commission. The director of the office is mainly responsible comrades of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, and the members are composed of relevant liaison personnel of the member units of the municipal headquarters.

The main duties of the office of the municipal headquarters are: to undertake the daily work of the municipal headquarters; Organize the implementation of the work arrangements of the municipal headquarters; To carry out the compilation and revision of the emergency plan for long-distance oil and gas pipeline accidents in the city; Collect and report accidents and emergency rescue.

2.3 Member units

(1) Municipal Development and Reform Commission: responsible for the supervision and management of pipeline protection within the administrative area of this Municipality, coordinating and handling major issues in pipeline protection, guiding and supervising relevant units to fulfill their obligations of pipeline protection, and investigating and punishing illegal acts endangering pipeline safety according to law; Coordinate the dispatching and supply safety of oil and gas resources in this city after the accident of oil and gas long-distance pipeline; Participate in accident assessment, investigation and handling of long-distance oil and gas pipelines.

(2) Municipal Emergency Bureau: responsible for organizing on-site emergency rescue of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Organize, coordinate and mobilize relevant professional emergency rescue teams and experts to participate in accident emergency treatment; Organize and guide the rescue assessment, investigation and handling of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents of corresponding grades according to law.

(3) Municipal Public Security Bureau: responsible for on-site warning, sealing and control, traffic control and public order maintenance of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents to ensure smooth rescue roads; Organize personnel evacuation and evacuation; Responsible for the investigation of suspects suspected of committing crimes in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

(4) City Fire and Rescue Corps: responsible for organizing fire fighting in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Carry out emergency rescue work focusing on saving people’s lives.

(5) Propaganda Department of the Municipal Party Committee (Information Office of the Municipal Government): responsible for organizing and guiding relevant units to do a good job in news reporting, information release, public opinion analysis, public opinion guidance and media services of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

(6) Network Information Office of the Municipal Party Committee: responsible for coordinating the inspection, analysis, judgment and response of relevant online public opinions, timely regulating the online popularity of sensitive topics, and controlling all kinds of online harmful information such as politics, incitement and "backward flow"; Guide the formulation of authoritative voice caliber, and check and eliminate online rumors together; Organize online media and online review teams to carry out online publicity and guidance; Standardize the reporting and online communication order of local online media reporters, and deal with all kinds of illegal behaviors of local website platforms according to law.

(7) Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology: cooperate with relevant departments in the production, storage and transportation of production materials and relief materials needed to deal with oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Responsible for ensuring emergency communication frequency and implementing radio control according to law.

(8) Civil Affairs Bureau: responsible for providing basic living security for the affected people who meet the conditions of temporary relief; Work with the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred to dispose of the remains of the victims.

(9) Municipal Finance Bureau: responsible for providing financial guarantee for emergency treatment of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

(10) Municipal Bureau of Planning and Resources: responsible for jointly carrying out meteorological risk forecasting and early warning of geological disasters in flood season with the Municipal Meteorological Bureau, and undertaking technical support for emergency rescue of geological disasters; Responsible for surveying and mapping support for emergency handling of accidents.

(11) Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment: responsible for evaluating the environmental pollution that may be caused by oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; On-site monitoring of environmental pollution caused; Put forward suggestions on pollution disposal, and organize and coordinate relevant units to dispose of accident pollutants; Put forward suggestions on the time and area of establishing and removing pollution warning.

(12) Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Development Committee: responsible for assisting in the emergency rescue, accident assessment and investigation and handling related to buildings and structures in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and organizing and coordinating the call of professional rescue teams and large-scale construction machinery in this industry.

(13) Municipal Urban Management Committee (including Municipal Public Utilities Bureau): responsible for guiding the emergency repair of public facilities such as heat supply, gas supply and urban roads and bridges damaged in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

(14) Municipal Transportation Commission (including Municipal Road Transportation Bureau and Municipal Port and Shipping Bureau): responsible for organizing and coordinating the relevant departments to carry out the work of highway rushing and ensuring traffic; Cooperate with relevant departments to do a good job in ensuring the fast-track service of emergency rescue vehicles in the administrative area of this Municipality; Responsible for the transportation of disaster victims and relief materials; Participate in the emergency handling of hazardous chemical accidents involving port operators of dangerous goods in the port area.

(15) Municipal Health and Wellness Committee: responsible for on-site medical treatment, transportation and in-hospital treatment of injured persons in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and reporting the number of casualties and medical treatment to the municipal headquarters; Responsible for technical guidance on health and epidemic prevention.

(16) Municipal Market Supervision Committee: responsible for assisting in emergency rescue, accident assessment, investigation and handling related to special equipment in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

(17) Municipal Meteorological Bureau: responsible for providing meteorological support services for emergency treatment of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and providing timely meteorological data such as wind direction, wind speed, temperature, humidity, air pressure and rainfall at the accident site and surrounding areas; Assist in the regional judgment of air pollution diffusion caused by oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and make suggestions on the time and region for establishing and lifting pollution alarms.

(18) Municipal Water Affairs Bureau: responsible for assisting in emergency rescue, accident assessment, investigation and handling related to water system in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

According to the needs of disposal, the municipal headquarters will adjust and supplement the member units in a timely manner.

2.4 Field Command

In the event of a general oil and gas pipeline accident, the district people’s government where the accident occurred shall set up an emergency rescue site command, and the principal responsible comrades of the district people’s government shall be the site commander. In case of a major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident, the Municipal Command will set up an emergency rescue site command, with the principal responsible comrades of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission as the site commander and the responsible comrades of the Municipal Emergency Bureau as the site deputy commander. In case of particularly serious and major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, in accordance with the deployment requirements of the municipal party Committee and the municipal government, the on-site headquarters will be established based on the municipal headquarters. If the site commander-in-chief changes, the handover of relevant work should be done well.

2.5 Working Group

According to the disposal needs, the on-site command can set up working groups such as comprehensive coordination group, emergency disposal group, order maintenance group, medical treatment group, environmental monitoring group, comprehensive support group and news public opinion group.

(1) comprehensive coordination group. Led by the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, with the participation of the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred and the members of the municipal headquarters, it is responsible for coordinating the dispatching and supply safety of oil and gas resources in this city after the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident; To undertake the on-duty work of the on-site command, and be responsible for receiving and forwarding the instructions of the municipal command; Collect and summarize the on-site disposal and emergency rescue documents.

(2) Emergency response team. Led by the Municipal Emergency Bureau, with the participation of the Municipal Fire and Rescue Corps, the Municipal Market Supervision Committee, the Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Development Committee, the Municipal Planning and Resources Bureau and other relevant departments in the area where the incident occurred, as well as oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises, it is responsible for collecting and summarizing relevant data, making accident situation judgments, organizing the formulation of accident emergency response work plans, and organizing the implementation of the plans; Effectively carry out on-site control and search and rescue of people in distress; Organize and coordinate emergency experts, rescue teams and relevant forces to participate in emergency response work in an orderly manner.

(3) order maintenance group. Led by the Municipal Public Security Bureau, with the participation of relevant departments in the district where the accident occurred, it is responsible for on-site protection, maintaining public order and vigilance, implementing traffic control, and ensuring smooth rescue roads; Responsible for organizing the evacuation of personnel in the toxic substance diffusion area; Responsible for the identity verification of the dead and missing persons and the identification of the victims.

(4) Medical treatment group. Led by the Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, responsible for organizing relevant medical institutions to rush to the scene of the accident in time to carry out medical treatment and transshipment of the wounded; Inform the on-site command about the medical treatment of the wounded.

