Text | Zinc Scale Meng Huiyuan

Editor | Li Jinlin

Due to the sudden explosion of the content of the first live broadcast of Singer 2024, in order to get the first-hand news, some "fun people" borrowed from relatives and friends to get a membership account, some searched all kinds of free broadcast channels, and some paid a huge annual subscription fee for sneak peek …

In the splash caused by Mango Taiwan, various members of the video platform "routines" are presented to consumers again: "You are a VIP—SVIP—-full-screen member, why don’t you have a SVIP again, forcing me to watch pirated apps?" "VIP can’t upgrade SVIP, full-screen has no SVIP rights, and SVIP can’t be used on TV." "Svip doesn’t have a coupon for 28 yuan for one month, so what is my membership with one year left?

According to the zinc scale, not only the video members of "Mango Taiwan" are criticized by users, but also there are "VVIP problems" including fitness, making friends, audio and other apps. Even the office software WPS has recently attracted a lot of attention because of the "doll-style" charging, which can not help but make people sigh. "The leek is not as fast as the’ routine’ of membership charging."

The program is on fire, but the membership rights are full of routines.

I recall the last time I watched the variety show "I am a singer", when Yue Lin was still in college. Yue Lin still remembers what a novel viewing experience the TV set in the dormitory was less than 20 inches at that time. "You don’t know how shocked everyone was when G.E.M. sang" Bubble ".As soon as this’ unknown’ singer opened his mouth, the sisters in the whole dormitory were quiet."

And once again pay attention to this program, Yue Lin is already a senior worker of an Internet company. Yue Lin’s mind was constantly filled with all kinds of tricks on the Internet when she brushed the relevant information on the short video platform, from "Fifty-year-old Taishouguo" to "Adventures of Eiko" to "Singer 2024", which made Lei Jun win the first place in the UC users’ list, all of which made her regain her interest in the program.

After brushing a lot of CUT videos and thinking that she had finished the homework of the first live broadcast, Yue Lin turned on the projector in her small rental house on Friday night, ready to watch the much-anticipated "World War II" in an immersive way, but what she didn’t expect was that the first step of watching the program stumped her. "You have to be a full-screen member to watch the full version, but my account only has VIP."

Because she usually shares her account with her family, Yue Lin has almost never paid attention to the charging of related services before. "Besides, I seldom watch TV dramas on video websites, and most of them are short videos and free videos in bilibili.". Lin Yue only knew when she asked, the current video VIP service is so crazy. "What a breakup can watch, what a TV can watch, and what a screen can watch is all-round money. Then I might as well wait to watch those free CUT and live videos. Anyway, this time "Singer 2024" is not out of the circle because of how beautiful the song stage itself is. "

In fact, in order to watch the follow-up, netizens collectively dispatched and found many channels for free live broadcast resources. In Little Red Book, some bloggers posted strategies, such as "You can see if the points on the apps operated by various communication companies are enough to redeem Mango VIP", "Central Video APP and Learning Power APP can watch Hunan Satellite TV live broadcast for free" and "Anyone who doesn’t have Mango members can give me YouTube, with music single exclusive version and live version (with advertisements) free of charge" and so on.

And all this, it is difficult to separate it from the changes in the membership rights of Mango TV. Previously, with the launch of Mango TV’s SVIP service, there were many complaints from the voice of users: "Why do you still have to open SVIP?" "Is your full-screen member not worthy to be SVIP?" "My full-screen members can’t watch SVIP, and now one more function than ordinary VIP is TV playing, which is still the most expensive" …

It is worth noting that some users who want to go to the scene to "eat melons" found that the registration interface of the movie-watching activities of Singer 2024 also graded the members: the offline interactive rights and interests of Mango TV members include "register immediately (V1+)" and "SVIP registration", and stated that the latter is "more likely". In this regard, some netizens have commented, "Of course, we must find ways to make money. This kind of heat is not something you want."

The coverage of "VVIP" is wider than expected.

In fact, just recently, the well-known office software WPS also caused a lot of users’ dissatisfaction because of the "doll-style" charging problem.

According to China Voice "News Horizon" of China Central Radio and Television General Station, members, svip, svip Pro, AI members, big members … Many netizens reported that WPS, the Jinshan office software, had some problems such as arbitrarily modifying the membership level and "doll-like" fees, and some users said that the WPS membership structure was complex, and its members’ "routines" were suspected of infringing consumers’ right to know and choose.

Zinc Scale understands that the cause of this incident is the AI function launched by WPS, which limits the use of this function by the svip Pro that I purchased before. If I want to continue to use this new function, I must pay separately to become an AI member or a big member.

In response to the user’s question that "it is necessary to charge separately for launching a function", the relevant person in charge of WPS said: "It is a kind of welfare for member users to use AI function before, and now the welfare period has arrived. In March 2024, WPS AI began to be commercialized, with a relatively large investment. As a brand-new membership service, WPAI members are still in the gray scale test and belong to the paid upgrade option. Users can choose by themselves. If they choose not to upgrade, the original membership rights will not be affected. "

In addition, the market is full of more services that consumers have identified as "doll-style" charges. After searching for black cat complaints, zinc scale found that there are "VVIP problems" in many industry categories, such as fitness, making friends and audio.

For example, a consumer who complained about the dating APP "Love of Ivy League" said, "After opening a member, you have to rush gold coins again to send a small note, and members can only send one a day"; A user who complained about the fitness APP "Tough Guy Fitness" wrote, "I originally wanted to buy a personal customization plan. As a result, I had to pay 168 yuan before logging in. I also marked 7 yuan every month, and it was a very small month in 168/24. I thought that this was personal customization. After I paid it, I found that it was a member’s money, and I had to pay for personal customization." Another consumer who complained about the audio APP "Himalaya" said, "In the past, members could listen to it, but now they have to pay separately for members and children members, so they can’t be universal" …

After combing, consumers’ dissatisfaction with the "doll-style" charging model is mainly concentrated in the following four aspects:

One is that the charging system is too complicated. Some softwares provide a wide range of membership types with different functions and validity periods, which makes it difficult for consumers to understand and choose the membership service that suits them. This complexity increases the difficulty of consumers’ decision-making, and sometimes they even make wrong consumption decisions because they don’t know the specific service content.

Secondly, the functions are duplicated and crossed. There are overlapping functions between different levels of membership services, which makes it difficult for consumers to judge which member is most suitable for them, and may also lead to waste of resources;

Third, there will be additional costs. When consumers want to get a specific function, the platform may ask them to pay extra fees, which is regarded as a "doll" charging model, which makes consumers feel cheated;

The fourth is the change of membership level and rights and interests. Some platform parties may change the membership level and rights at will, especially cancel the promised functions and ask consumers to pay again, which undermines consumers’ trust in the platform.

