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A far-sighted political party always pays more attention to the youth.

"The CPC Central Committee is very concerned about people’s livelihood. People’s livelihood is first and foremost employment. We are particularly concerned about the employment of college graduates." On June 8, 2022, the figure of the Supreme Leader General Secretary appeared in the Qiushi Hall of Yibin College.

The general secretary asked the teachers, students and business leaders who were attending the enterprise recruitment seminar to understand the recruitment needs of enterprises and the signing rate of graduates. He urged schools, enterprises and relevant departments to do a good job in the implementation of student employment contracts, "especially focusing on poverty-stricken families, low-income families, zero-employment families and disabled college graduates who have not been employed for a long time."

On June 8, 2022, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader waved to the teachers and students during his inspection in Yibin College.

Aim for the future career, mostly for the youth.

"Young people are in the initial stage of life, and they often encounter various difficulties and distress in their study, work and life, and they need the help of the society in time." Since entering politics, the supreme leader has always been concerned about the thoughts, worries and hopes of young people.

When the supreme leader was working in Zhengding, he once went to Liucun Table Tennis Amateur Sports School for investigation, and learned that there was a young coach in the sports school who was excellent and responsible, and brought out students selected for the national team, but his salary was very low. The sports school hopes that the organization can help her solve some difficulties. At 11 o’clock in the morning, the supreme leader left the village with relevant materials. At 3 pm, the sports school was informed — — The county raised the young coach’s salary by one level. The first sentence written on the approval is "to encourage young people to study hard".

In the memories of youth of Huang Daoliang, a graduate of Minjiang Vocational College, there is also an unforgettable thing. Huang Daoliang lost his arms in an accident when he was young. Although his scores in the college entrance examination reached the big special line twice in a row, no school was willing to admit him. In 1990, Huang Daoliang took the college entrance examination for the third time. His father wrote a letter to Minjiang Vocational College about his children’s schooling experience. At that time, the supreme leader who was the secretary of Fuzhou Municipal Party Committee was also the president of Minjiang Vocational University. Under his care and coordination, Huang Daoliang realized his university dream and became the first college student without arms in Fujian.

Huang Daoliang’s diploma.

"We should pay attention to the thoughts, worries and expectations of young people, help them solve their worries and troubles in graduation job hunting, innovation and entrepreneurship, social integration, marriage and friendship, support for the elderly, children’s education, etc., and strive to create good development conditions for young people, so that they can feel that care is around and care is in sight."

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said this and did the same. In his view, pressure is the driving force for the growth of young people, and giving a hand at the key point and when it is important may be an important fulcrum for young people to overcome pressure and develop into talents.

In today’s China, the pace of social development is very fast, and people’s work and life are also under great pressure. The general secretary is very considerate of young people and is committed to "creating a warm and harmonious social atmosphere, expanding inclusive and active innovation space, and creating convenient and comfortable living conditions, so that everyone can have a happy mood, make their lives brilliant and make their dreams come true".

Joining the team, joining the League and joining the Party is a "trilogy of life" for contemporary China youth to pursue political progress. From the perspective of ensuring that the red mountains and rivers will never change color, the General Secretary demands that the education chain of the party, the league and the team be connected and connected. He said that the Communist Party of China (CPC) has always opened its doors to young people and warmly welcomes them to become the fresh blood of the Party.

The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has high hopes for the youth, advocates looking at the innovation and creation of the youth with appreciation and approval, actively supporting them to shine in life, and praising and applauding the achievements and achievements of the youth.

In June, 2021, the General Secretary walked into beijing aerospace control center and had a cordial conversation with the Shenzhou-12 astronaut who was on a business trip in space. At that time, there were many "post-80s" and "post-90s" aerospace scientists and technicians who provided technical support services for this "dialogue between heaven and earth", which made people see the vigorous strength of the younger generation. A few months later, at the Central Talent Work Conference, the General Secretary mentioned this detail. "Most of them are young people in their thirties and forties, but they are all responsible for important positions." The words are full of pride.

Young scientific and technological talents of beijing aerospace control center dispatching team shot on July 1st, 2022.

Mountains and rivers are the evidence, and years are the name.

In 2015, the General Secretary presided over the first Central Party group work conference in the history of the Party, which opened the curtain of deepening the reform of the Communist Youth League.

In 2017, the first youth development plan in the history of New China, which was personally directed by the General Secretary, was released, which made a strategic plan for youth development from the top design level.

… … … …

Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the Supreme Leader General Secretary has always been based on the far-reaching consideration of "ensuring the party’s cause from generation to generation and ensuring the sustainable development of the Chinese nation", guiding the growth of youth and deploying youth work.

In the new era, young people in China have more equal educational opportunities, rich and diverse career choices, smooth development and free flow, and a wider stage to realize their brilliant life. Taking the education level as an example, the data show that in 2023, the consolidation rate of nine-year compulsory education reached 95.7%, the gross enrollment rate of high school reached 91.8%, the gross enrollment rate of higher education reached 60.2%, and the total number of students in school reached 47.6319 million, so more and more young people opened the door to success.

On June 26th, 2023, China Renmin University filmed the scene of the 2023 doctorate awarding ceremony.

From the oath of "building a country with youth" to the self-confidence of "please rest assured that the powerful country has me" … … With the changing scene of the times, the young people in China in the new era meet the best period of the development of the Chinese nation, have a better development environment and a broader growth space, and are faced with a rare life opportunity to make contributions.

On the new journey, the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary is far-sighted. "We are determined to achieve a good result for the youth, and we also expect the younger generation to achieve better results in the future."

　　The security of Northeast Asia is in a complicated state of high stalemate and sudden change, and in the turbulent vortex of global geopolitics. The author intends to extract several key variables, namely capital, power and the relationship between major powers, from many issues and elements related to the security dilemma in Northeast Asia, and investigate and analyze them.

　　Capital is constantly alienated

　　Marx repeatedly mentioned the alienation of capital to labor and capital in Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts in 1844, which provided us with a scientific and effective window to understand the essential characteristics of the capital world.

　　After World War II, the world economic crisis similar to that in 1929 was not repeated, and the cyclical and staged crises of capital development were no longer so obvious. Even though the global financial tsunami occurred in 2008, it did not lead to the global economic depression. The main reasons are the self-repair mechanism of the capital world and the high-intensity human intervention after the system failed.

　　However, after 2008, although human intervention effectively delayed the outbreak of the crisis on a global scale, the crisis has not been cured, but on the contrary, it is accumulating risks for the next crisis, so human society has entered a huge uncertain era.

　　The reason why the current world is chaotic and full of conflicts and opposites is because the underlying logic of the world economy, namely capital logic, has undergone profound changes, namely capital alienation. Due to the constant alienation of capital, capital is alienated from the creator of wealth to the destroyer of wealth, from advocating interdependence to a hobby of conflict and war, from dependence on people’s needs to a crazy preference for military supplies, from hope and enthusiastic cheers for tomorrow to fear, despair and hostility for tomorrow.

　　The disorder of the logic at the bottom of the world economy is constantly producing spillover effects, from economic crisis to social crisis, political crisis and international relations crisis at the regional and global levels. Under the impact of this storm of the times, those areas with long-standing problems left over from history, high concentration of various relationships and contradictions and very sensitive areas are most likely to become hot spots, as well as explosive and flammable areas of conflicts and wars.