(5) Environmental Monitoring Group. Led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, with the participation of the Municipal Water Affairs Bureau and the Municipal Meteorological Bureau, it is responsible for monitoring the atmosphere, water quality and soil at the scene of the accident, putting forward pollution control suggestions and assisting in verifying the pollution damage; Provide meteorological support services, provide meteorological data, forecast and early warning information of the accident site and surrounding areas, and provide technical basis for judging the diffusion direction and scope of toxic and harmful gases.

(6) Comprehensive support group. Led by the district people’s government where the incident occurred, with the participation of the Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Civil Affairs Bureau, the Municipal Emergency Bureau, the Municipal Transportation Commission, the Municipal Urban Management Committee and other departments, it is responsible for providing comprehensive service resources in a timely manner according to the needs of accident handling.

(7) News and public opinion group. Led by the Propaganda Department of the Municipal Party Committee (Information Office of the Municipal Government), with the participation of relevant municipal departments and the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred, it is responsible for organizing the drafting of press releases and notices on accidents of oil and gas long-distance pipelines, formulating press release plans, organizing press releases in a timely manner, and carrying out public opinion monitoring and response work.

2.6 District level emergency command organization

According to the principle of territorial management, an emergency command organization for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be established in the area where the oil and gas long-distance pipeline passes, which shall be responsible for the general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents within its jurisdiction, timely carry out the pre-treatment of large and above oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and cooperate with the municipal headquarters to do the emergency treatment; Responsible for the construction and management of emergency rescue teams and emergency materials and equipment required within their respective jurisdictions; Responsible for the evacuation, resettlement, living security and social stability of the people in the accident area; Responsible for oil and gas cleaning, collection and after-treatment at the accident site.

3 Prevention and early warning

3.1 Monitoring

Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises should establish an oil and gas long-distance pipeline operation monitoring mechanism, implement the main responsibility of the enterprise, organize risk assessment and risk management, manage risks as early as possible, properly control risks, and report information that may cause pipeline accidents or other disasters to the relevant municipal departments, units and the local District People’s government in a timely manner.

The District People’s Government shall establish and improve the information monitoring system for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, improve the information sharing mechanism, collect information through various channels such as daily inspections, grass-roots units’ reports and social public reports, strengthen the comprehensive analysis and evaluation of information, and improve the accuracy and timeliness of relevant forecasts. Major holidays, major events, sensitive periods, disastrous weather and other special periods, supervision and inspection should be strengthened, and emergency duty and information reporting should be strengthened.

3.2 Early warning

3.2.1 Early warning forwarding

The office of the municipal headquarters analyzes and judges the information received from meteorological and geological disasters that may lead to oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, forwards the risk warning information to the oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises in time, and requires the oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises to strengthen prevention and reduce the possibility of pipeline accidents.

3.2.2 Early warning response

(1) After receiving the early warning information, oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises shall take the following measures as appropriate:

① Strengthen the inspection and monitoring of long-distance oil and gas pipelines;

② Pay close attention to the weather change and the development trend of geological disasters, and predict the possibility, influence range and possible accident level of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents;

(3) prepare or directly start the corresponding emergency plan, and the emergency rescue team and professionals are on standby;

(4) Assemble materials and equipment needed for emergency treatment and rescue, and take temporary engineering measures for relevant oil and gas long-distance pipelines as required;

⑤ Other necessary preventive and protective measures stipulated by laws, regulations and rules.

(2) After receiving the early warning information, the district people’s governments and relevant member units shall take the following measures as appropriate:

① Pay close attention to the weather changes and the development trend of geological disasters, forward the latest trends in time, keep close contact with oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises, and timely grasp the influence of weather and geological disasters fed back by oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises on oil and gas long-distance pipelines;

(2) Be prepared to start the emergency plan for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, release relevant information to the public who may be affected by oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents when necessary, and make good preparations for personnel evacuation in relevant areas;

(3) Organize prevention and control of key parts, restrict the use of places vulnerable to accidents of long-distance oil and gas pipelines, implement traffic control when necessary, and close dangerous areas and roads;

(4) Organize relevant emergency rescue teams and professionals to enter standby state, and assemble and raise materials and equipment needed for emergency treatment and rescue;

⑤ Other necessary preventive and protective measures stipulated by laws, regulations and rules.

4 information reporting and pre-disposal

4.1 Information report

4.1.1 Reporting procedure

In the event of a long-distance oil and gas pipeline accident, the oil and gas pipeline enterprise shall immediately start the emergency plan for the pipeline accident of the enterprise, timely notify the residents and units that may be harmed by the accident in accordance with the regulations, take effective measures to eliminate or reduce the accident harm, and report to the development and reform, emergency management, public security, ecological environment and other departments in the area where the accident occurred in accordance with the regulations, and shall not conceal, falsely report or delay the report. After receiving the report, the relevant departments in the district where the incident occurred should report the relevant information to the District People’s Government and the relevant municipal departments by telephone within 30 minutes and in writing within 1 hour. The relevant departments of the district and city where the incident occurred shall report the basic situation of the accident to the municipal party committee and government in writing within 30 minutes and 1 hour after receiving the report, in accordance with the principle of receiving the report and reporting it at any time. For the municipal party committee and municipal government to verify the situation, the telephone feedback time shall not exceed 20 minutes. After the city leaders give instructions and put forward requirements, the relevant districts and departments should report the implementation in a timely manner.

4.1.2 Report content

The contents of the report include the reporting unit, the name of the reporter, the source of information, the time and place of the accident, the initial casualties and the measures taken. After the initial report, the information reporting unit shall timely report the accident dynamics and disposal progress.

4.2 Pre-disposal

4.2.1 Enterprises involved

Quickly cut off oil and gas sources and power supply, set up warning signs, and notify units and personnel within the scope of accident hazards to evacuate and transfer quickly; Take effective measures to prevent the situation from expanding and secondary disasters; Quickly mobilize enterprise rescue teams and emergency rescue materials and equipment to carry out emergency rescue work.

4.2.2 District People’s Government

According to the nature of the incident, the degree of harm, the scope of influence and the development trend, quickly mobilize forces to carry out emergency rescue; Take effective measures to control the development of the situation; Quickly transfer, evacuate, and evacuate people who are endangered or threatened by accidents and properly arrange them; Organize medical treatment, traffic control, and maintaining social order.

5 emergency response

5.1 Response classification

According to the damage degree and influence scope of the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident, the emergency response of the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident in this city is divided into three levels, from low to high, they are level 3, level 2 and level 1 respectively.

5.1.1 Three-level emergency response

When it is initially judged that a general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident occurs, the district-level emergency response will be started in the area where the accident occurred, and the municipal headquarters office will start the third-level emergency response as appropriate.

(1) The director of the municipal headquarters office, responsible comrades of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Municipal Emergency Bureau, the Municipal Fire Rescue Corps, the Municipal Market Supervision Commission, the Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Commission, the Municipal Planning and Resources Bureau, the Municipal Public Security Bureau, the Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, the Municipal Ecological Environment Bureau, the Municipal Water Affairs Bureau, the Municipal Meteorological Bureau, the Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Civil Affairs Bureau, the Municipal Transportation Commission, the Municipal Urban Management Commission, the Municipal Propaganda Department and the Municipal Network Information Office rushed to the site. Each working group and the member units of the municipal headquarters organize relevant personnel of their own groups and departments to take up their posts in their own units and departments, and prepare for emergency response.