To put it more bluntly, what makes consumers dissatisfied is not the membership service purchased for the convenience of using software functions, but the fact that they don’t want to be bypassed by all kinds of fancy and endless membership types and functions, and spend more money.

Clear rules, lightning protection consumption "trap" from the source

With the WPS "doll-style" charging incident being exposed in a large number during this period, rectifying similar consumption "traps" has also attracted widespread attention and attention inside and outside the industry.

Chen Yinjiang, Deputy Secretary-General of china law society Consumer Protection Law Research Association, said: "Once consumers buy, they can’t arbitrarily change the membership fees, reduce the service quality or reduce the service items. I think these behaviors are all breach of contract. It should really attract the attention of relevant enterprises. We must remind consumers of some information in the charging standards that is of great interest to consumers in a significant way, so that consumers can fully know the content and charging standards of membership services and protect consumers’ right to know and choose. "

In fact, there are many legal systems in China that provide protection for consumers’ right to fair trade and independent choice. For example, according to the Consumer Protection Law, operators "may not use standard terms and use technical means to force transactions". The price law clearly points out that operators "shall not use false or misleading price means to trick consumers or other operators into trading with them".

It is noteworthy that the State Administration of Radio and Television recently announced the complaint channels for controlling the charging and complicated operation of TV "Taowa". That is to say, the State Administration of Radio and Television has carried out special rectification, in order to standardize the "pay TV" system and strengthen the regulatory review according to law for the legal compliance of opening members and collecting fees.

The announcement mentioned that "with the strong support of the broad masses of the people and relevant departments, the State Administration of Radio and Television has actively solved the problems of’ watching TV is difficult and annoying’ and has made progress in stages. In order to better listen to the opinions and suggestions of the people, and further consolidate and improve the results of the work of managing TV’ Taowa’ fees and complicated operations, the State Administration of Radio and Television announced the complaint channels for users of’ double governance’. "

Of course, the "VVIP problem" not only depends on the strong supervision of laws and regulations, but also belongs to the platform itself that provides member charging services. Although the "doll-style" charging can bring a lot of benefits to the platform in the short term, "harvesting" consumers in this way is more likely to damage the reputation and credibility of the platform in the long run, and will also reduce the trust and satisfaction of users, which will eventually lead consumers to vote with their feet and choose to abandon. For the platform side, it should take action to balance short-term interests and long-term development.

As far as the result is concerned, although the platform party has the right to set its own price, what they should at least do is to ensure that all charging items are open and transparent, and consumers can clearly know which services they are paying for; Ensure that the services provided match the fees charged, and avoid overcharging or hidden fees; Provide users with detailed information about services to help them understand the value and necessity of various services; Set reasonable charging standards to avoid frequent changes, so as to avoid confusion or dissatisfaction among consumers; Actively listen to users’ opinions and suggestions, and adjust the charging strategy in time to meet users’ needs.

After all, only by delineating the boundaries of services first can the charges become fairer and more transparent.

Biden announced more than 500 new sanctions against Russia.

According to a number of foreign media reports, according to the news released by the White House website on February 23, US President Biden announced in a statement on the same day that more than 500 new sanctions were imposed on Russia in response to the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and the death of Russian opposition figure Navalny.

It is reported that the sanctions are mainly aimed at Mill payment system, Russian financial institutions and their military industrial bases, as well as future energy production and other fields. According to the US Treasury Department, this is the "largest sanctions action" by the United States against Russia since Russia launched a special military operation against Ukraine on February 24, 2022.

The European Union and Britain have also joined the new round of sanctions against Russia. Acting Deputy Secretary of State victoria nuland declared that the new sanctions imposed on Russia by the United States and the European Union would be "devastating" and would create obstacles for Russia to evade the existing sanctions.

Being abused by Biden, Putin responded with ridicule.

In response to the swearing abuse by US President Biden, Russian President Vladimir Putin responded to reporters: "This shows that Biden is more suitable to be the president of the United States."

It is reported that Biden made rude remarks to Putin at a fund-raising event in San Francisco on the 21st local time, saying that "there are’ crazy bastards’ like Putin in the world, so that we always have to worry about nuclear conflicts".

Reuters said that on 22nd, when asked about Biden’s rude remarks by Russian state television, Putin first smiled sarcastically, bit his lip, and then looked at the ground. Later, Putin said with a smile: "When we talked not long ago, you asked me who we would prefer to be the future president of the United States for Russia. I said that we are ready to cooperate with any American president. But I think Biden is a more suitable American president for Russia. Judging from his remarks now, I think this is absolutely correct. "

The fake video of "Yin Xiyue’s Confession" went viral on social media.

A number of Korean media reported on the 23rd that a fake video about "South Korean President Yin Xiyue sincerely repents" recently went viral on Facebook, Instagram and other social media. The video showed that "Yin Xiyue" said that he was "addicted to the idea of breaking away from common sense, which ruined the Republic of Korea and made the people suffer".

In this regard, after the police proposed, the Korea Broadcasting and Communication Review Committee decided to ask social media to delete this video. Kim Soo-kyung, spokesman of the South Korean President’s Office, said on the 23rd that the South Korean President’s Office plans to take a tough approach to such false videos in the future.

The US judge ruled that Trump was fined $454 million for civil fraud.

On February 23, local time, US judge Arthur Ngoron formally ruled that former US President Trump was fined $454 million for civil fraud, including a fine of $355 million and interest of nearly $100 million. According to reports, Trump has one month to pay the fine and appeal the verdict.

On February 16th, a judge in New York State ruled on Trump’s civil fraud case. Because Trump exaggerated his net worth by billions of dollars, which constituted a serious fraud, the judge ruled that Trump should be fined more than 350 million dollars, permanently banned from entering the real estate industry in new york, and greatly restricted his ability to conduct business in the state. In addition, the judge also ruled that Trump’s two sons, Donald Trump Jr and Eric Trump, should be banned for five years.

American private enterprise develops spacecraft to land on the moon for the first time.

According to CNN, the lunar lander "Odysseus" developed by American Intuition Machine Company landed on the moon on the 22nd local time.

Reuters said that the lander developed by Intuition Machine landed near the south pole of the moon on 22nd, which was the first American spacecraft to land on the moon since the Apollo 17 mission in 1972, and also the first time in history that it was completely realized by the private sector.