　　Northeast Asia, which has all the above characteristics, has therefore become the eye of the storm and the frontier of geopolitical conflicts in various times. How to solve the problem of various crises, including regional crises, caused by capital alienation is a major issue related to human development.

　　Power moves eastward again.

　　According to the British economist Angus Madison’s estimation of gross domestic product (GDP) of all countries in history, as early as 1000 AD, China and India accounted for two-thirds of the global economy, and the global economic center of gravity occupied a solid position in the East at that time. After more than 800 years, with the arrival of the British industrial revolution, the economic center of gravity began to shift to Europe, and then to North America, and the west became the center of the world. But Angus Madison believes that the global economic center of gravity is rapidly shifting to the east and south, and by 2025, the global economic center of gravity will return to the Far East as it did in 1000 AD.

　　In the 1980s, human society kicked off the shift of the center of world power to the East, and Asian countries and regions rose one after another: Japan, the "four little dragons" and "four little tigers" in Asia, China, Viet Nam and India … … In particular, the rapid rise of China has promoted the development of the Asian region to an unprecedented height, and Asia has begun to enter a new era of overall rise.

　　However, the eastward shift of world power is not smooth sailing, but accompanied by huge obstacles, resistance and risks. We can see that the process of world power moving eastward is still stubbornly evolving, which has not been interrupted by the epidemic and the comprehensive suppression of China by the United States. However, American and Western forces do not want to see the power moving eastward at an accelerated pace, thus ending the era when the West dominated the world. To this end, they began to join hands and start a global layout. Whether it is putting forward the "Indo-Pacific Strategy", NATO’s eastward expansion, the rise of various military alliances, or the prediction of the new cold war, etc., it is the product of western international politics under the background of the eastward shift of power, which is intended to comprehensively contain, block, delay or even terminate this historical process and move against the trend of the times.

　　Northeast Asia, as the strategic support for the rise of the great powers in the East, has become the forefront of the East-West confrontation in the process of power moving eastward. The Korean Peninsula issue, the Taiwan Strait issue and the South China Sea issue have emerged one after another, all of which have become the fuse of confrontation and conflict between the East and the West, even the powder keg.

　　At present, people are most worried about whether the Korean Peninsula or the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea will become the next new battlefield after the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, and whether the new Cold War Iron Curtain with the theme of so-called autocracy and democracy defined by the West will really come.

　　Northeast Asia is under great pressure brought by the eastward shift of power, and the security situation is very grim. How to resolve the opposition and conflict between civilizations is a major issue of the times related to the future direction of human civilization.

　　Adjustment of relations between major powers

　　Northeast Asia is the intersection of the interests and contradictions of the United States, China, Russia and Japan. Under the great changes in the past century, the balance of power in the relations between world powers is undergoing major changes. The changes of power relations among big powers, the conflicts of interests among big powers and the strategic adjustment of their relations have become important variables for the security of Northeast Asia.

　　In particular, Sino-US relations, as the most important relationship in today’s world power structure, are profoundly affecting the trend of global geopolitics and promoting the transformation of the world pattern. The trend of Sino-US relations plays an important role in the security of Northeast Asia.

　　At present, Sino-US relations are in the process of deep strategic adjustment, and the security situation in Northeast Asia will also be turbulent due to this, and the future trend will be confusing. It is not ruled out that there will be a tense situation in stages. However, with the gradual adjustment of Sino-US relations or staged easing, the security situation in Northeast Asia will also change accordingly.

　　Therefore, the security of Northeast Asia depends to a great extent on the adjustment of relations between major powers, especially Sino-US relations. How to resolve the crisis of relations between major powers is a major issue of the times related to human security.

　　So, how can we resolve these contradictions?

　　The supreme leader of president, China, put forward three major initiatives to the world one after another, which are highly targeted to overcome the factors that aggravate the security dilemma in Northeast Asia. For example, global development initiatives can resolve the fission of the times caused by capital alienation; The global civilization initiative can resolve the mutual agitation between eastern and western civilizations brought about by the eastward shift of power; The global security initiative can resolve the geopolitical opposition and conflict brought about by the big country game.

　　(Wu Xinbo is the director and professor of the East Asian Studies Center of Shanghai International Studies University)

Cctv news "The cause of flowers is noble, and the cause of fruits is sweet. Let me do the cause of leaves, because the cause of leaves is ordinary and humble." This is Hugo’s words quoted by Cao Zhengyun, and it is also a portrayal of his 40-year teaching career.

In 1967, he came from Beijing to Pingshun to jump the queue, which made his home here. In 1976, he became a teacher in Pingshun Middle School. In 40 years, he gave up the opportunity to return to Beijing, stuck to this barren and simple land, and devoted all his youth to this beautiful county, from black-haired youth to white-haired old man, just for the dream of Yuanshanliwa flying out of the mountains.

At that time, how difficult it was for Shanliwa to enter the university! When sixty pairs of intense eyes stared at him from the audience, Cao Zhengyun clearly read that it was a desire to get out of the mountains, a trust entrusted by future and happiness. That year, the whole class he took got good grades: student Chen Chunxi missed Peking University by 2 points and was admitted to Beihang University. The number of students in the whole class who reached the second line doubled compared with the previous year.

In September 2004, Cao Zhengyun, who served as the office director and Chinese teacher of Pingshun Middle School for more than 20 years, retired from the middle-level leadership position. The school continues to arrange for him to take the place of senior three, and the workload is even greater than that of young people. Cao Zhengyun, who is over 60 years old, is as energetic as ever, and his spirit is even better than that of that year, just as he discussed with students and classmates more than 30 years ago. His students were admitted to Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China Shiyou University, China Geo University, beijing university of chemical technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Yanshan University, Dalian Maritime University, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University and other famous universities.

For decades, how many students Cao Zhengyun has taught, he can’t remember. Far away from the other side of the ocean, among the doctoral students of Stanford University, a famous American institution of higher learning, there are his carefully cultivated seedlings, and the students he personally instructed at the vast Gobi Desert missile launch base are vigorous …

Cao Zhengyun has no grandiloquence. He knows that Smooth lacks talents and needs talents. Smooth and poor, the government has difficulties, and schools have difficulties. Sharing worries for the party and relieving difficulties for the people, Communist party member should do its part.

There have been several schools that paid a lot of money to poach him, and even relatives, "San Gu Cao Lu", advised him to quit, but Cao Zhengyun declined gracefully. In his view, no matter how high the remuneration and thick the treatment are, they can’t compare with the sincere and simple greetings from all directions on Teacher’s Day.

Not moved by poverty or wealth, Cao Zhengyun stuck to a teacher’s pure initial heart for 40 years, burning himself and illuminating Shanliwa’s dream road. What he shows is the dedication and loftiness of a real teacher. Let’s say to him sincerely: Thank you!

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the National Bureau of Statistics, the basic situation of the national real estate market in the first half of 2023 is announced as follows:

　　I. Completion of investment in real estate development

　　In the first half of the year, the national investment in real estate development was 5,855 billion yuan, down by 7.9% year-on-year (see Note 6 for details in terms of comparable caliber); Among them, residential investment was 4,443.9 billion yuan, down 7.3%.