(2) Disposal work

① Office of the Municipal Command: collect and sort out the emergency handling of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents in the area where the incident occurred in time, make statistics on the casualties and losses of the accidents, report them to the responsible comrades of the Municipal Command, and notify the relevant units.

② Comprehensive coordination group: receiving and forwarding instructions for emergency handling of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Timely coordinate and track the implementation of emergency disposal instructions for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents by the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred and relevant units; Do a good job in coordinating the oil and gas resources dispatching in this city after the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident.

③ Emergency response group: to guide the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred to do a good job in emergency response to oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Organize emergency rescue experts to stand by for 24 hours, and prepare for emergency rescue technical guidance for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents at any time; Organize relevant professional emergency rescue teams to stand by; Send experts to provide technical support as needed.

④ Medical treatment group: guiding the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred to do a good job in medical treatment of the wounded; Notify relevant medical institutions to prepare for rushing to the scene of the accident to carry out medical treatment for the wounded.

⑤ Order maintenance group: According to the field situation, make preparations for starting the second-level emergency response, such as on-site warning and control, traffic control, public order maintenance and smooth rescue roads.

⑥ Environmental monitoring group: guide the area where the incident occurred to provide meteorological support services; Pay close attention to the changes of the situation, and make preparations for starting the second-level emergency response to provide meteorological support services and monitoring the atmosphere, water quality and soil at the accident site.

⑦ Comprehensive support group: sort out emergency materials and equipment for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents and prepare for allocation.

⑧ News and public opinion group: to guide the area where the incident occurred to organize the release of accident information of long-distance oil and gas pipelines; Guide the area where the incident occurred to carry out public opinion monitoring and response work.

Pet-name ruby other members of the city headquarters in accordance with their duties to do a good job in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident emergency rescue preparation and security work.

5.1.2 Secondary Emergency Response

When a large oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident was initially judged, the municipal headquarters decided to start the second-level emergency response.

(1) On the basis of the three-level emergency response personnel, all members of the municipal headquarters in charge of the responsible comrades organize their own personnel to rush to the scene of the accident, and carry out corresponding emergency response work according to the division of responsibilities in this plan, the emergency plan of the unit department and the command and dispatch of the municipal headquarters.

(2) the director of the office of the municipal headquarters presided over a consultation meeting at the on-site headquarters to organize and coordinate the emergency response work.

(3) Disposal work

All working groups, relevant departments and units, on the basis of doing a good job in three-level emergency response, further do the following work:

① Field headquarters: The field commander-in-chief is responsible for overall planning of emergency response work, mainly directing and coordinating the emergency response work of comprehensive coordination group, environmental monitoring group, comprehensive support group and news and public opinion group; The deputy commander-in-chief on site is responsible for conducting emergency response command and dispatch, mainly directing and coordinating the emergency response work of emergency response group, order maintenance group and medical treatment group.

② Comprehensive coordination group: to coordinate the oil and gas resources dispatching and supply safety in this city after the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident; To undertake the on-duty work of the on-site headquarters, and receive and forward the instructions of the municipal headquarters; Collect and summarize the on-site disposal and emergency rescue documents.

③ Emergency response group: collect and summarize relevant data, make accident situation judgment, organize the formulation of accident emergency response work plan, and organize the implementation of the plan; Effectively carry out on-site control and search and rescue of people in distress; Organize and coordinate emergency experts, rescue teams and relevant forces to participate in emergency response work in an orderly manner.

(4) Order maintenance group: protect the accident site, maintain public order and vigilance, implement traffic control, and ensure the smooth rescue road; Organize the evacuation of personnel in the toxic substance diffusion area; Check the identity of the dead and lost, and identify the identity of the victims.

⑤ Medical treatment group: rushed to the scene of the accident in time to carry out medical treatment and transportation of the wounded; Inform the on-site command about the medical treatment of the wounded.

⑥ Environmental monitoring group: pay close attention to the weather changes and provide meteorological data, forecast and early warning information of the accident site and surrounding areas; Monitor the environmental pollution of the atmosphere, water quality and soil at the accident site, put forward pollution control suggestions, assist in verifying the pollution damage, and provide technical basis for judging the diffusion direction and scope of toxic and harmful gases.

⑦ Comprehensive support group: notify the relevant personnel of the emergency rescue materials reserve unit to take up their posts, make good preparations for dispatching emergency materials, and the reserve unit will organize dispatching in time as appropriate; According to the transportation route of rescue and relief materials, organize to ensure the traffic order along the road to ensure that the rescue and relief materials are in place in time; Plan and assemble transport vehicles needed for emergency rescue and disaster relief operations, and perform transportation tasks at any time; To guide the people’s government of the district where the incident occurred to prepare for the emergency rescue team and the people around the accident; Provide financial guarantee for the emergency treatment of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

⑧ News and public opinion group: organize the drafting of press releases and notices on accidents of long-distance oil and gas pipelines, formulate press release plans, organize press releases in a timely manner, and carry out public opinion monitoring and response work.

Pet-name ruby other members of the city headquarters in accordance with their duties to do a good job in oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident emergency rescue preparation and security work.

5.1.3 Level I Emergency Response

When a particularly serious oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident is initially judged, according to the decision of the municipal party Committee and the municipal government, the municipal headquarters will start the first-level emergency response; In the event of a major oil and gas pipeline accident, the municipal headquarters decided to start the first-level emergency response.

(1) The chief commander, deputy chief commander of the municipal headquarters and the main responsible comrades of relevant member units rushed to the scene of the accident, and the municipal headquarters turned into the on-site headquarters to formulate emergency response plans and organize rescue work.

(2) The commander-in-chief of the municipal headquarters presided over a consultation meeting at the on-site headquarters to organize and coordinate the emergency response work.

(3) Disposal work

All working groups, relevant departments and units, on the basis of secondary emergency response, further do the following work:

① On-site headquarters: organize all working groups, relevant departments and units to do a good job according to the division of responsibilities.

② Comprehensive coordination group: to coordinate the oil and gas resources dispatching and supply safety in this city after the oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident.

(3) Emergency response group: request support from relevant state departments and relevant provinces and cities; In conjunction with the relevant departments, organize the emergency rescue teams and experts from relevant countries and relevant provinces and cities to participate in the emergency rescue and relief work of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

④ Order maintenance group: organize the evacuation of personnel in the toxic substance diffusion area; Check the identity of the dead and lost, and identify the identity of the victims.

⑤ Environmental monitoring group: According to the needs of the on-site command, provide meteorological data, forecast and early warning information of the accident site and surrounding areas at any time.

⑥ Comprehensive support group: in conjunction with relevant departments, do a good job in receiving emergency relief materials from relevant state departments and relevant provinces and cities, and notify relevant departments to do a good job in relevant transportation; Coordinate the transportation of vehicles and materials needed by relevant state departments and relevant provinces and cities to reinforce emergency rescue and disaster relief operations.

⑦ News and public opinion group: organize a press conference in a rolling way to inform the media about the progress of accident handling of oil and gas long-distance pipelines.

⑧ Other members of the Municipal Command shall, according to their duties, organize and direct their own systems and industries to devote themselves to the emergency rescue of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and ensure that all preventive measures are put in place.

Pet-name ruby the city’s relevant professional emergency rescue team into the state of emergency rescue, all kinds of emergency materials support units for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident rescue and relief work to provide full protection.

5.2 Professional Disposal Measures

In addition to the emergency response measures specified in the Tianjin Emergency Plan for Hazardous Chemicals Accidents, the on-site headquarters should take targeted measures for the emergency treatment of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents according to the characteristics and actual situation of oil and gas long-distance pipelines.