Foundation stone laying for 10,000 residential buildings in Pyongyang, North Korea.

According to Korean Central News Agency’s report on February 24th, the foundation laying ceremony for the third phase of 10,000 residential construction projects in Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea, in 2024 was held in Hesheng district on the 23rd. Kim Jong-un, General Secretary of the Workers’ Party of Korea and State Councilor, attended the groundbreaking ceremony.

At the ceremony, Kim Jong-un pressed the blasting button and announced the start of the construction of 10,000 residential units in the third phase of Hesheng area.

Nearly 100 employees of two major airlines in Japan cheated in the exam.

According to Japanese media reports, Japan’s two major airlines, All Nippon Airways and Japan Airlines, recently admitted that nearly 100 employees of their subsidiaries cheated in the airport driving qualification examination.

According to reports, ANA announced on the 20th that during the period from August 2022 to February 2024, a total of 82 employees of its two subsidiaries cheated in online exams, and were suspected of reading textbooks during the answering process. ANA Holdings said: "We apologize for the violation of safety rules. We will work hard to prevent such incidents from happening again and restore trust. "

On the same day, JAL also issued a statement saying that 16 employees of its two subsidiaries were suspected of cheating in the same exam and referred to textbooks during the answering process. The company has confiscated the driver’s license of the person involved and handed it over to the authorities, and stopped the online examination.

Social platform "X" deletes accounts and posts related to Indian farmers’ protests.

According to Agence France-Presse, after four consecutive rounds of talks failed to achieve satisfactory results, Indian farmers resumed their "March into New Delhi" protests on the 21st. Police fired tear gas at the demonstrative farmers in the border areas, and there were also a large number of roadblocks along the expressway.

According to media reports, the social platform "X" (formerly Twitter) said that according to the order of the Indian government, it had deleted some accounts and posts related to this peasant protest. "X" did not provide relevant details, but said it disagreed with the Indian government’s behavior.

Indian journalist Mohammad zubair said that "many influential X accounts" of journalists, influential people and trade union members who reported on Indian farmers’ protests have been "closed". "The Indian government has issued an executive order requiring’ X’ to take action on specific accounts and posts, otherwise it will face penalties including huge fines and imprisonment." The official account of the "X" global government affairs team issued a document saying.

Harmful substances in the wells around the US military ammunition depot in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan exceeded the standard.

According to an overseas network report on the 23rd, East Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan announced the survey results on the 21st, saying that the content of organic fluorine compounds (PFAS) exceeded the standard in 12 wells near the U.S. military ammunition depot in Kawakami.

According to the report, the value of one of the 12 wells exceeds the standard value by 300 times. Some wells have been used as drinking water for surrounding residents, and they have been banned from drinking since mid-January. A committee composed of experts and scholars has been set up in East Hiroshima recently, and it is scheduled to start investigating whether the surrounding rivers are polluted next week.

A middle school student in the United States was dissatisfied with the school’s request to cut his hair short and took the governor and the state attorney general to court.

According to a number of American media reports, an 18-year-old middle school student in Texas, USA, was dissatisfied with the school’s request that he must cut his hair short, and not only took the school to court, but also the governor of Texas and the state attorney general, saying that he had been illegally persecuted by them.

According to American media reports, the middle school student sued the school and the government on the basis of an anti-hair discrimination bill that came into effect in Texas last September. The English name is CROWN Act. The law requires local schools, employers and other institutions not to discriminate against those who have hair styles with national and cultural characteristics, such as some common hair styles of black Americans.

However, on Thursday, local time, the judge who heard the case of students suing the school ruled that the school won the case, on the grounds that although the laws of Texas protect national characteristic hairstyles from discrimination, there is no provision in the law to protect the length of hair, so the judge can only decide the case according to law and cannot invent anything that is not in the law, otherwise it will overstep the functions of the legislature.

(Yangcheng Evening News Yangcheng School Comprehensive CCTV News, World Wide Web, The Paper, Zhongxin.com, Reference News Network, vision china, Overseas Network, etc.)

Full text10074Words, reading takes abouttwentyminute

Macro Team of Wencaixin Research Institute

Wu Chaoming and Hu Wenyan　

Core view　

How will the domestic interest rate, especially the yield of ten-year treasury bonds, be interpreted in the future? The market has little disagreement on the medium and long-term trend. Most people think that the interest rate will follow the shift of GDP, especially the nominal GDP growth rate, and show an overall downward trend. However, the market has great differences and different judgments on the short-term trend in the next few quarters.

1. China’s interest rate analysis framework: fundamental factors such as economic growth and inflation dominate the direction of interest rate change, while other factors such as financial supervision policies and exchange rates affect the fluctuation range of interest rates.One isIn the medium and long term, the yield trend of domestic ten-year government bonds is basically consistent with the growth rate of nominal GDP and the running trend of inventory cycle, indicating that the trend of domestic interest rates is mainly dominated by fundamental factors such as economic growth and prices.The second isAfter the international financial crisis in 2008, the goal of financial stability has also become an important factor affecting interest rates. In the cycle of stable economic growth, especially economic recovery, strict supervision and the policy tendency of reducing leverage will lead to a significant increase in market interest rates.The third isInterest rates will also be affected by exchange rates, supply and demand of funds and other factors. For example, the continuous interest rate hike by the Federal Reserve will restrict the domestic monetary easing space, and the demand for funds exceeding supply will also raise the level of interest rate centers.

Second, the trend of domestic interest rates in the next few quarters: it is expected that the fluctuation will bottom out first, and then the probability of recovery will be too high.

First, from the perspective of interest rate analysis framework, the yield of 10-year government bonds may bottom out first and then rise.First,The probability of weak economic recovery in the second half of the year is too high, which determines that it is difficult for interest rates to rise sharply in the short term, or to bottom out first, but after the economy is confirmed to stabilize and rise, interest rates will tend to rise;Secondly,Affected by factors such as the resonant upward trend of pig grain price, high oil price, recovery of consumer demand and abundant liquidity, it is expected that CPI will continue to fluctuate around or even above 3% from the second half of this year to the first half of next year, which will support the upward trend of interest rates;Third,The continuous upside-down spread between China and the United States and the transformation from a wide currency to a wide credit will also increase the upward pressure on domestic interest rates.

Second, from a quantitative point of view, the current yield of ten-year government bonds is lower than the desired interest rate, and it is only a matter of time before it gradually converges upward in the future.