　　In the first half of the year, the housing construction area of real estate development enterprises was 7,915.48 million square meters, down 6.6% year-on-year. Among them, the residential construction area was 5,570.83 million square meters, down 6.9%. The newly started housing area was 498.8 million square meters, down by 24.3%. Among them, the newly started residential area was 363.4 million square meters, down by 24.9%. The completed housing area was 339.04 million square meters, an increase of 19.0%. Among them, the completed residential area was 246.04 million square meters, an increase of 18.5%.

　　Second, the sale and sale of commercial housing

　　In the first half of the year, the sales area of commercial housing was 595.15 million square meters, down 5.3% year-on-year, of which the sales area of residential housing decreased by 2.8%. The sales of commercial housing reached 6,309.2 billion yuan, up by 1.1%, of which residential sales increased by 3.7%.

　　At the end of June, the area of commercial housing for sale was 641.59 million square meters, a year-on-year increase of 17.0%. Among them, the residential area for sale increased by 18.0%.

　　Three, the real estate development enterprise funds in place

　　In the first half of the year, real estate development enterprises received 6,879.7 billion yuan in funds, down 9.8% year-on-year. Among them, domestic loans were 869.1 billion yuan, down by 11.1%; The utilization of foreign capital was 2.8 billion yuan, down by 49.1%; Self-raised funds were 2,056.1 billion yuan, down by 23.4%; Deposits and advance receipts were 2,427.5 billion yuan, down by 0.9%; Personal mortgage loans reached 1,242.9 billion yuan, up by 2.7%.

　　Fourth, the real estate development boom index

　　In June, the real estate development boom index (referred to as "national housing boom index") was 94.06.

　　annotations

　　1. Interpretation of indicators

　　Investment completed by real estate development enterprises this year: refers to all the investment completed during the reporting period for housing construction projects, land development projects, public welfare buildings and land purchase fees. This indicator is cumulative data.

　　Sales area of commercial housing: refers to the total contracted area of newly-built commercial housing sold during the reporting period (i.e. the construction area confirmed in the formal sales contract signed by both parties). This indicator is cumulative data.

　　Sales of commercial housing: refers to the total contract price of selling new commercial housing during the reporting period (i.e. the total contract price confirmed in the formal sales contract signed by both parties). This indicator is the same caliber as the sales area of commercial housing, and it is also cumulative data.

　　Sale area of commercial housing: refers to the construction area of commercial housing that has been completed for sale or lease at the end of the reporting period, but has not been sold or leased, including the housing areas completed in previous years and completed in this period, but excluding the housing areas that have been completed in the reporting period, such as demolition and reconstruction, unified construction and agent construction, public supporting buildings, real estate companies’ own use and revolving houses, which cannot be sold or leased.

　　Funds paid by real estate development enterprises this year: refers to all kinds of monetary funds and source channels actually used by real estate development enterprises for real estate development during the reporting period. It is subdivided into domestic loans, utilization of foreign capital, self-raised funds, deposits and advance receipts, personal mortgage loans and other funds. This indicator is cumulative data.

　　Housing construction area: refers to the total housing construction area constructed by real estate development enterprises during the reporting period. Including the area newly started in this period, the area of houses that entered this period in the previous period and continued to be constructed, the area of houses that were suspended in the previous period and resumed construction in this period, the area of houses completed in this period and the area of houses that were suspended after construction in this period. The construction area of multi-storey buildings refers to the sum of the construction areas of each floor.

　　Newly started housing area: refers to the newly started housing area of real estate development enterprises during the reporting period, with unit projects as the accounting object. It does not include the construction area of houses that started construction in the last period and continued construction in the reporting period, and the construction area that stopped construction in the last period and resumed work in this period. The construction of the house shall be based on the date when the house officially begins to break ground and dig trenches (foundation treatment or permanent piling). The newly started building area refers to the total building area of the whole building and cannot be calculated separately.

　　Completed building area: refers to the total building area of all buildings that have been completed according to the design requirements, reached the living and use conditions, passed the acceptance inspection or reached the completion acceptance standard, and can be officially handed over for use during the reporting period.

　　2. Statistical scope

　　All real estate development and operation legal entities with development and operation activities.

　　3. Investigation methods

　　Conduct a comprehensive survey on a monthly basis (except January).

　　4. Brief description of the national real estate development boom index.

　　The national real estate development boom index (hereinafter referred to as "national housing boom index") follows the theory of economic cycle fluctuation, is based on the boom cycle theory and boom cycle analysis method, uses time series, multivariate statistics and econometric analysis methods, takes real estate development investment as the benchmark index, selects relevant indicators of real estate investment, capital, area and sales, and excludes the influence of seasonal factors, including random factors. It is compiled by the growth rate cycle method, and is compiled monthly according to the newly added data. The national housing boom index chooses 2012 as the base year and sets its growth level at 100. Under normal circumstances, the national housing boom index is 100 points, which is the most suitable boom level, with a moderate boom level between 95 and 105 points, a low boom level below 95 and a high boom level above 105.

　　5. Division of East, Central, West and Northeast China

　　The eastern region includes 10 provinces (cities) including Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shandong, Guangdong and Hainan; The central region includes six provinces of Shanxi, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei and Hunan. The western region includes 12 provinces (cities and autonomous regions) including Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Xizang, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang. Northeast China includes Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces.

　　6. Description of year-on-year growth rate

　　The growth rate of real estate development investment, commercial housing sales area and other indicators are calculated according to comparable caliber. There are incomparable factors between the data of the reporting period and the published data of the same period last year, so it is impossible to directly compare and calculate the growth rate. The main reasons are as follows: (1) Strengthening the management of in-stock projects and revising the sales data of commercial housing for check-out. (two) to strengthen the statistical law enforcement, and to correct the data found in the statistical law enforcement inspection in accordance with the relevant provisions. (3) Strengthen data quality management, and exclude non-real estate development project investment and mortgage sales data.

　　CCTV News:On February 24th, the Press Office of the State Council held a series of press conferences on the theme of "Opening by Authorities". At the press conference, Wang Zhigang, Minister of Science and Technology, introduced the new progress of the national scientific and technological circles in studying and implementing the spirit of the 20th Party Congress and accelerating the new measures of self-reliance and self-improvement of high-level science and technology.

　　Wang Zhigang introduced that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has placed scientific and technological innovation at the core of the overall development of the country, and promoted China’s scientific and technological undertakings to achieve historic achievements and changes, from independent innovation to self-reliance, from following participation to leading development, from breakthrough in key areas to improvement of system capabilities. This decade is a decade of leap-forward development of China’s scientific and technological undertakings, the fastest decade of improvement of China’s scientific and technological innovation capabilities, and the most prominent decade of the role of science and technology as the primary productive force. The ranking of China’s global innovation index rose from the 34th in 2012 to the 11th in 2022, and it successfully entered the ranks of innovative countries, opening a new stage of realizing high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and building a powerful country in science and technology. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China insists on the core position of innovation in the overall situation of China’s modernization, regards education, science and technology and talents as the basic and strategic support for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, and makes special chapters for the first time. This is a major strategic choice made by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, based on the current situation and with a long-term perspective.