(1) Oil and gas long-distance pipeline leakage accident

(1) the scene to implement emergency closure, blockade, traffic control, rapid evacuation of the evacuation crowd, the implementation of emergency evacuation, transfer the injured;

(2) immediately eliminate the on-site fire, detect and estimate the warning, isolation and preparedness distance according to wind direction, wind speed, water flow, topography, underground space and facilities, surrounding environment, oil and gas leakage and diffusion direction, and assist in personnel evacuation;

③ Cooperate with the professional pipeline rescue team to seal the plugging point, remove the leaked oil and gas, and complete the emergency repair of damaged pipelines.

(2) Fire and explosion accidents of long-distance oil and gas pipelines

① Implement emergency closure and blockade on site, implement traffic control, quickly evacuate evacuated people, implement emergency avoidance, transfer injured people, and delimit the area that may be affected by fire and explosion;

(2) According to the different characteristics of crude oil, refined oil and natural gas, correctly choose fire fighting routes and methods to control the spread of fire and prevent the situation from expanding or secondary disasters;

③ Cooperate with the professional pipeline rescue team to repair the damaged pipeline and remove the residual oil and gas at the site.

5.3 Information release

Under the guidance of the Propaganda Department of the Municipal Party Committee, the information release of general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be implemented by the Propaganda Department of the district party committee where the incident occurred; The information release of large and above oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be coordinated by the Propaganda Department of the Municipal Party Committee, and the news and public opinion group of the on-site headquarters shall be responsible for the implementation.

In case of major and above oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, brief information will be released to the society at the first time according to the procedure, authoritative information will be released within 5 hours, and a press conference will be held in the name of the accident handling news center within 24 hours, and the deputy mayor in charge, the main responsible comrades in the district where the accident occurred and the responsible comrades of relevant departments will release the accident handling information. Continue to release authoritative information by dynamically releasing the progress of disposal and organizing centralized interviews.

5.4 End of emergency

5.4.1 When the emergency handling of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents is finished, the accident hazards or threats are controlled and eliminated, and the emergency handling is finished.

5.4.2 For general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, the area where the accident occurred shall announce the end of emergency and report to the office of the municipal headquarters; Large and major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, the municipal headquarters announced the end of the emergency; After the major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident is approved by the municipal party Committee and the municipal government, the municipal headquarters will announce the end of the emergency.

5.4.3 The office of the municipal headquarters shall timely inform the relevant member units of the municipal headquarters and the district people’s government where the incident occurred. When necessary, release emergency termination information to the public through information release platforms and news media.

6 post-disposal

6.1 aftermath

The people’s government of the district where the incident occurred, the departments of emergency management, development and reform, public security, civil affairs, ecological environment, transportation, sanitation and health, and oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises should perform their respective duties and do a good job in the aftermath of the wounded, traffic recovery, pollutant cleaning and so on. Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises shall, under the guidance of relevant departments and experts, pay close attention to the repair and on-site cleaning of facilities and equipment, and resume the operation of oil and gas long-distance pipelines as soon as possible.

6.2 Investigation and evaluation

The investigation and evaluation of accidents shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations. The investigation and evaluation of general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be organized and carried out by the relevant departments of the district people’s government where the accident occurred. The investigation and evaluation of large oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be organized by the relevant departments of the Municipal People’s Government. The investigation and evaluation of major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be organized by the Municipal People’s Government. The investigation and evaluation of particularly serious oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be carried out under the organization of the departments authorized by the State Council or the State Council, and this Municipality shall cooperate with relevant work.

7 emergency support

7.1 Team Support

Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises should establish emergency rescue teams, equip them with necessary equipment and facilities, actively carry out rescue knowledge and professional skills training and drills, and ensure that the teams are in a good standby state at any time.

7.2 Material support

Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises should reserve and equip equipment and materials that can meet the emergency rescue needs of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents according to their own nature and characteristics, and ensure that the equipment and materials are always in good condition.

7.3 Financial guarantee

The financial expenses required for handling oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be borne in different levels according to the principle of dividing financial affairs and expenditure responsibilities.

The cost of emergency rescue for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents shall be borne by the accident responsible unit first, and if the accident responsible unit is unable to bear it, it shall be solved by the people’s government of the district where the accident occurred.

Long-distance oil and gas pipeline enterprises shall, in accordance with the provisions, extract the safety production expenses to ensure the daily monitoring of dangerous sources, preventive and early warning measures, emergency training and drills, and meet the needs of long-distance oil and gas pipeline accidents.

7.4 Publicity, education and training

7.4.1 Publicity and education

Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises should inform employees and surrounding people of the main dangers and harms of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents, and publicize emergency laws and regulations and knowledge of accident prevention, hedging, self-help and mutual rescue.

7.4.2 Training

The relevant departments (units) of the municipal and district people’s governments shall, in accordance with the affiliation and management responsibilities, strengthen the training of professional emergency rescue teams in their own systems and fields, and improve their decision-making and disposal capabilities in response to oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents.

Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises should strengthen pre-job training to ensure that employees have the necessary knowledge of safety production, master the rules and regulations of safety production and safe operation procedures, and have the skills of safe operation in this position and the ability to handle oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents; Safety production management personnel shall pass the examination of their safety production knowledge and management ability by the competent department responsible for safety production supervision and management; Special operations personnel must receive special safety operation training in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and obtain corresponding qualifications before taking up their posts.

8 supplementary provisions

8.1 Interpretation of the Plan

The interpretation of this plan shall be undertaken by the Municipal Development and Reform Commission.

8.2 Plan preparation

The District People’s Government shall, in accordance with the relevant laws, regulations, rules, the emergency plans of the people’s government at a higher level and its relevant departments and the actual situation in this district, organize relevant departments to formulate emergency plans for oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents within their respective administrative areas and report them to the Municipal Development and Reform Commission for the record; The member units of the Municipal Command shall, in accordance with this plan, formulate the emergency support plan (scheme) for the long-distance oil and gas pipeline accident of this department, submit it to the Municipal People’s Government for the record, and send a copy to the Municipal Emergency Bureau and the Office of the Municipal Command.

8.3 plan revision

City headquarters office should be combined with emergency management practice, timely organize the revision of emergency plans.

8.4 preplan drill

The municipal and district people’s governments and their relevant departments shall organize at least one special emergency plan drill every 2 years. Oil and gas long-distance pipeline enterprises shall organize at least one comprehensive emergency plan drill or special emergency plan drill every year, and at least one on-site disposal plan drill every six months, and establish a continuous improvement mechanism for emergency plans.

8.5 Plan implementation

This plan shall be implemented as of the date of issuance and shall be valid for 5 years.

Attachment: 1. Classification standard for accidents of long-distance oil and gas pipelines

2. Risk analysis of oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents

Annex 1

Classification standard for accidents of long-distance oil and gas pipelines

First, particularly serious oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents

In case of any of the following circumstances, it is a particularly serious oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident:

(1) accidents that caused more than 30 deaths;

(2) Accidents that cause serious injuries to more than 100 people;

(3) Accidents that cause direct economic losses of more than 100 million yuan.

Second, major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents

Any one of the following circumstances is a major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident:

(1) an accident that caused more than 10 people and less than 30 people to die;

(2) Accidents that cause serious injuries to more than 50 people and less than 100 people;

(3) Accidents that cause direct economic losses of more than 50 million yuan and less than 100 million yuan.