Third, based on the historical experience in 2012 and 2019, the interest rate cut on the eve of economic recovery will help the interest rate to decline slightly in the short term. However, if there is no unexpected impact, after the interest rate cut boots land and the economic confirmation stabilizes, the interest rate will enter the recovery channel.In July this year, the domestic economy recovered weakly, which led the central bank to cut interest rates unexpectedly in August. If the real estate recovery continues to fall short of expectations, the possibility of cutting interest rates again will not be ruled out. However, with the steady growth policy taking effect, the probability of China’s credit demand bottoming out and economic recovery improving in the future is increasing, and the trend of interest rate bottoming out in the next few quarters is more clear.

Risk warning:Real estate recovery continued to fall short of expectations, and the overseas economy went down more than expected.

main body

Since the beginning of this year, the domestic market interest rate has experienced two obvious downturns: First, in April-May, 2022, in the face of the severe impact on the economy brought by the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the rebound of the epidemic, the central bank greatly increased the liquidity supply to boost the demand for entity financing and support the economic recovery as soon as possible. The domestic short-term market interest rate DR007 dropped from about 2.1% in the first quarter to around 1.5%, which was about 60BP lower than the policy interest rate in the same period (see Figure 1). Second, from July to August, due to the unexpected economic recovery, especially the overall weakening of financial and economic data in July, and the prominent problem of insufficient effective social demand, the central bank unexpectedly cut interest rates in mid-August, pushing the interest rate of DR007 down from about 1.9% at the end of June to the historical low of 1.3% during the outbreak of the epidemic in 2020, and the yield of 10-year government bonds also broke through the low point in the same period to further open up the downside (see Figure 1-2).

Looking forward to the future, the market has little difference on the medium and long-term trend, and most people think that the interest rate will follow the shift of GDP, especially the nominal GDP growth rate, showing an overall downward trend, but the market has great differences and different judgments on the trend in the next few quarters. Therefore, based on the interest rate analysis framework and quantitative analysis, this paper studies the trend of domestic interest rates in the next few quarters.

First, China’s interest rate analysis framework

(1) The interest rate level is mainly dominated by fundamental factors such as economic growth and prices.

According to the People’s Bank Law, the ultimate goal of China’s monetary policy is to "maintain the stability of the currency and promote economic growth". As a big country economy, China’s monetary policy is dominated by me. Interest rate is one of the key tools to achieve the goal of monetary policy, so the formulation of domestic interest rate policy and the trend of interest rate level mainly depend on economic fundamental factors such as economic growth and prices in the medium and long term.

First, the trend of domestic interest rate is basically consistent with the growth rate of nominal GDP and the running trend of inventory cycle.Inventory cycle describes the periodic change of enterprise inventory for about 40 months, which can be used to help judge the strength of economic growth because of its strong correlation with nominal economic growth (see Figure 3). Since 2003, China has experienced a total of five complete inventory cycles, and is currently in the sixth cycle of the inventory cycle (see Figure 4). Generally speaking, the upward cycle of inventory often corresponds to the recovery stage of interest rate, that is, the bear market in the bond market, and vice versa. However, it is worth noting that the peak and trough of interest rate and inventory cycle are only similar at the time point, but not completely consistent. In most cases, interest rate is slightly ahead of the latter to peak or bottom. On the one hand, this stems from the fact that the growth rate of inventory lags behind the economic growth slightly (see Figure 3), and on the other hand, it is also related to the interest rate being affected by other factors such as investors’ expectations. In addition, there is no fixed proportional relationship between interest rate fluctuation range and inventory fluctuation range, and they only have the same trend, indicating that economic growth is not the only factor determining interest rate.

Second, there is a strong correlation between interest rate trend and inflation gap in history, but the correlation tends to weaken in recent years.In order to stabilize inflation and its expectation, China will put forward this year’s CPI growth target in the government work report every year. If the price deviates far from the above target value, monetary policy will take effective measures to promote the price to return to the target center. From the practical experience, before 2013, the yield of domestic ten-year government bonds and the inflation gap (CPI growth rate-government target growth rate) basically changed synchronously, and the correlation between them was very strong (see Figure 5). However, after 2013, due to the obvious reduction of domestic CPI fluctuation, the inflation gap basically fluctuated around 0, the monetary policy was weakened by price constraints, and the correlation between the inflation gap and the yield of 10-year government bonds was also obviously weakened. If we consider the relationship between the comprehensive inflation index weighted by CPI and PPI and the yield of 10-year treasury bonds, the correlation between the two has also weakened after 2013, and the peaks and valleys of the two are close at the time point but no longer completely consistent (see Figure 6). On the whole, when the inflationary pressure is high, the interest rate is more constrained by the price, which is more consistent with the price trend, and vice versa, which shows that inflation is one of the important factors in determining the interest rate.

(B) After the international financial crisis in 2008, financial stability has also become an important factor affecting interest rates.

After the financial crisis in 2008, the major central banks in the world learned the lesson that monetary policy only focused on inflation targets and paid insufficient attention to financial stability, and began to focus on improving the financial regulatory framework and strengthening macro-prudential management, and their attention to financial stability targets increased significantly. In terms of macro-prudential management framework construction, the Bank of China is at the forefront of global central banks, and further accelerates the improvement of the dual-pillar regulatory framework of monetary policy and macro-prudential policy after the crisis. Among them, the former focuses on maintaining economic and price stability, while the latter focuses on maintaining financial stability. Under the background of resolving financial risks and maintaining the stability of macro leverage ratio, financial regulatory policies have also become an important factor affecting the level of domestic interest rates. During the period of steady economic growth, especially during the economic recovery cycle, strict supervision and the policy tendency of reducing leverage will lead the market interest rate to rise. For example, in 2013-2014 and 2016-2018, two rounds of domestic interest rates went up, and the tightening of financial supervision was one of the main reasons.

First, the above two rounds of interest rate hikes are in the rising stage of inventory cycle and nominal GDP growth rate (see Figure 4), indicating that economic stabilization and recovery is an important prerequisite for interest rate hikes.However, if we look at the constant price GDP growth rate and CPI growth rate indicators, they have basically changed little during the period (see Figure 7), reflecting that there is no overheating risk in the economy, and fundamental factors are not enough to support a sharp rise in interest rates. The central bank’s working paper "Natural Interest Rate in China" has also reached a similar conclusion, that is, except for a slight decline around 2015, the domestic output gap in 2012-2019 is close to zero (see Figure 8), indicating that the economic operation is generally stable.