　　Wang Zhigang said that the national scientific and technological circles have thoroughly studied and implemented the spirit and decision-making arrangements of the 20th Party Congress, overcome difficulties and worked hard, all walks of life have worked together to tackle key problems, the eastern, central and western regions have cooperated in innovation, the science and technology industry has developed in a financial way, and the reform and innovation have been promoted in an all-round way, thus forming a majestic force that the whole country is United and determined to innovate. Scientific and technological innovation has played an unprecedented role in the overall cause of the party and the country. Scientific and technological empowerment has become a remarkable symbol of high-quality development, and scientific and technological innovation has become an important driving force to lead the modernization drive.

　　— — The strength of science and technology has jumped, and its influence on the global innovation map has been significantly enhanced. The R&D expenditure of the whole society increased from 1 trillion in 2012 to 3.09 trillion in 2022, and the R&D investment intensity increased from 1.91% to 2.55%. The investment in basic research increased from 49.9 billion yuan in 2012 to about 195.1 billion yuan in 2022, accounting for 4.8% to 6.3% of the total R&D expenditure. The total number of R&D personnel has increased from 3.25 million person-years in 2012 to more than 6 million person-years in 2022, ranking first in the world for many years. The top one thousandth of the world’s hot papers cited account for 41.7% of the global total, and highly cited papers account for 27.3%. China is not only an important participant in international frontier innovation, but also an important contributor to solving global problems.

　　— — Science and technology are fully empowered to provide more high-level source supply for high-quality development. Adhere to the goal-oriented and free exploration of "walking on two legs", and achieve a number of original achievements with international influence in basic research fields such as quantum information and brain science, and play a leading role in innovation in several important fields. Adhere to pay equal attention to short board and long board, and achieve breakthroughs in key core technologies of key industries such as high-performance equipment, intelligent robots and laser manufacturing. Actively deploy new tracks, and emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, blockchain, and 5G accelerate the application of the scene. Focus on the two key issues of seeds and cultivated land, and strongly support and ensure national food security. Facing people’s life and health, scientific and technological innovation provides more accurate and comprehensive support for disease prevention, public health and coping with population aging. The infiltration, diffusion and subversive functions of scientific and technological innovation are fully manifested, and they are deeply integrated into all fields of economic and social development and all aspects of people’s lives, greatly improving the quality and lasting motivation of China’s development, and creating a broader new vision and bringing better new expectations for Chinese modernization.

　　— — The reform has made great efforts, and the overall efficiency of the national innovation system has been significantly improved. The reform of the scientific and technological system has been accelerated in three years, and many breakthroughs have been made in key areas. Strengthen the construction of national strategic scientific and technological strength, accelerate the construction of national laboratory system with China characteristics, and high-level research universities and research institutes play a key role in implementing major national scientific and technological tasks. The main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation has been further improved. The number of high-tech enterprises has increased from 39,000 in 2012 to 400,000 in 2022, contributing 68% of the R&D investment of national enterprises, and 762 enterprises have entered the top 2,500 global enterprises in R&D investment. We will promote the construction of international and regional science and technology innovation centers as a whole. A new round of Zhongguancun will take the lead in adding and deducting basic research and development expenses and paying for scientific and technological achievements after trial. 23 national self-created zones and 177 national high-tech zones have become the vanguard of high-quality development. The legal policies and cultural environment conducive to scientific and technological innovation have been further optimized, and the enthusiasm of the whole society to support, invest in, participate in and promote innovation has never been higher.

　　— — Expand open cooperation and actively create an innovative ecology conducive to international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation. Open cooperation is an inherent requirement for the development of science and technology itself, and it is also an inevitable requirement for coping with global common challenges. We adhere to the concept of open, inclusive and mutually beneficial international scientific and technological cooperation, establish scientific and technological cooperation relations with more than 160 countries and regions, and participate in more than 200 international organizations and multilateral mechanisms. Extensive international cooperative research has been carried out in key areas such as climate change, clean energy and COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, and joint funding has been carried out with more than 60 countries, regions and international organizations. The "Belt and Road" scientific and technological innovation action plan has achieved fruitful results and built a number of joint laboratories. Take the lead in organizing international major scientific plans and projects, and actively participate in international major scientific projects such as international thermonuclear fusion experimental reactor and square kilometer array radio telescope. Build more international scientific and technological exchange and cooperation platforms in key areas, provide a broad development stage for talents from all countries who come to work in China, and make China a fertile ground for global innovation and entrepreneurship.

　　Wang Zhigang said that in 2022, with the joint efforts of all scientific and technological workers, China’s scientific and technological innovations were fruitful, and good news spread frequently. The three modules of Tianhe, Zhentian and Mengtian gathered in Tianyu, and the China Space Station stood proudly in space. A number of major innovations such as Kuafu’s exploration of the sun, Qinghai-Tibet expedition, micro-nano satellites, quantum transmission and proton therapy emerged one after another. The expenditure on R&D in the whole society exceeded 3 trillion yuan for the first time, the intensity of R&D investment exceeded 2.5% for the first time, and the proportion of basic research investment exceeded 6% for four consecutive years. Breakthroughs have been made in tackling key core technologies, and new steps have been taken in building the country’s strategic scientific and technological strength. The "Science and Technology Winter Olympics" ensures high-quality hosting and high-level participation in the Beijing Winter Olympics, and scientific research has made important contributions to a major and decisive victory in national epidemic prevention and control.

　　Wang Zhigang pointed out that this year is the first year to study and implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress. In the field of science and technology, "opening a new bureau and seeking new articles" is to be a "pioneer" in reshaping new advantages in development; In building a new development pattern, do a good job of "boosting engine"; Play a "key role" in Chinese modernization. At present and in the future, we will fully implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress and the major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, focus on the strategic direction of "four orientations", base ourselves on the frontier characteristics and evolution trend of world science and technology, and seize the great opportunities of new scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation; Based on the characteristics of scientific and technological innovation in China, strengthen the clear orientation of self-reliance and self-improvement of high-level science and technology; Based on the stage characteristics of the new era, we will effectively guarantee national development and strategic security.

　　Wang Zhigang said, we firmly believe that under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the national scientific and technological circles will further strengthen their innovation and self-confidence, strive to overcome difficulties, bravely climb the peak of science and technology, unswervingly implement the strategic deployment put forward by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, accelerate the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, make a good start and make an irreplaceable contribution to building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Chongqing, February 18th　Title: Make the water clearer and the fish happier — — Protection of rare fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Zhang Guilin, Zhou Wenchong and Lin Bifeng

　　"In the past two years, there have been more and more fish in the river, and fish species that were rare in the past can often be monitored." Liu Hong, a fish keeper in Jiangjin section of the Yangtze River in Chongqing, stood at the stern and looked at the misty Yangtze River. From time to time, fish jumped out of the water.

　　The upper reaches of the Yangtze River are the spawning grounds and gene bank of germplasm resources of rare and endemic fish such as Yangtze sturgeon, mullet and rock carp. However, for a period of time, rare and endemic fish were once faced with survival crisis due to the destruction of ecological environment such as sewage discharge, overfishing, dredging and quarrying. In recent years, with the deepening of "joint protection and no development" in the Yangtze River basin, the ecological environment in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River has been greatly improved, the total amount of fish resources has been accelerated, and more and more rare and endemic fish have reappeared in the river.