Three, a large oil and gas pipeline accident

Any one of the following circumstances shall be considered as a major oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident:

(1) an accident that causes more than 3 people and less than 10 people to die;

(2) Accidents that cause serious injuries to more than 10 people and less than 50 people;

(3) Accidents that cause direct economic losses of more than 10 million yuan and less than 50 million yuan.

Four, the general oil and gas pipeline accident

Any accident that meets one of the following circumstances is a general oil and gas long-distance pipeline accident:

(1) an accident that killed less than 3 people;

(2) Accidents that cause serious injuries to less than 10 people;

(3) Accidents that cause direct economic losses of less than 10 million yuan.

The "above" mentioned in this plan includes the number, and "below" does not include the number.

Annex 2

Accident risk analysis of long-distance oil and gas pipeline

First, the main risk factors leading to oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents

Petroleum and natural gas are dangerous chemicals. Oil and natural gas transported by long-distance oil and gas pipelines are characterized by high pressure, flammability and explosion. The main reasons that may lead to oil and gas long-distance pipeline accidents include:

(1) The pipeline body fails, resulting in leakage, fire and explosion accidents.

(2) Man-made damage: misoperation, construction hazards, occupation, heavy-load rolling of pipelines, damage to pipelines by moving, cutting, punching, smashing and dismantling, theft of oil and natural gas transported, stored, leaked and discharged by pipelines, and terrorist attacks, which lead to accidents such as pipeline leakage, fire or explosion.

(3) Natural disasters: geological disasters such as earthquake, collapse and land subsidence, and floods, etc., which cause pipeline leakage, fire or explosion accidents.

Second, the possible impact

(1) Casualties and property losses

Fire or explosion occurs at the scene of oil and gas leakage, or the leaked oil and gas spreads through urban floor drains, pipe trenches, box culverts and other infrastructure, and is ignited in case of fire, resulting in large-scale fire and explosion. People’s lives and property are seriously threatened.

(2) Environmental pollution

If a large amount of leaked oil and gas spreads, it will lead to serious pollution of drinking reservoirs, rivers, groundwater, soil and air.

(3) Energy cut-off

The emergency shutdown of the oil and gas pipeline will also affect the normal operation of other oil and gas pipelines, water supply, power supply and other facilities parallel or intersecting with it.

(D) Social impact

Leaking oil and gas may cause fire, explosion and personnel poisoning, and the affected areas may need power failure, traffic interruption, large-scale shutdown and suspension of classes, resulting in adverse social impact.

Since ancient times, heroes have produced teenagers. In history, we have seen countless talented teenagers invent various theories, methods, technologies and products that change the world.

Today, teenagers with unlimited imagination and creativity are also changing the world with their own inventions.

Looking at their inventions, some can bring new impetus to the transformation of an industry, while others hope to save the lives of a group. But all roads lead to the same goal, and their inventions are put forward because they see the existence of a certain problem and want to change and solve it.

Of course, behind their inventions, we should pay more attention to what kind of education and environment can provide fertile ground for teenagers to give full play to their imagination and creativity. What should we do to naturally shape this kind of education and environment.

After all, young people are strong, and technology is strong; Youth is strong, then the country is strong.

1. Ionic liquids for industrial carbon capture.

CO2 is one of the most important greenhouse gases, but it is also a rich resource. At present, some organic solvents are commonly used in industrial production to absorb CO2, but it is difficult to release CO2 again, and it is easy to corrode industrial equipment.

In September, 2017, Zhao Songrui, who is already a freshman in the School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Peking University, won the special prize of the European Association of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences for his "Study on the Synthesis and Characterization of Pyridine Ionic Liquids and CO2 Absorption Performance", which achieved a zero breakthrough for Chinese players in the EU Young Scientists Competition.

The pyridine ionic liquids studied by Zhao Songrui can quickly attract and release CO2, and the stability is very good. This technology has a broad application prospect in the field of industrial carbon capture.

2. Ultra-efficient catalyst converts plastic waste into biofuel.

AzzaAbdelHamidFaiad, an Egyptian girl, found a cheap catalyst at the age of 16, which can quickly and continuously convert plastic waste into biofuel.

Faiad successfully decomposed waste plastics into methane, propane and ethane by using calcium-based bentonite as catalyst, and then converted it into ethanol for fuel use.

The process can produce as much as 138,000 tons of hydrocarbon gas every year, and generate biofuels worth 78 million dollars. Egypt produces about 1 million tons of waste plastics every year, which is helpful to Egypt’s environmental protection and economic development.

She won the prize of European Nuclear Fusion Development Agreement (EFDA) in the 23rd European Union Young Scientists Competition, and attracted the attention of Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute.

3. Life-saving building fire smoke mask system

In 2013, AlexisLewis, an American girl, heard a mother throw a 2-year-old child from the second floor to avoid the harm caused by fire smoke to the child, which led to the idea of designing a smoke mask.

In order to save the people trapped in the building by the fire, Lewis found in the experiment that the success rate of directly throwing the smoke mask into the room from the window was very low, so he designed several 3D printed bomb prototypes and installed a light smoke mask produced by XcaperIndustries, a professional respiratory protection equipment manufacturer, in the bomb.

After more than 290 tests by 37 firefighters throwing bullets at the second floor window, the rugby-type bullets with throwing accuracy exceeding 70% were finally determined.

The design can provide a safe breathing mask for those who encounter fire and have no time to escape, which effectively protects the lives of residents.

Lewis was only 15 years old when he designed the smoke mask system, and he had many patent inventions.

4. Using algae to convert CO2 from automobile exhaust into oxygen.

In 2008, ParamJaggi, a 16-year-old American boy, began to pay attention to automobile exhaust emissions while learning to drive. He designed an exhaust purifier using seaweed, which can reduce carbon dioxide in automobile exhaust.

With this invention, he won a prize of 8,000 dollars and a sustainable development award from the US Environmental Protection Agency.

ParamJaggi has applied for a patent and set up a company. The first product developed by Paramjaggi, AlgaeMobile carbon filtration system, has built-in panels covered with special algae strains on both sides, and uses photosynthesis to absorb carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles to produce oxygen and glucose (for feeding algae).

Considering that automobile exhaust emissions are too fast, Jaggi arranges a plurality of panels in a staggered way to increase the contact surface area of carbon dioxide and melt carbon dioxide into water to form carbonic acid; Sodium hydroxide placed in the filter reacts with carbonic acid to form harmless carbonate.

ParamJaggi has won many honors and been included in Forbes’ list of 30 outstanding men under the age of 30 in American science and technology field.

5. Simple life-saving equipment in the car to prevent children from dying of heat.

Every year, many children around the world die of heat in cars for various reasons. In 2011, AndrewPelham, an 11-year-old American boy, came up with the concept of EZBabySaver when he heard that a 10-month-old baby was trapped in a car and died of heat.

Pelham’s invention is made of rubber sleeve and adhesive tape, which connects the handle in the front door of the car with the driver’s back seat, thus reminding parents to check the back seat before getting off the bus to prevent tragedy. With this invention, he won the runner-up in the Young Inventors Group in the Rubber Band Competition.

According to media reports, hundreds of parents and grandparents around the world told Pelham by email that they had made this simple baby protector. Although the attention of this small invention is limited, we have to admit that it is a very effective invention.

6. Low-cost Lego Braille printers

In 1824, Louis Blair, a 15-year-old French blind man, created French Braille to help countless blind people read.

In 2014, 13-year-old American boy ShubhamBanerjee used robot toys and programming technology to help the blind again.

Banerjee assembled a Braille printer Braigo using Lego EV3 set with a price of $350. The printer can print Braille with better recognition ability by updating the built-in software and enhancing the hardware.