Second, the rapid rise of interest rates in mid-2013 and the end of 2016 is closely related to the shift of monetary policy to deleveraging to prevent risks and the tightening of regulatory policies.During the above two rounds of interest rate hikes, the growth rate of leverage ratio in the financial sector declined (see Figure 9). Among them, in 2013, in order to strictly control banks’ off-balance-sheet loans (such as trust loans) to promote the disorderly expansion of non-standard assets (see Figure 10), and to prevent the rapid growth of interbank business from idling funds within the financial system and increasing the risk of maturity mismatch, the regulatory authorities issued a series of regulatory measures, such as the Notice on Regulating the Investment Operation of Commercial Banks’ wealth management business (referred to as Circular No.8), which forced financial institutions to strengthen liquidity management and added a "default door" for a bank. In 2016, as the economy entered a new round of upward channel, and there were many problems of leverage and capital idling in the financial market, the primary goal of domestic monetary policy gradually shifted from steady growth to risk prevention. At the same time, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China took preventing and resolving major risks as the first of the three tough battles. In October 2016, the Politburo meeting clearly put forward "focusing on curbing asset bubbles and preventing economic and financial risks". In November 2017, new regulations on asset management were introduced, which started the domestic financial deleveraging campaign, and the leverage ratio growth rate of financial institutions increased from 20 in early 2016.

Looking back at the above two rounds of interest rate upward cycles, it is inseparable from the tightening of financial supervision policies. The deep-seated reason behind it is that when the economy is under great downward pressure, the central bank will often implement a loose policy of "releasing water to raise fish" to stimulate the economic recovery. At that time, the market liquidity is abundant but the return of the real economy is low, and the phenomenon of "asset shortage" is prominent, resulting in excess funds speculating on various virtual assets, chasing high-term spread assets, amplifying financial leverage and pushing up financial risks. However, when the economy starts to stabilize and rebound, the regulatory authorities will take the initiative to tighten monetary policy, resolve the risks bred in the early stage and reduce the policy sequelae, thus pushing interest rates upward. Therefore, the interest rate recovery is often in the period after the growth rate of social financing has recovered for a period of time or at the stage of bottoming out, that is, after the economy has stabilized and recovered, the convergence of liquidity at this time will also lead to the bottoming out of credit spreads (see Figure 11).

(3) The interest rate level will also be affected by other factors such as exchange rate, capital supply and demand.

First, monetary policy should not only achieve internal balance, but also take into account external balance, especially with the continuous improvement of China’s capital market opening level, it is necessary to maintain the basic stability of the RMB exchange rate at a reasonable and balanced level, so exchange rate factors have certain constraints on the central bank’s interest rate policy, although this constraint tends to weaken with the increase of exchange rate flexibility.According to "impossible trinity" theory, monetary policy must give up some independence when allowing capital to flow freely and keeping the exchange rate relatively stable. For example, when the Fed enters the interest rate hike cycle, the US dollar index strengthens, attracting international capital to return; If other economies do not follow the tightening of monetary policy, they will often face greater capital outflow and exchange rate depreciation pressure, thus aggravating the domestic capital market turmoil.

From the domestic practical experience, from 1989 to 2019, the Federal Reserve started four interest rate hike cycles, in which the domestic interest rate increased in different degrees three times, and only in 1999-2000 did China keep the interest rate unchanged (see Figure 12).The main reason why the interest rate did not move was that the GDP growth rate dropped from 9.1% in the fourth quarter of 1989 to 6.7% in the fourth quarter of 1999, and the sharp economic downturn did not support monetary tightening. In 2022, the Federal Reserve started the interest rate hike cycle again, and the domestic monetary policy was "I-oriented", which lowered interest rates, partly due to the increase in exchange rate flexibility, which improved the flexibility and operational space of monetary policy, but this did not mean that domestic monetary policy was not affected and constrained by the Fed’s interest rate hike.

Second, the supply and demand of funds will have an impact on the short-term fluctuation of interest rates.If the money supply and social financing scale represent the macro-level social capital supply and demand respectively, then the difference between the growth rate of social financing and money supply indicates the relative change of capital demand and supply. The bigger the difference, the more the demand for funds exceeds the supply, the more obvious the tension of funds in the market, and the more the interest rate of funds will rise, and vice versa. Empirical data does confirm this point. Since 2015, the difference (social financing growth rate -M2 growth rate) and the yield of 10-year government bonds have fluctuated obviously and have a high correlation (see Figure 13).

An interesting phenomenon is that since 2011, the 10-year bond yield has a high linkage with social financing, but the correlation with the change of money supply has obviously decreased (see Figure 14).Theoretically speaking, the growth rate of M2 should be inversely related to the interest rate, but this relationship is obviously weakened after 2011. The main reasons behind this are as follows: On the one hand, with the acceleration of domestic interest rate marketization, coupled with the rapid development of financial innovation and disintermediation, China’s monetary control mode is gradually shifting from monetary quantity control to price control, which leads to the weakening of the correlation between money supply and economic growth and interest rate level; On the other hand, the money supply M2 reflects more how strong the countercyclical policy is than the growth of the real economy. Different from M2, the yield of 10-year treasury bonds is consistent with the growth rate of social financing, which reflects that the domestic interest rate depends more on the financing demand of the real economy, and the financing demand is behind the growth of the real economy, especially the strong and weak changes of domestic demand. In the final analysis, economic growth is still the decisive force leading the trend of medium and long-term interest rates.

(4) Summary

To sum up, the domestic interest rate level is determined by the multiple objectives of monetary policy, but the core factors that affect our interest rate level at present are still economic growth and inflation, and with the obvious slowdown of domestic price fluctuations in recent years, the former plays a leading role in determining the direction of interest rate changes. In addition, factors such as financial stability and exchange rate can not dominate the direction of interest rate changes, but will strengthen the trend of interest rate changes and increase its fluctuation range. When the economy is in the recovery channel, financial risk prevention and other goals will push interest rates up; When the economy is in a downward cycle, financial risk prevention, exchange rate stability and other goals need to make way for economic growth, and interest rates generally fluctuate and fall.

Second, the short-term trend of domestic interest rates: first, the fluctuation bottomed out, and then the probability of recovery was too high.

(A) Based on the interest rate analysis framework: the yield of 10-year treasury bonds may bottom out first and then rise.

1. The probability of weak economic recovery in the second half of the year is too high, which makes it difficult for interest rates to rise sharply in the short term.