　　The water is getting smoother and smoother, and rare fish are seen again.

　　"In the special monitoring carried out last year, we caught the national second-class protected wild animal rock carp almost every day. But a few years ago, I couldn’t get one in a year. " Since 2005, Yao Weizhi, director of the Fishery Resources and Environment Research Center of Southwest University, and his research team have been tracking and monitoring the fish resources in the national nature reserve of rare and endemic fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.

　　Comparing the catch of a research fishing boat in one day is an important means for the research team to investigate the changes of fish resources. Yao Weizhi said that since the opening of the Yangtze River Protection in 2016, the total fish resources in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River have obviously recovered, the population structure has been improved, and the frequency of rare and endemic fish has also increased. Last year, the research team also found 33 Yangtze sturgeons in Dingjiatuo fish spawning ground in the Yangtze River.

The staff recorded the monitoring situation at the Yudong Ecological Observation Point in Zhenxiong County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province (photo taken on January 11, 2022). Xinhua News Agency reporter Lin Bifeng photo

　　In Chishui River, a tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, rare and endemic fish also frequently appear. Walking into the ecological observation point of Yudong, Zhenxiong County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province, the slogan "Clear water every day, fish every year" was particularly eye-catching, and Yao Mingchang, a staff member, was busy recording the monitoring situation. At the beginning of 2022, four kinds of rare and endemic fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, namely Schizothorax kunming, Schizothorax szechuanensis, Cremastodon latissimus and Loach bainite, were observed at the Yudong ecological observation point.

　　Jia Shipeng, deputy director of the Yunnan Management and Protection Bureau of the National Nature Reserve for Rare and Endemic Fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, said that the number of fish species monitored in the Yunnan section of the Chishui River Basin has recovered from 36 in 2020 to 42 at present. Among them, the age of indicative species and dominant species groups such as Schizothorax Kunming and Hymenoptera yunnanensis is increasingly optimized, and the proportion of sexually mature fish in the catch is increasing; The number and proportion of medium-sized and large-sized fish sensitive to environmental pressure in the monitored catch increased significantly, "this shows that the recovery of fish biodiversity in the Yunnan section of Chishui River shows a good trend".

　　The return of rare and endemic fish is inseparable from the protection and restoration of fish habitats in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Since 2020, Zhaotong City has completely dismantled the dams of 17 small hydropower stations in Yunnan section of Chishui River, restored river connectivity, and made fish migration channels smoother.

　　Illegal docks and illegal sand mining, which pose a great threat to the spawning grounds of rare fish, have also been included in the focus of rectification. Wang Wei, director of the management office of Chongqing National Nature Reserve for Rare and Endemic Fish, said that in recent years, the Chongqing section of the reserve has regularly carried out work such as ship cleaning, net cleaning, Qingjiang River cleaning and shore cleaning, and timely curbed the illegal and illegal signs such as sewage discharge, shoreline occupation and river construction, and continued to maintain rectification results.

　　After years of continuous management and restoration, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are now gradually showing a beautiful scene of birds flying and fish jumping and green scenery on the shore.

　　Fishing is forbidden to protect fish, and fish have a safe home.

　　

Liu Hong (right), the captain of the Honghu Fish Protection Volunteer Team, led the team members to patrol the Jiangjin section of the Yangtze River in Chongqing (photo taken on September 2, 2022). Xinhua News Agency reporter Huang Weishe

　　Liu Hong, who grew up along the Yangtze River, is now back on the Yangtze River. However, his status has changed from "fisherman" and ancient building repairer to "fish keeper".

On February 7, 2023, members of the Honghu Fish Protection Volunteer Team patrolled the Jiangjin section of the Yangtze River in Chongqing (photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency reporter Huang Weishe

　　In 2014, with the support of the local government, Liu Hong set up the Honghu Fish Protection Volunteer Team to lead dozens of fishermen and volunteers to conduct voluntary inspections along the Yangtze River in Jiangjin, Chongqing, his hometown, to help law enforcement agencies stop illegal fishing. "In the years before the establishment of the fish protection volunteer team, criminals were rampant in electric fishing, and fishermen often failed to catch a few kilograms of fish a day." Liu Hong said.

　　Suijiang County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province launched a patrol operation against fishing (photo taken on December 31, 2020). Xinhua news agency

　　Overfishing was once an important factor endangering the survival of fish in the Yangtze River. To this end, as early as 2017, the Chishui River Basin took the lead in opening the no-fishing mode. Since January 2020, the national nature reserve of rare and endemic fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River has completely banned productive fishing. A year later, the "ten-year fishing ban" in key waters of the Yangtze River Basin was fully launched. The regulatory authorities in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River vigorously cracked down on illegal fishing, and fishermen along the Yangtze River retreated to shore one after another, making rare fish have a safer home.

　　In the Jiangjin section of the Yangtze River in Chongqing, the retired fishermen of the Honghu Fish Protection Volunteer Team took advantage of their familiarity with fish conditions and skillful sailing skills, and were responsible for water patrol and night patrol. The local regulatory authorities installed 25 video surveillance equipment on the riverbank, basically realizing the "synchronization of civil air defense technology and defense". In zhutuo town, Yongchuan District, Chongqing, the police office, law enforcement station and patrol station were jointly set up by the Yangtze River shipping public security, agricultural comprehensive administrative law enforcement and nature reserves to carry out normalized joint supervision, and illegal and criminal acts such as electric fishing and poaching were effectively curbed. In the main tributaries of Chishui River, no fishing and fish protection have also achieved grid management.

　　This is the scenery of Zhongba Island in Chongqing (photo taken on January 7, 2020, photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Yushe

　　Many residents of Zhongba Island, the first island where the Yangtze River enters Chongqing, have been fishing for generations. Today, all fishermen on the island have completed the retreat and changed production. Zhao Lianglu, a retired fisherman, planted sugar cane on the island and started a transportation business with an annual income of nearly 60,000 yuan. In May last year, Zhongba Island also established the Sichuan-Chongqing Judicial Cooperation Ecological Protection Base, a national nature reserve for rare and endemic fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Inter-provincial joint management mechanism has made the serious border waters stolen in the past a "safe haven" for rare fish.

　　The ecological awareness and the concept of rule of law of the people along the Yangtze River have also been constantly improved. Shen Rui, director of Zhenxiong Management and Protection Station of Yunnan Management and Protection Bureau, a national nature reserve for rare and endemic fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, said that since the launch of the "10-year ban on fishing", the management and protection station has made great efforts to strengthen the publicity of the ban on fishing and fishing, and jointly issued more than 200,000 copies of the "10-year ban on fishing" notice and posted notices of the ban on fishing in 14 towns and villages on both sides of the Chishui River. Ma Banghui, a 42-year-old villager from Cangshang Village, Hualang Township, Zhenxiong County, said that the village has formulated village rules and regulations to protect the Chishui River, and now it has become the conscious behavior of the masses to ban fishing and protect fish.

　　Breeding fish proliferates, allowing more rare fish to regenerate.