The invention directly reduces the price of Braille printers on the market from 2000 dollars to 350 dollars. Banerjee has set up a laboratory, focusing on the research of low-cost Braille printing technology, and obtained the investment from Intel. The lab also developed "the world’s first low-cost/silent/on-chip translation /IOT-Cloud printer concept".

This invention helped Banerjee win the 2014 Technology Award and was invited to attend the WhiteHouseMakerFaire (Creative DIY Party) held in the White House.

7. Cheap and rapid Ebola detection

In 2015, OliviaHallisey, a 16-year-old American middle school student, invented a new Ebola virus detection technology.

The invention is based on the principle of chemical reaction. When Ebola virus in blood reacts with chemicals in the reagent, the reagent will change color. This method can complete the detection within 30 minutes.

In addition, the cost of each detection is only 25 dollars, and the storage and transportation of reagents do not need refrigeration.

This invention helped Hallisey win a $50,000 scholarship in the 2015 Google Science Challenge.

(Source: Capital Lab, Li Xin. The content only represents the author’s personal views, not the position of the forum)

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The phenomenon of sudden death has existed in human society since ancient times, and it is not a new concept in recent years. However, with the increase of social pressure and the acceleration of work rhythm, the incidence of sudden death is increasing year by year.

At the same time, the popularity of the Internet also makes us hear the news about sudden death more frequently.

What is sudden death?

The word "sudden death", as its name implies, refers to sudden and unexpected death.

Regarding the specific definition of "sudden", there are differences among professional institutions, and it is generally believed that this time period is between 1 hour and 48 hours. Take the World Health Organization (WHO) as an example, its definition of sudden death is: from symptoms to death, this process is completed within 24 hours.

Sudden death is an irreversible result, which means the end of life and cannot be redeemed. To effectively deal with sudden death, we need to understand the reasons behind it.

Life goes on because the heart keeps beating. Therefore, when the heart can’t beat effectively and can’t provide enough blood for important organs of the body, if the heart can’t beat effectively in time, sudden death may come.

According to the statistics of developed countries, about 90% cases of sudden death are cardiogenic. Of course, in addition, a small number of sudden deaths are caused by brain-derived, lung-derived, abdominal-derived, endocrine-derived and other factors.

What is the pathogenesis of sudden cardiac death?

To further subdivide sudden cardiac death, we can divide it into two categories: "coronary" and "non-coronary".

In the case of sudden cardiac death, coronary sudden death accounts for 56.78%~80%, and this phenomenon is more obvious in middle-aged and elderly people, and the main culprit behind it is coronary heart disease.

For those patients with a history of coronary heart disease, the risk of sudden death is four times that of ordinary people. In-depth exploration, we will find that 3/4 of sudden cardiac death is inextricably linked with coronary heart disease.

The formation of coronary heart disease is closely related to a series of bad health conditions and living habits such as obesity, smoking and three highs.

In particular, some patients’ symptoms of coronary heart disease are not obvious and are often mistaken for slight physical discomfort, but this invisible threat will greatly increase the risk of sudden death.

Although people over the age of 40 are the high-risk group of coronary heart disease, in recent years, the younger trend of this disease has become more and more obvious, and even young patients aged 25 have been reported to have coronary heart disease.

Taking snacks as dinner, drinks instead of water, lack of exercise, staying up late, endless consumption of the body, but never having a physical examination … Such a lifestyle may be quietly causing your coronary artery to fall into a crisis of blockage.

Before sudden death, the body will send out three important distress signals!

Before the critical moment of cardiac arrest comes, are there really symptoms that can be alarmed?

In fact, about 50% patients did not show any obvious symptoms before cardiac arrest. For the other half of cardiac arrest patients, they may experience some specific physical reactions or symptoms during the period from a few days to several hours before the sudden death. Although these signs are not absolute, they deserve our attention and vigilance.

Signal 1: Persistent chest pain or discomfort.

Chest pain is one of the most common symptoms of heart disease and an important warning signal before sudden death. This kind of chest pain may manifest as a feeling of oppression, tightness or dullness, and sometimes it may radiate to the left arm, neck, chin or back.

Persistent chest pain indicates that there may be coronary artery obstruction, leading to myocardial ischemia. At this time, all activities should be stopped immediately, and emergency calls should be made to strive for golden treatment time. Remember, time is life, and every minute of delay may increase irreversible damage.

Signal 2: Extreme fatigue and dyspnea

Extreme fatigue and unexplained dyspnea are also common signs before sudden death. If you feel extremely tired recently, even if you have enough rest, you can’t relieve it. At the same time, accompanied by slight physical activity, you will have difficulty breathing, which may be caused by the decline of heart function and the inability of your body to obtain oxygen effectively.

Extreme fatigue and breathing difficulties are the body telling you that the heart may be under heavy burden and unable to pump blood effectively. In this case, medical help should be sought immediately and relevant examinations should be carried out in order to detect and intervene potential heart problems at an early stage.

Signal 3: Arrhythmia and syncope

Arrhythmia, that is, the heartbeat is too fast, too slow or irregular, is also an important signal before sudden death. If you often feel flustered, palpitations, or sudden syncope, this may be an abnormal performance of cardiac electrical activity, which needs great attention.

Arrhythmia may cause the heart to fail to pump blood effectively, and in severe cases, it may cause syncope or even sudden death. If you or someone around you has symptoms of arrhythmia, you should immediately stop any activity and take a sitting or lying position to avoid falling. At the same time, you should see a doctor as soon as possible and have an ECG check for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Although sudden death is threatening, not all of them are untraceable. Understanding and recognizing the distress signal of the body is the key to prevent sudden death. It is strongly recommended that once any one or more of the above symptoms appear, do not hesitate to seek medical treatment immediately.

Original title: "Emergency doctors remind: Before sudden death, the body will send out three important distress signals! 》

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Original Tian yi chi huo institute

It’s Zigong

Yanbang cuisine, by its name, feels like a heavy-flavored cuisine. The fact is true, salt-helped dishes are born of salt, and the characteristics of the cuisine are fragrant, spicy, fresh and heavy.

Yanbang cuisine, also called "Xiaohe cuisine" in the pedigree classification of Sichuan cuisine, takes Zigong in southern Sichuan as the center and also includes Yibin cuisine, Luzhou cuisine and Neijiang cuisine around it.

Zigong fried eel

01

Zigong in Sichuan

/Food nourished by salt resources/

Zigong is a prefecture-level city in Sichuan, and one of its subordinate districts is called ziliujing district. According to the older generation of salt workers, "gravity flow" is not an adjective, but a reality. Brine water is on the surface of the ground, gently cut a hole, and brine "gurgles" like a mountain spring.

Zigong people laughed at themselves: "This palm-sized place", at most, there were more than 10,000 salt wells, which showed that the well salt resources here were rich and the salt merchants’ trade was prosperous.

The salt needs to be boiled after it is beaten.

Under the prosperous trade, the taste of relying on salt to survive has grown: salt workers have to work hard, heavy oil and salt can ensure physical strength and fast meals, and they eat "salt workers’ dishes" with heavy taste.

Salt merchants are rich, paying attention to face and ostentation. They make the dishes carefully crafted by the chefs in your house known as "salt merchants’ dishes". Salt merchants’ dishes abandon some heavy tastes and have a light taste.

The heavy profit of salt drove businessmen from all over the world to gather in Zigong, where they set up provincial guilds, thus giving birth to "guild dishes" that gathered local characteristics and absorbed the practices of various factions.