Whether the PPI price index has dropped first or the current replenishment time has reached the highest level in history, it is a high probability event for China to enter a new round of destocking cycle in the future (see Figure 15). What needs to be pointed out here is that since 2021, the growth rate of domestic inventory has been greatly deviated from the growth rate of GDP and the trend of interest rate level, that is, while enterprises replenish inventory, the economic growth rate has dropped rapidly and sharply, and the interest rate has also dropped (see Figure 16). The reason is that the macro-and micro-policies have been tightened simultaneously in 2021, which has led to the rapid and substantial reduction of the leverage ratio of entities (see Figure 17). Coupled with the epidemic disturbance this year, demand has shrunk rapidly and inventory has been passively improved. Therefore, to judge the future trend of economy and interest rate, we need to comprehensively consider many factors such as inventory cycle, epidemic situation and counter-cyclical policy, and we can’t just observe one indicator of inventory cycle.

It is expected that the probability of weak economic fundamentals in the second half of the year is too high, which makes it difficult for interest rates to rise sharply.First, with the marginal alleviation of the short-term impact of the epidemic, the recovery of people flow and logistics, and the slight stabilization and recovery of the growth rate of social integration, the leading indicator of the economy (see Figure 18-19), the marginal recovery of the domestic economic growth rate in the second half of the year can be expected from the "deep pit" of 0.4% (constant price) in the second quarter. Second, the inventory cycle has entered a new round of decline channel, which will inevitably restrict the economic recovery. Third, although the growth rate of domestic social integration has stabilized and rebounded, the structure mainly relies on the financial front, and the credit growth rate is still falling, reflecting that the problem of insufficient effective social demand is severe and the economic recovery should not be overestimated. Looking at the extended cycle, China’s credit growth has been difficult in recent years, mainly due to the weakening trend of infrastructure and real estate, which used to have a large credit demand (see Figure 20), while the demand for other loans with relatively small volume is difficult to make up for the credit demand gap, which leads to the decline or normalization of China’s credit growth rate during the shift of new and old kinetic energy, which also means that the mode of stimulating economic growth by financial expansion is unsustainable, and it is necessary to cultivate new kinetic energy and new social purchasing power, create new credit demand, and smoothly spend the shift of growth rate.

2. Short-term inflationary pressure rises, which supports the upward trend of interest rates.

According to historical experience, when the domestic prices of pigs, oil and grain rise in resonance, the inflationary pressure tends to be greater (continuously exceeding the inflation target of 3%). On the contrary, if the prices of pigs and oil hedge each other and the food price is moderate, the inflation risk is relatively small and the time for the price to continue to rise is relatively short (see Figure 21).

Looking into the future, influenced by factors such as the resonant upward trend of pig food prices, the high oil prices, the recovery of consumer demand and abundant liquidity, it is expected that CPI will continue to fluctuate around 3% or even above 3% from the second half of this year to the first half of next year, which will support the upward trend of interest rates.

First, a new round of "pig cycle" has been launched, and this round of pig price increase is second only to the African swine fever period in 2019.Historical experience shows that each round of "pig cycle" in China lasts about four years, and the first 1.5-2 years are the upward period of prices. In April this year, the domestic pork price went down to the stage low point, which is about four years from the starting point of the last cycle. Since May, the pig price has continued to rise, indicating that a new round of "pig cycle" has started, and it may usher in an upward period of more than one year in the future. Judging from the increase of this round of pig cycle, due to the weak demand recovery and the slow speed of supply, it is expected that the increase of pig price in this round will hardly exceed that of African swine fever in 2019. However, at the end of July, the average price of pork in 22 provinces and cities has risen to 29 yuan/kg, and extreme weather may have a certain negative impact on the supply of pigs. In the future, the pig price will probably continue to rise moderately (see Figure 22), and the increase is expected to exceed several rounds of pig cycles that began in 2006, 2010 and 2014.

Second, the rise of international food prices is superimposed on extreme weather, and the risk of food price fluctuation in China may increase in the future.Benefiting from the low dependence of China’s three staple foods on foreign countries and sufficient domestic stocks, the increase in international food prices in the first half of the year has relatively little impact on China, which mainly drives domestic CPI through cost channels. However, two factors may increase the risk of food price fluctuation in China in the future. First, the negative impact of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict on global food prices, such as reduced grain production, rising grain production costs and slowing food trade, has yet to be revealed. In addition, the rise of food protectionism (the number of countries that issued food export bans in 2022 was as high as 24, second only to the 28 in 2008 food crisis), it is hard to say that the warning of future global food crisis has been lifted. Second, the impact of extreme weather on the global and China’s food prices may have increased: on the one hand, according to the statistics of the United States Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, July this year was the second hottest July in the world since statistics were available in 1880, and China also ushered in the hottest summer since statistics were available in 1961. It is expected that the negative impact of high temperature and dry weather on food production will gradually emerge; On the other hand, the US Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration predicts that there is a 60% probability that La Nina will continue from December 2022 to February 2023, which means that a rare "triple" La Nina climate event may occur this year, and the world will face the test of cold winter, or further push up the global and Chinese food prices (see Figure 23-24).

Third, international oil prices may continue to fluctuate at a high position, and China’s imported inflationary pressure still exists.For example, geopolitical conflicts and global energy transformation will restrict the improvement of this round of crude oil supply, and the cold winter weather is expected to partially hedge the impact of the decline in crude oil demand brought about by the global economic downturn. It is expected that oil prices will fluctuate at a high position in a high probability during the year.

Fourth, abundant domestic liquidity and improved consumer demand will also support the rise of CPI center. On the one hand,Economic recovery after the epidemic is conducive to reducing the unemployment rate and increasing residents’ income, thus boosting residents’ consumption ability and willingness. In addition, after the epidemic is controlled, the consumption scene has improved, and residents have accumulated rich savings in the early stage (see Figure 25), which has accumulated energy for future consumption demand recovery.On the other hand,Since the second half of last year, the domestic money supply has been loose, and the growth rate of M2 has increased from a low of 8.2% in August last year to 12% in July this year, which is much higher than the nominal GDP growth rate, setting a new high since the outbreak, and will also support the rise of CPI center.

3. The continuous upside-down spread between China and the United States and the transformation of wide currency into wide credit will also increase the upward pressure on interest rates.

First, the spread between China and the United States may remain upside down for a long time, which will increase the upward pressure on interest rates through exchange rate channels.Affected by high inflation, the Fed has raised interest rates four times during the year, raising the target interest rate of the federal funds from 0-0.25% to 2.25-2.5% (see Figure 26), and the Fed is still on the way to continue raising interest rates during the year. During the same period, the pressure of steady growth of domestic economy was great, and interest rates were cut twice during the year. The dislocation of financial cycles between China and the United States deepened, and the yields of 10-year government bonds of the two countries continued to be upside down. This trend will continue in the short term. According to historical experience, the falling or even upside-down spread between China and the United States will increase the depreciation of the RMB exchange rate and the pressure of capital outflow (see Figure 27). In order to take into account the external balance, domestic monetary policy easing will be restrained to some extent.