　　Despite the increasing protection, the existing populations of some rare and endemic fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are still limited, and it is difficult for some fish to continue and expand their populations only by natural reproduction. In this regard, the government departments along the Yangtze River have cooperated with universities, colleges and leading enterprises to carry out artificial breeding of rare and endemic fish, and at the same time continue to increase the proliferation and release of rare fish to help them achieve new life.

This is the rare fish domestication base in the Three Gorges reservoir area (photo taken on February 25, 2022, drone photo). Xinhua News Agency reporter Tang Yushe

　　Chongqing Wanzhou Fisheries Research Institute, located in the Three Gorges reservoir area, successfully realized the artificial propagation of Myxocyprinus asiaticus in 1970s. After years of scientific research and practice, it has built a national original seed farm for Myxocyprinus asiaticus. Over the past 10 years, this research institute has put more than 70 million rare fry into the Three Gorges reservoir area. At present, Wanzhou Fisheries Research Institute reserves more than 100 parents of Acipenser Changjiang, a national first-class protected animal, and is strengthening research to further improve the artificial reproduction ability of Acipenser Changjiang and help its population recover.

The proliferation and release activities of Yunnan section of the national nature reserve for rare and endemic fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River were held in Shuifu City, Yunnan Province (photo taken on April 23, 2021). Xinhua news agency

　　"Proliferation and release can supplement and restore the population of fish resources, improve the fish population structure, and at the same time improve the level of biodiversity." Jia Shipeng introduced that since the establishment of the Yunnan Management and Protection Bureau of the National Nature Reserve for Rare and Endemic Fish in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River in 2019, a targeted plan for the proliferation and release of the reserve has been formulated, and 308,900 fry of national first-and second-class protected wild animals such as Yangtze sturgeon, mullet and Jinsha carp have been released, and 969,700 fry of Spinibarbus sinensis, Schizothorax Kunming and Yunnan smooth-lipped fish have been released.

　　This is an artificial fish nest photographed on the bank of Jiangjin section of the Yangtze River in Chongqing on February 7, 2023. Xinhua News Agency reporter Huang Weishe

　　During the spawning period, artificial fish nests are also built in various places along the Yangtze River to provide places for fish to breed, grow and seek bait, so as to help restore fish resources. In 2021 and 2022, the management department respectively built 6,000 square meters and 7,000 square meters artificial fish nests in Shaonvping section of Xiangjiaba Reservoir Area in Shuifu City, Yunnan Province. The monitoring results show that in 2021, the actual number of eggs laid in artificial fish nests was more than 150 million, and in 2022, the number of eggs laid and the rate of hatching increased, effectively improving the population structure and quantity of wild fish. This year, Shuifu City has started to build the third batch of artificial fish nests.

　　After continuous clean water, fish protection and fish breeding, the recovery of some rare fish populations has gradually ushered in the dawn. In the Sanpaohe section of Jiangjin, Chongqing, the riverbank damaged by sand excavation and quarrying in the past has achieved remarkable results in natural restoration through recuperation in recent years. "With the improvement of ecological environment and hydrological conditions, it may become a wild spawning ground for rare fish such as Yangtze sturgeon in the future. We will continue to observe and prepare for the return of breeding groups." Yao Weizhi said.

　　Video reporters: Zhao Xiaoshuai, Lin Bifeng, Long Wu.

　　Poster design: Excellence

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1905 movie network news A few days ago, there was a shooting accident on the set of a new film being filmed. In the scene of a glass explosion, the explosion was out of the control of the staff, and some broken glass flew to the actor, causing the latter to be injured.

It is reported that jennifer lawrence had an accident when he was filming opposite Timothée Chalamet, a "sweet tea". At present, Lawrence has been sent to the hospital and filming has been stopped. However, there is no specific report on Lawrence’s injury at present.

Big Cousin, Little Plum, Don’t Look Up, Reuters.

Movie "Don’t look up.There is a strong irony in the story. Two astronomers found that a meteorite is about to destroy the earth, and they must warn the general public who don’t believe this situation. Director MacKay said: "Let’s face it, we live in a crazy era. There are many changes and turbulence, some of which are good and some are terrible. We hope to show this upside-down era with different new partners, new ideas and new projects, stimulate the audience’s interest, and produce movies, TV, streaming media or other content with big events."

Jennifer lawrence won the 85th Best Actress.

Like many of McKay’s films,Don’t look up."also harvested a large number of star actors to join. In addition to the above two, the US team,,, and, Ariana Grande,,, and others. According to the plan, the film will be produced and distributed under Netflix. MacKay said that this new film will have a black satirical story on campus in a style similar to "The Tail-wagging Dog".

The Beijing News (Reporter Ni Wei) It has been more than a year since the Beijing municipal administrative center moved into the city sub-center. How is this axis-aligned, Chinese-Western integrated building group used? Zhu Xiaodi, chief designer of the first phase of the administrative office area of the sub-center, recently told the Beijing News reporter that the office area is running well and can be regarded as a representative office building of the China government.

　

Zhu Xiaodi is the chief architect of Beijing Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., and also a famous architect in China. He has participated in urban construction for more than 30 years, designed famous buildings such as SOHO Modern City, Shenzhen Cultural Center and "Landscape Tower", and also participated in a series of old city renewal projects such as No.222 West Polishing Factory Street and Beijing Square.

　

In view of the protection and renovation of the old city and the reuse of old factories, Zhu Xiaodi believes that they are actually facing some same issues, such as introducing social resources to balance the contradiction between input and return, and paying attention to functional positioning and industrial planning, so that industries suitable for specific spaces can develop continuously for a long time.

[Profile] Zhu Xiaodi, chief designer of the first phase of the administrative office area of the city sub-center. Zhu Xiaodi is the chief architect of Beijing Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., and also a famous architect in China. He has participated in urban construction for more than 30 years, designed famous buildings such as SOHO Modern City, Shenzhen Cultural Center and "Landscape Tower", and also participated in a series of old city renewal projects such as No.222 West Polishing Factory Street and Beijing Square. Beijing News reporter Hou Shaoqing photo

The first phase of the administrative office area of the city sub-center is running well.

　

Beijing News:The first phase of the administrative office area of the sub-center has been stationed for a whole year. How to evaluate the operation of this year? Has the original design idea been fully realized?

　

Zhu Xiaodi:The administrative office area of the sub-center is not only a modern building complex, but also a cultural image and symbol to face the future. The most fundamental thing is the exchange, collision, communication and integration of eastern and western cultures.

　

The main buildings in the first phase of the administrative office area are arranged in the way of north-south counterpoint and east-west symmetry, which plays the role of "distinguishing the square from the square". Through the layout of axis alignment, the building forms a complete and reasonable community. At the same time, it also integrates the experience and wisdom of all aspects of contemporary urban construction in technology.

　

The first phase of the building is integrated with the surrounding squares, greening, lighting, indicating and guiding systems, etc. Now, it seems that the overall operation is relatively good. The government office building in China is a unique type. In this type, I think the first phase of the administrative office area of the sub-center should be representative.

　

Government office buildings also have their own characteristics, such as the basic use of north-south direction. Then the south direction is different from the north direction, and the low-rise and high-rise offices. For example, the lighting in the north direction is not as good as that in the south direction, but it is impossible to make a single corridor. On the one hand, it is too wasteful, and it will also bring problems of heat insulation and cold protection, and the energy loss is great.