Hot pork intestines with heavy mouth

Light and tasty chicken tofu pudding

Maybe many people haven’t seen the salt well with their own eyes. It doesn’t have a wide wellhead and water surface visible to the naked eye as most people think. Most of the bittern is buried several hundred meters or even thousands of meters from the ground. People use all kinds of heavy tools to dig the well bit by bit, 5 years, 10 years, 20 years, 200 meters, 300 meters and 800 meters, until the bittern water is produced, and the wellhead is no bigger than a sea bowl.

To draw bittern is to put a long bamboo tube deep into the bottom of the well, pour bittern and lift it to the ground. Whether drilling wells or extracting brine, you need to rely on ladders, winches and cows up to tens of meters. The work on the well is around the clock, and so are the cows pulling the winch. It takes about 50 turns to draw a bucket of bittern. Because of the excessive labor intensity, many cows will die in less than one year.

Crane of Zigong Ancient Salt Well | Phreakster 1998/ wikipedia

Dead cows can’t be wasted. For salt workers who are also working hard, beef is an excellent energy source. Many traditional beef dishes in Yanbang cuisine were born.

Nowadays, boiled beef, which is common in major Sichuan cuisine restaurants, is one of the representatives of salt industry dishes. The spicy taste is thick, smooth and palatable, and the flavor is strong. The enthusiasm of boiled beef is very similar to that of Sichuan people.

Boiled beef | flickr Liu Milu

02

Authentic yanbangcai

/Not just spicy and spicy/

When I went to Zigong a while ago, I was lucky enough to invite a famous local chef to cook a table of authentic salt dishes for us. The impression that salt dishes are spicy and heavy was greatly subverted, and we can also get a glimpse of the reason why Sichuan cuisine can go out of Sichuan and conquer the world.

■ Boiled beef

Let’s start with boiled beef. Is this dish particularly common? But this time I ate something unusual.

At present, the common practice of boiling beef in water is to fry lettuce tips, bean sprouts and other vegetables first, then put the pickled beef in a pan and lubricate it, and finally put it in the sauce and fry it together, and finally pour oil on the table.

However, in the traditional way of boiling beef, you should first stir-fry the ingredients, then stir-fry the vegetables. The sauce has the smell of vegetables, then use it to cook the beef, and finally put in the knife-edge pepper and serve it with oil.

Traditional boiled beef

Although it is only a small difference in steps, it actually tests the chef’s temperature. Stir-fry vegetables first, then beef. If you don’t master the heat well, it will burn. Therefore, for the convenience of the map and the stability of the product, vegetables and beef are usually cooked separately in general restaurants by default.

In the traditional way, vegetables, beef and sauces are combined, and you have me and I have you, and the hemp, spicy, fresh, fragrant and fragrant are compound and rich in layers-this should be the reason why boiled beef is the first Sichuan dish to catch fire.

■ Fireside beef

Another beef dish, which can be served as a cold dish or as a snack, is fireside beef.

Legend has it that this is also the invention of salt workers. In the old days, salt merchants paid beef as part of their wages to salt workers. The salt workers first soaked large pieces of beef in brine to taste, then cut them into extremely thin, almost light-transmissive slices, salted them, spread them flat on a shelf and dried them, and then smoked them by the fire with cow dung as fuel, from which came the "fireside beef". The dried beef slices are crisp but not cotton, and the entrance is crisp and tough.

Huobianzi beef

According to the chef, the process of this dish is not complicated, but it needs a lot of care and experience, because if the beef is cut thin and then spread flat on the bamboo sticks for air drying and smoking, if the experience or patience are insufficient, the meat slices will not be formed, and it will be impossible to become a dish. Therefore, this is all meticulous work, which is very wasteful.

Sichuan has always been one of the places where beef is eaten the most and can be eaten in a variety of ways. Hot yellow throat, hot hairy belly and other dishes made by cattle in the water are also the favorite of salt workers. While salt workers were boiling, frying and baking, chefs working for wealthy businessmen and nobles began to disassemble and cook cows in more detail.

■ Yipin Niutoufang

Yipin Niutoufang is considered as a typical official dish of Shanghe Gang in Sichuan cuisine, and it can also be found in the guild dishes of Yanbang.

Niutoufang is made by burning the skin at the top of the cow’s head to remove the rough epidermis and hairy roots. After a long time, the meat is thick and soft, the gum is elastic and tough, and the aroma is solid and rich. Niutoufang is by no means a stunning taste, but a thick and delicious food in a silent place. Now there are only a handful of chefs who can produce this dish.

Yipin niutoufang

This delicate idea has also been used in other dishes-liver cake soup, a famous and almost lost old dish.

■ Liver cake soup

Liver cake soup is one of the three clear soup dishes in Sichuan cuisine. It is made of liver, clear as water and mellow in taste. Luo Chengji, a scholar of Zigong literature and history, once mentioned "mushroom liver ointment soup" in his works. If it is not difficult for many professional chefs to cook clear soup like water, then making "liver cream" is not the secret that everyone can master.

Liver cake soup

This time, in the hands of Zigong famous chefs, we are also fortunate to taste it. For this dish, the chef began to cook soup from 9: 00 in the morning, with old chicken, ribs, chicken feet, lean meat and ham as the base materials, and kept it boiling for 7 hours with minimal fire.

And the other protagonist: liver, the traditional practice is to use pig liver, and modern chefs will choose a more delicate foie gras. The method of making liver cake was gently taken by the chef, and it was "steamed". In fact, there are secrets in seasoning and modulation. Of course, the cooking skill is still the key. If you don’t master the cooking well, the liver cake is too tender or too rough, and you can’t form a delicate and dense taste.

When the broth has been boiled for enough time, add chicken breast meat and pork meat to absorb blood foam impurities, and then filter for several times until the soup is clear as water and yellowish in color. Then put the shaped and flavored liver cake into the clear soup and steam it in the cage for several minutes before the liver cake soup is ready.

In this dish, the taste of soup is very light, and all the delicious ingredients have been melted into the soup. The elephant is invisible, as elusive as a shadow, and people can’t help but want to catch up and take another look. The entrance of liver cake is delicate and mellow, which is in contrast with the lightness of soup.

However, in the eyes of local people, the dish that can best get through the upper and lower classes in Zigong is the rabbit.

Tutu is so cute, it must be delicious.

There are too many ways for rabbits to eat in salt dishes, such as cold rabbit, double pepper rabbit, dried pepper rabbit, dry pot rabbit, soaked rabbit, scalded rabbit …

Dried pepper rabbit

There were two rabbits in the chef’s banquet: fresh pot rabbit and scalded skin rabbit.

■ Fresh pot rabbit

Fresh pot rabbit, strictly speaking, belongs to the new school of salt-help dishes, which evolved from the traditional double pepper rabbit. No Zigong chef is not perfect in cooking rabbits.

Double pepper rabbit

Fresh pot rabbit is seasoned with fresh pepper, and the soup is used as the base. It is hot and spicy, heavy oil and heavy salt, and it must be served with two bowls of white rice, which is really enjoyable. Diners joked: it’s really a salt-helped dish, so I’m too willing to put salt in it, so I have to use a big bowl of rice to match it. This combination means that I have to do something.

Xianguotu

■ Scalded rabbit

The scalded rabbit is a typical traditional salt merchant dish. "Hot" is actually boiled. The beauty of the word "hot" is that the rabbit meat is delicate. After a short period of boiling, the rabbit meat with a little oil is smoother. It is slightly salty and tender when eaten directly, and the taste is progressive step by step when dipped in water, which is enough to satisfy the guests from all walks of life.