Second, with the transformation from a wide currency to a wide credit, it will also restrict the downside of interest rates.Since the beginning of this year, domestic real estate-related credit has shrunk sharply, and the proportion of new real estate loans to all new credit has turned negative in the second quarter (see Figure 28), indicating that the repayment scale of residents and housing enterprises has exceeded the amount of real estate loans lent by banks. Affected by this, the transmission of domestic wide money to wide credit has been impeded. In July, the difference between the growth rate of social financing and the growth rate of M2 hit a new low since statistics were available (see Figure 14). However, in the future, the positive factors have increased significantly. For example, after the 5-year LPR interest rate was lowered by 15BP again on August 22, the domestic personal housing loan interest rate may have been lower than the 2016 low, only slightly higher than that after the 2008 financial crisis. Generally speaking, the mortgage interest rate is about 6 months ahead of the growth rate of real estate loans. Since the beginning of this year, the domestic mortgage interest rate has continued to fall rapidly, which indicates that the growth rate of real estate loans is expected to gradually stabilize and pick up in the future (see Figure 29). With the gradual recovery of real estate credit from a very low position and the continuous efforts of "one city, one policy", the transformation from wide currency to wide credit is expected to accelerate, which will restrict the downward space of interest rates in the future.

To sum up, the economic recovery is weak and the regulatory policies are difficult to tighten, but the inflationary pressure is increasing, the spread between China and the United States continues to be upside down, and the wide currency is transformed into wide credit. It is expected that the interest rate will have limited room for further decline in the current position. In the next few quarters, the domestic 10-year national debt income will be the first to oscillate and bottom out, and the probability of rising later is too high.

(B) Based on quantitative analysis: the current yield of 10-year treasury bonds is lower than the desired interest rate, and the high probability gradually converges upward.

In the medium and long term, the market interest rate should be equivalent to the desirable interest rate level that can not only ensure the economic operation at the potential output level, but also achieve the goals of price stability, full employment and financial stability. In this paper, the general Taylor rule method is used to measure the desirable interest rate level in China, and it is compared with the market interest rate to see whether there is overshoot at present, and thus to judge the future market interest rate trend.

According to Taylor rule, the interest rate level is mainly determined by inflation gap and output gap. With the diversification of the central bank’s monetary policy objectives and the development of financial markets, we add exchange rate and social financing scale factors to the basic Taylor rule to fit and measure the current acceptable level of China’s 10-year national debt yield. Taylor’s rule regression equation shows that the current yield level of ten-year treasury bonds is obviously lower than the desired interest rate level (see Figure 30), which means that the interest rate level is lower than the desired interest rate level that matches the current economic growth, prices, exchange rate and liquidity. According to past experience, when the interest rate gap (market interest rate-desirable interest rate) falls below -0.4%, the probability of market interest rate converging upward to desirable interest rate is greater, and it is only a matter of time before the market interest rate rises in the future.

(3) Based on historical experience: If there is no unexpected impact, the interest rate will fall first and then rise after the interest rate cut boots land.

No matter from the economic fundamentals or quantitative point of view, we all think that the interest rate will converge marginally in the future with a high probability, but the market is still skeptical about whether the interest rate will really go up. There is an important reason behind it, that is, the economic data in July was significantly less than expected, and after the loan suspension risk incident, the central bank unexpectedly lowered the policy interest rates of MLF and OMO on August 15, which rekindled the market’s expectation of starting a new round of interest rate reduction cycle in China.

Historical experience does show that after the central bank cuts interest rates continuously, the market interest rate will tend to decline in the short term, but it also shows that as long as the credit data improves and the economy gradually stabilizes after the interest rate cut, the yield of 10-year government bonds will open the recovery channel after the interest rate cut boots land. For example, in 2012 and 2019, there were unexpected interest rate cuts, but after that, interest rates rebounded with the improvement of the economy, rather than falling. Therefore, there is great uncertainty about whether to continue to cut interest rates after cutting interest rates, depending on the marginal changes in economic fundamentals.

1. In 2012, interest rates were cut twice in a row: the yield of ten-year government bonds only dropped by 14BP, and then the journey of recovery began.

After the second quarter of 2011, the domestic economy continued to slow down. However, because the CPI has been above 3%, the central bank is cautious in cutting interest rates, mainly by lowering the RRR to hedge the downward pressure on the economy (see Figure 31-32). Until mid-2012, with the CPI growth rate falling below 3%, coupled with the superimposed influence of the economic downturn, repeated wide credit (see Figure 33) and the further intensification of the European debt crisis caused by bank runs in overseas Greece, the central bank cut interest rates twice in June and July respectively (see Figure 32). After two interest rate cuts, the cumulative maximum downward rate of 10-year treasury bond yield is about 14BP. However, as the credit growth rate announced after the interest rate cut returned to the upward trend, the economy gradually confirmed its stabilization, and the yield of 10-year government bonds began to turn upside down, starting an upward cycle (see Figure 32-33).

2. Unexpected interest rate cut in 2019: The yield of ten-year government bonds fell by about 9BP, and the downside was reopened after the outbreak of the epidemic.

After the second half of 2018, the domestic economy continued to slow down, and the CPI growth rate was less than 3% in the same period (see Figure 34). In order to prevent financial risks, the central bank was more cautious about interest rate cuts, and also chose to lower the RRR first to hedge the downward pressure on the economy (4 RRR cuts in 2018 and 5 RRR cuts in 2019), which promoted the growth rate of domestic social integration and credit to continue to rise to March 2019. However, due to the escalation of trade friction and the occurrence of risk events such as Baoshang Bank, the domestic credit contraction pressure increased significantly in 2019, and the credit growth rate dropped again after the first quarter of the same year. At the same time, the PMI index was below 50% of threshold for six consecutive months, and the downward pressure on the economy increased (see Figure 35-36). Therefore, although the CPI growth rate broke through 3% from September to October in 2019 (the soaring pork price increased the structural inflationary pressure), after the PMI fell to 49.3% in October, hitting an eight-month low, the central bank cut the MLF interest rate by 5BP in early November (see Figure 35). After the interest rate cut, the yield of 10-year treasury bonds dropped by about 9BP, and then gradually stabilized. At the end of December, the COVID-19 outbreak broke out in China, which further reopened the downward space of interest rates (see Figure 35).