　

The adaptive industrial function is limited, so the protection of the old city should pay attention to the functional orientation.

　

Beijing News:Last year, you participated in the planning of an exhibition "Born in the Old", which showed the achievements of Beijing’s old city renewal in the past ten years, as well as international and domestic urban renewal cases. What was the purpose?

　

Zhu Xiaodi:Last year was the 10th anniversary of beijing design week and the 10th anniversary of Design Week’s participation in Beijing’s urban renewal. Taking this opportunity, the exhibition is not only a professional summary in the industry, but also a demonstration of the old city protection experience including Beijing, with the goal of achieving better results in Beijing’s next urban renewal.

　

In fact, during the renewal of the old city, a number of well-known works designed by architects emerged, which became the focus of social attention, or a "punch card" place, and there were award-winning projects at home and abroad.

　

The renovation of a small courtyard may be only a few hundred square meters, but it has attracted great attention from the society and even the international attention, which shows that the protection of the old city is not only a specific problem of housing renovation and renewal, but also a social problem to be considered and solved. These buildings themselves are also representative attempts, which will play a role in the protection and renewal of the old city.

　

Beijing News:What is the more important work besides these eye-catching designs for the protection and renewal of the old city?

　

Zhu Xiaodi:The old city of Beijing is composed of many traditional quadrangles and residential courtyard units, with a very large area and quantity. It is impossible to form a wide-ranging development trend in a short time simply by the work of architects.

　

To really protect and update the old city and achieve certain results in a short time, I think the most important thing is the pre-work, that is, to do a good job in project planning and functional positioning, and even later operation.

　

When we look ahead, we will find that the industries, functions and resources that can really adapt to the old city space are still very limited. For example, the spatial pattern of the old city is relatively narrow, which is different from the functional needs of modern cities; The lack of adaptability of traditional buildings to cold and hot weather conditions will also affect their use. On the other hand, there are still some problems in the old city, such as transportation, housing rent and so on, and the functions and formats that can remain in such a space for long-term development are very limited.

　

Especially in the East and West Cities, once a large number of courtyard spaces are sorted out, once there is a lack of functional resources, space will form competition, and it is also a waste to handle it badly. Therefore, I think that although the architects’ designs may have their own styles, they will find that the architectural style does not have the uniqueness of rational use of functions, and this is the difficulty, and even they will face secondary transformation. Therefore, in order to effectively protect and update, it is necessary to do a good job in the later operation.

　

The investment in old city renewal is large and the return is slow, so social resources should be encouraged to enter.

　

Beijing News:Will this also involve whether the investment and return of the old city renewal project can form a virtuous circle?

　

Zhu Xiaodi:At present, there are some policy constraints and management system constraints, which are basically supported by the government or state-owned assets. Imagine that if the government has invested heavily, it will be difficult to continue to support it one day, because the cost is very large and it will continue to invest. I think there is still a breakthrough, giving full play to the role of social resources in the protection and renewal of the old city and the role of indigenous people.

　

Beijing News:In recent years, Beijing’s annual key work arrangements will mention the requirements of strengthening the overall protection of the old city, protecting the texture of hutongs and quadrangles. What suggestions do you have?

　

Zhu Xiaodi:Beijing’s new master plan mentions that the old city can no longer be demolished. This sentence extends a little understanding. Is it possible to determine the service life of the old city buildings or the ownership and use rights of houses for a long time?

　

The design service life of newly-built residential buildings and the transfer life of the right to use are stipulated, 70 or 50 years. We propose that the old city can no longer be demolished, so should the service life of the old city buildings and the service life of private owners be more clearly defined? This will give a clear signal to the society that the return generated by the input cost can be shared over a longer period of time, which will help social capital and individuals to invest more actively in the protection and utilization of old buildings.

　

Otherwise, everyone is waiting, and the aborigines may also have such considerations, fearing that they will move one day, thus forming a state of making do and making do. Individual homeowners may give up the renovation plan and let it decline because they don’t know how many years they can live here. I think we should not only play the role of the government or state-owned assets, but also give full play to the enthusiasm of house owners, users and even all aspects of society to participate in the protection of the old city.

　

Old factories need to be filled with suitable formats to form industrial concentration.

　

Beijing News:Beijing is currently promoting the transformation of old factories into cultural parks. As of September last year, the city has sorted out 774 old factories, including 248 in the sixth district of the city. What is the uniqueness of this space resource of old factories?

　

Zhu Xiaodi:Whether it is the old city or the industrial heritage, architecture should play a specific role. Why do we like industrial heritage space? Because the industrial heritage is closer to the life of modern people, working in such a space can make you feel more about the historical development process. In fact, the concepts of the future, fashion and design are discussed above, which are not realistic things, so we need such a space to do it and stimulate imagination.

　

The old factories in Beijing still have the problems mentioned above. I think the difficulty lies here in what kind of format can adapt to and fully fill the constantly developed space. For example, some factories focus on the film industry, while others focus on the design industry. With positioning, industrial concentration can be better formed, thus developing on a large scale. This may be a problem that needs to be solved now, otherwise resources will be wasted.

　

Beijing News:Suzhou, Hangzhou and other cities are now facing the problem of old city protection and renewal. Why do major cities concentrate on this stage?

　

Zhu Xiaodi:Since 2012, China society has entered a new stage of development, from the high-speed development in the past to the medium-high-speed development, and the whole society has to transform from the incremental development stage to the stock development stage.

　

At this stage, the space for the incremental development of urban space has narrowed. For example, some megacities have demarcated the boundaries of urban development, and urban leaders should pay more attention to how the stock resources can fill the shortcomings. In the process of rapid development for decades, some problems and contradictions remain very obvious. If the problems are not solved, the incremental development will be curbed, and the population attraction and urban vitality will be reduced.

　

Then these stocks are reflected in the old city renewal problem, the old community problem, industrial heritage protection and so on. Government departments should realize that in the process of transferring incremental development into stock development, they should make full use of the existing incremental development bonus. Once this bonus disappears, stock development will lose its momentum, because it is impossible to invest without money. Unlike incremental development, stock development is a continuous and overlapping process.

　

The stricter the planning, the more dialogue is needed to supplement it.

　

Beijing News:In the implementation of urban planning, how can all forces participate in urban construction?

　

Zhu Xiaodi:The stricter the planning, the more dialogue mechanisms are needed to supplement it, so as to ensure that the public interests of the city are reflected in the urban public space and the space can get more sustainable development.

　

For example, building the ground floor overhead, adding some arcades along the street, giving space to the city, and making the venues of some projects available for public use can all reflect the friendly and open situation of single building projects to the city, which should be encouraged more in urban planning.

　

How to encourage it specifically? It may be necessary to balance interests. For example, if the ground floor is overhead, is it allowed to be built higher? Green space is open to the public, can you get some fees? Otherwise, every builder will be surrounded by walls, and the city will become more and more blocked and narrower. I think that in the process of planning implementation, more multi-faceted and multi-level dialogues can make the use of urban space more diverse and rich.

　

Beijing News:How do people have a say in the public space around them?

　

Zhu Xiaodi:The urban dialogue platform marks the maturity of urban management and also reflects the relationship between the city and the people. For example, some street parks and pocket parks, which are closely related to people’s lives, should listen to the opinions of the people more. In fact, it can be more targeted for architects to design.