Scalded rabbit

In addition, because of the Tuojiang River, Minjiang River and Fuxi River, in the eyes of the salt chef, fresh river and waterfowl can also have ever-changing tricks.

Salt helps a duck. Take an old duck, remove its bones, stuff it into pork belly, ham and dried bamboo shoots, steam it, and scoop it with a spoon when eating it. It is unusually soft and delicious. Eat loach cold, fry fresh loach first and then fry, let it cool before eating, crispy with glutinous rice, heat and seasoning are indispensable; The young ginger frog, which Zigong people think is small and flexible, is fresher than the bullfrog with thick meat. After the young ginger is fried with the frog, its position is not only an auxiliary material, but often robbed by everyone with the frog …

Young ginger frog

Only after eating this meal did I know that the folk saying that "a salt merchant has a dish and a salt worker has food for half a year" is not empty talk, but it does not mean how valuable ingredients salt merchants like.

Just like the "eggplant" that surprised granny Liu, eggplant and old hen are nothing but ordinary things, even if abalone has wings and belly, it is not rare. What is really rare is to find someone who is willing to spend time and effort to cook ordinary food to amazement. That is the gorgeous chapter seen in the ordinary.

Burning white

* Thanks to Zigong Museum (Ji Chengjing), Zigong Food and Beverage Association, China cooking master Wang Guangkai, China cooking master Zhang Liquan, and famous chef Tonge of Yanbang cuisine for their support to this article.

* This article does not indicate that the source images are from Duoduo and Lamian Noodles.

I can eat a bowl of white rice with this article!

Original title: "Sichuan pilgrimage site, two words-of course not Chengdu! 》

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　　Cctv news(Reporter Li Shaofei) Because of the state visit of the Supreme Leader of president, China, the reports on Serbia have suddenly warmed up.

　　But in fact, in China, most people know little about Serbia. Talking about this country with the "key to the Balkans", Chinese people are still more impressed by the "Yugoslavia" era, which has become a historical term.

　　In that distant but unforgettable memory, there are Tito, the leader who never bowed to power, Walter, the elusive guerrilla hero, the passionate Yugoslav football, and the vicissitudes and beautiful ancient city Belgrade … …

　　Man of iron "Tito"

Tito statue (photo by Xue Qun) Image source: Xinhua International

　　There is no doubt that Tito is the totem of modern Yugoslavia. In the special era of the two world wars, in the face of the invasion of fascism, Tito, as commander-in-chief of the People’s Army, United the divided Balkan Peninsula into a powerful whole with his super personal charm, and Yugoslavia, which was formed by the union of six republics including Serbia and Croatia, twisted into a rope and fought bravely against the invaders.

　　Tito’s legend goes beyond that. After World War II, unlike most socialist countries, Yugoslavia under his administration deliberately kept a distance from the Soviet Union and insisted on independence and non-alignment movement. Yugoslavia is the only socialist country in Europe that has not joined the Warsaw Pact, openly challenging Big Brother.

　　After successive assassinations, Tito said strongly in his letter to Stalin: Don’t send someone to kill me. We have arrested 500 people, some with bombs and some with guns … … If you still send someone to kill me, then I will send someone to Moscow, and I will definitely not send the second one.

　　In 1974, 82-year-old Tito became the lifelong president of Yugoslavia. In 1977, the communist party revolutionary was invited to visit China. Tito, who insisted on independence and was not afraid of power all his life, was warmly sought after in China.

　　In 1980, Yugoslavia’s "God-given leader" died of illness. Twelve years after Tito’s death, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which was founded by this great leader, was dissolved.

　　Guerrilla hero "Walter"

　Walter Defends Sarajevo has influenced a generation in China, and Walter’s image is deeply rooted in people’s hearts. Image source: Xinhuanet

　　If Tito is a realistic hero of Yugoslavia, then Walter is a superman on the screen.

　　Walter is from the classic Yugoslav film Walter Defends Sarajevo. In the 1980s, this film was introduced into China and gained a large number of fans.

　　Walter, the hero, is brave and witty, and the heroic image of leading guerrillas to fight against German Nazi aggression is deeply rooted in the hearts of Chinese people. Walter has also become synonymous with Yugoslav nationals, so that today, more than 40 years later, the death of Bata Zivojinovic, the leading actor in the film, still arouses a flood of nostalgia in China, which shows the influence of Walter in China.

　　This reflects the popularity of Yugoslav films in China in those years. Apart from Walter Defending Sarajevo, films and TV works such as The Bridge and The Blacklist are also popular in China. It can be said that in the 1970s and 1980s, Yugoslav films were as popular in China as domestic audiences loved Hollywood blockbusters.

　　The Golden Age of Yugoslav Football

Red Star Belgrade, which won the Champions League in 1991

　　Football is another indelible impression of Yugoslavia. In the second half of the last century, Yugoslav football, with both European body and American skills, was at its peak.

　　In the first World Cup after World War II, Yugoslavia finished fifth, and in the 1962 World Cup, they reached the semi-finals. The record of the European Cup is even more brilliant. In 1960 and 1968, Yugoslavia won the runner-up twice.

　　After entering the 1980s and 1990s, Yugoslav football reached its peak. The domestic league champion Red Star Belgrade won the Champions League in 1990-91 and the Toyota Cup in 1991, and a number of talented players such as Suk, Bo Ban, savicevic and Pan Caifu were born. At that time, European giants such as Real Madrid, Barcelona and AC Milan often had Yugoslav players.

　　However, in a longer period of time, Yugoslav football is playing a sad role. Although there are many talented people, due to internal consumption and disputes, Yugoslav football at the national team level has never won the championship.

　　In 1992, the Yugoslav team, which was at its peak and had a high voice to win the championship, had to quit because of the civil war, resulting in a romantic "Danish fairy tale", which replaced Yugoslavia and won the championship in one fell swoop.

　　After the dissolution of the Yugoslav Federation, that beautiful and sad golden age also went with it. However, the glory and beauty of the past are still amazing from time to time. The words of former Bosnia and Herzegovina coach Susic are the epitome of this complex: "If it weren’t for the war, Yugoslavia might win the World Cup one day. I know that thinking like this has long been useless, but sometimes you still dream that all this can happen. "

　　The city called Belgrade.　

Belgrade　

　　As the former capital of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and now the capital of Serbia, Belgrade, together with Havana in Cuba and Tirana in Albania, has been regarded as the three bright lights of socialism for a long time, and Chinese people have special feelings for this historic city.

　　But sadly, due to fierce and frequent wars, this beautiful city has experienced hardships and scars. During World War II alone, it was bombed twice: in 1941, the attack by German troops paralyzed all the public service systems in this city, and the destroyed buildings included the National Library and most government agencies. At the end of the war in 1944, British and American planes bombed Beicheng under the Nazi occupation of Germany for another half year. After the end of World War II, more than one third of the houses in this city were in ruins. In 1999, this modern city was attacked by NATO again.

　　After entering the new century, this ancient city finally ushered in a relatively quiet period, and Belgrade was able to regain its glory. Today, beautiful sava river passes through the urban area, dividing Belgrade into two parts, an antique old city on one side and a new city with modern buildings on the other.

　　People can easily stroll in the Mikhail Square in the center of the city, or walk in the artistic old street of Scatania. You can also climb the ancient castle in Kalemegdan Park and look out. Here, the clear sava river pours into the long Danube, and the whole city has a panoramic view.

　　On 17th, it will welcome the distinguished guests from China and continue to write the friendship story between two legendary countries.