　

For example, some communities are seriously aging, and public spaces need more sunshine, leisure and communication to meet the needs of the elderly. Design should pay more attention to these needs and give some strategies, instead of simply making a concept and a design. The purpose is to attract everyone’s attention or to do more practical work.

　

Beijing News reporter Ni Wei cooperation reporter Hou Shaoqing

Editor Chen Si proofreads Wei Zhuo.

　　China Weather Network News After the "empty platform" in July, there have been many typhoons recently. Since August, four typhoons have been generated in the northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea, among which Typhoon Hagupit No.4 and Typhoon Mikla No.6 have successively landed in the coastal areas of Yueqing, Zhejiang and Zhangpu, Fujian. So, is there a time rule for typhoon activities? When is the craziest? Where does it prefer to land? China Weather Network specially studied the big data from 1949 to 2019, and analyzed various "preferences" of typhoons.

　　China is prone to typhoons from July to September.

　　From the time of typhoon activity, typhoons may occur in the northwest Pacific and the South China Sea all year round. In China, the time range of typhoon landing is also very wide. Except for January to March, typhoons land in other months. According to the distribution of landfall in each month, the time of typhoon landing in China is mainly concentrated in summer and autumn, and the most concentrated period is from July to September.

　　According to meteorological big data, from 1949 to 2019, there were 130 typhoons landing in China in July and August, and the number of landings in September was 122, accounting for 78% of the year.

　　Typhoon "favors" Guangdong most.

　　According to meteorological big data, from 1949 to 2019, a total of 491 typhoons landed in China. From the landing place of typhoons, they can be "captured" from Sanya in Hainan in the south and Yingkou in Liaoning in the north. However, the landing sites for typhoons are Guangdong, Taiwan Province, Fujian and Hainan, among which Guangdong is the most popular.

　　Statistics show that in the past 71 years, a total of 189 typhoons landed in Guangdong. Because some typhoons landed many times, these 189 typhoons landed in Guangdong for 194 times, and the number and times of typhoons landing in Guangdong were the first in the country. The typhoon landed in Taiwan Province, Fujian and Hainan for more than 100 times.

　　In addition, there are typhoons "landing" in northern China. According to the statistical data from 1949 to 2019, there were 14 typhoons landing on the coast of Shandong and 6 typhoons landing on the coast of Liaoning. Among them, the 11th typhoon "Winnie" in 1997 landed in Yingkou, Liaoning on August 21st, 1997, which was the northernmost typhoon landing in China.

　　Hebei, Beijing, Jilin, Heilongjiang and other places have all been affected by the low pressure after typhoon weakening, the cloud system around the typhoon or the temperate cyclone after typhoon denaturation, and even typhoons have passed through.

　　Hualien, Taiwan is the most vulnerable county and city to typhoon in China.

　　From the specific landing point, Hualien, Taiwan is the county and city most vulnerable to typhoons in China. According to meteorological big data, there were as many as 37 typhoons landing in Hualien from 1949 to 2019. Wenchang and Wanning in Hainan, Taitung and Yilan in Taiwan, Xuwen and Yangjiang in Guangdong are also "typhoon-attracting" areas, and the number of typhoons landing has reached or exceeded 20.

　　Shao Peng, a meteorologist of China Weather Network, explained that although Guangdong is the most vulnerable province to typhoons, its coastline is long and there are many coastal counties and cities, while there are only a few counties and cities along the eastern coast of Taiwan Province and Hainan. On average, the number of typhoon landings in each county and city along the Guangdong coast will be relatively less, but the counties and cities along the eastern coast of Taiwan Province and Hainan are more frequently attacked by typhoons.

　　Among the counties and cities along the eastern coast of Taiwan Province, Hualien is the most vulnerable to typhoons, which is also closely related to its geographical location. Because the overall path of typhoons landing in Taiwan Province is northerly, Hualien, which is located in the north and occupies a long coastline, has thus become the most vulnerable area to typhoons.

　　The typhoons landing in China vary greatly from year to year.

　　According to meteorological big data, from 1949 to 2019, there were 1918 typhoons generated in the Pacific Northwest and the South China Sea, with an average of 27 typhoons generated each year, with an average of 6.9 typhoons landing in China each year. However, the generation and landing of typhoons do not follow the average law every year, but show great interannual changes.

　　In the year with many typhoons, 40 typhoons were generated in 1967; In 1998 and 2010, there were only 14 typhoons.

　　Judging from the number of landings each year, there are also great differences between years. The year when typhoons landed in China was 1971, and 12 typhoons landed in China. The years when typhoons landed in China were the least in 1950 and 1951, and only three typhoons landed.

　　The proportion of typhoons and strong tropical storms landing in China is the highest.

　　In terms of intensity, the typhoon landing in China is the strongest tropical storm, accounting for 31.2%; The proportion of typhoons and tropical storms is not small, accounting for 30.3% and 21.4% respectively; The number of strong typhoon and super typhoon landing in China is 63 and 21 respectively, accounting for 12.8% and 4.3% respectively.

　　Strong typhoons and super typhoons prefer to land in August-September, especially in September. According to meteorological big data, from 1949 to 2019, there were 122 typhoons that landed in China in September, of which 25 were strong typhoons and 7 were super typhoons, accounting for 26.2%. The proportion of strong typhoons and above when landing was the highest in each month.

　　Rammasun is the strongest typhoon that landed in China since 1949.

　　In the past 71 years, there were 21 typhoons landing in China with super typhoon level. Among them, when the No.9 typhoon "rammasun" landed in Wenchang, Hainan in 2014, the maximum wind force near the center reached 70 m/s, which was the strongest typhoon landing in China since 1949. Moreover, after landing in Hainan, rammasun continued to land in Guangdong and Guangxi, causing 7.423 million people and 4.685 million hectares of crops in 59 counties and cities in Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi to be affected. The direct economic loss was about 26.55 billion yuan, and Nanning and other cities were waterlogged and seriously damaged.

　　In addition, when the No.8 typhoon "Opal" in 1962, No.12 typhoon "Wanda" in 1956, No.8 typhoon "Sang Mei" in 2006 and No.14 typhoon "Marge" in 1973 landed in China, the maximum winds near the center all reached 60 m/s and above. Together with "rammasun", these four typhoons became the top five in the typhoon power list.

　　Typhoons always come with wind and rain, which is extremely destructive. Before the arrival of typhoons, coastal residents should pay attention to defending against typhoons, especially strengthening their awareness of self-protection.

　　When a typhoon strikes, be sure to pay close attention to the typhoon dynamics and avoid going to the typhoon-affected areas; If the residential area is already in the typhoon-affected area, it is necessary to pay attention to cleaning the flowerpots on the external windows, the hanging objects on the balcony, etc., and reinforce the doors and windows in advance to avoid going out when the typhoon comes; When you have to go out, you should also pay attention to stay away from dangerous areas, such as near billboards, dangerous old houses and low-lying areas in mountainous areas. (Text/Zhang Hui Design/Chen Yujie Data Support/Shao Peng Audit/Yu Xiaofen Feng Wei Liu Wenjing Liu Hongxin)

　　Note: The typhoon data in this paper only count tropical storms and above.