To sum up, during the economic downturn in 2012 and 2019, the central bank was cautious about cutting interest rates at first. However, due to some unexpected risk events, continuous credit contraction and sustained downward pressure on the economy, the central bank still took interest rate cuts at the end of the economic downturn, and the timing of interest rate cuts exceeded market expectations. Both rounds of interest rate cuts pushed interest rates down slightly in the short term, but in 2012, as the economy stabilized, interest rates quickly turned upward, and the outbreak of the epidemic in 2019 further opened up the downside of interest rates.

Similar to 2012 and 2019, in 2022, the central bank was also cautious about comprehensively lowering the policy interest rate. For example, after the interest rate was cut by 10BP in January 2022, despite the unexpected rebound of domestic epidemic in the second quarter, the central bank did not immediately reduce the policy interest rate. It was not until July that the economy turned downward again on the way to recovery and there were twists and turns in credit easing that the central bank cut interest rates again beyond expectations (see Figure 37-38). According to the experience of two rounds of interest rate cuts that exceeded expectations in 2012 and 2019, if the domestic economy gradually stabilizes in the short term, the transformation from wide currency to wide credit accelerates, and the yield of 10-year government bonds drops slightly, the recovery channel will be gradually started; If there is an unexpected risk event, such as the real estate recovery continues to be less than expected, the risk spreads to other fields or even systemic risks, it is also expected that the central bank will cut interest rates quickly, continuously and substantially, and the interest rate center is expected to drop significantly again until the economy stabilizes, but at present, this probability is too small.

(4) Summary

Based on the analysis of the above three perspectives, it is estimated that the yield of domestic 10-year government bonds will probably bottom out first and then rise in the next few quarters:1）The weak recovery of domestic economy does not support a sharp rise in interest rates in the short term, and even does not rule out the possibility of cutting interest rates again. However, with the increasing pressure to stabilize prices and exchange rates, the constraints on monetary easing are also obvious. In addition, with the transformation from a wide currency to a wide credit, the probability of China’s credit demand bottoming out and economic recovery improving in the future will increase. It is only a question of whether the recovery speed or slope can be as expected, and the trend of interest rate recovery is relatively clear.2）At present, the domestic market interest rate has been much lower than the desired interest rate level, and it is only a matter of time before it converges upward;3）Historical experience shows that the interest rate cut on the eve of economic recovery will help the interest rate to decline slightly in the short term, but if there is no unexpected impact, after the interest rate cut boots land and the economy is confirmed to stabilize, the interest rate will open a recovery channel.

In addition, the current real interest rate level in China is not high, and monetary policy is constrained by insufficient demand. The effect of monetary easing on stimulating economic growth is limited, but it may bring more sequelae. Unless it encounters extreme unexpected shocks, it is not necessary to continue to loosen the currency substantially. First, China’s real interest rate (nominal interest rate minus inflation rate) has been continuously lower than the actual economic growth rate. Governor Yi Gang of the Central Bank pointed out in the article "Interest Rate System and Interest Rate Marketization Reform in China" that the real interest rate R after inflation adjustment should be equal to the real economic growth rate G. However, most of the time, the real interest rate in China is lower than the actual economic growth rate, which tends to distort the allocation of financial resources and bring about inflation, asset price bubbles, idle funds and other problems. At present, the real interest rate of RMB loans in China has been at a low level below 1.5% for five consecutive quarters (see Figure 39), and the growth rate has been lower than the real GDP except for the second quarter of this year. Second, the core contradiction facing China’s economy at present is insufficient effective demand. Monetary easing is constrained by banks’ reluctance to borrow and enterprises’ reluctance to borrow, and it is difficult for monetary policy to promote the "soft rope". Therefore, fiscal policy needs more efforts. Monetary policy should cooperate with fiscal policy to provide suitable liquidity and financing environment, and blindly easing will not help accelerate the optimization and adjustment of the current economic structure.

　 　This article was first published on WeChat WeChat official account: Seeing the Macro. The content of the article belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hexun.com’s position. Investors should operate accordingly, at their own risk.

　　People’s Daily Online, Beijing, December 13 (Reporter Sun Hongli) Today, the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council held a press conference on health management of key populations and answered questions from reporters.

　　At the meeting, a reporter asked, some elderly people think that it is a little late to vaccinate COVID-19 vaccine. How long can I produce antibodies after vaccination?

　　In this regard, Wang Huaqing, chief expert of immunization program of China CDC, said that the elderly who have not completed vaccination should be vaccinated as soon as possible. It does take some time to have a protective effect after vaccination. Generally, it takes one to two weeks to produce antibodies after vaccination, but if a relatively high level of antibodies is to be produced, it will take about four weeks after full immunization. However, sometimes it is necessary to carry out intensive immunization. After intensive immunization, the time to produce antibodies is faster and shorter, and the level of antibodies produced is higher.

　　"Therefore, those who have not completed vaccination should be vaccinated as soon as possible, and those who have not completed strengthening should be strengthened as soon as possible, so as to play a better protective role." Wang Huaqing said.

On December 22nd, the Central Network Information Office held a video conference on the national network information system, and deployed the special action of "Clear, Combating Traffic Fraud, Black Public Relations and Network Water Army". Sheng Ronghua, deputy director of the Central Network Information Office and deputy director of the National Network Information Office, attended the meeting and delivered a speech. Responsible comrades of relevant departments of the Central Network Information Office and representatives of website platforms attended the meeting at the main venue, and responsible comrades of the Network Information Office of the Party Committee of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps attended the meeting at the sub-meeting.

The meeting pointed out that at present, the problems of traffic fraud, black public relations and network water army are interrelated and coordinated with each other, which damages the legitimate rights and interests of netizens, disrupts the network public opinion environment and undermines the market order of fair competition. The people deeply hate it and strongly reflect it. In this regard, the Central Network Information Office decided to launch a two-month nationwide special campaign of "Clear, Combating Traffic Fraud, Black Public Relations, and Network Water Army".

The meeting stressed that it is necessary to improve the political position and fully understand the significance of the special action from the aspects of standardizing the communication order, safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the people and maintaining a good market order. The meeting made it clear that this special action focused on traffic fraud, black public relations, and chaos in the network water army, focusing on three aspects of rectification tasks.The first is to control the traffic fraud problems such as brushing points, controlling comments, brushing letters, brushing the amount of powder, and brushing the list to canvass.Focus on platforms such as life service, book audio-visual scoring, social interaction and short videos, and focus on rectifying the fictional "notes on planting grass" and "online celebrity evaluation" by hiring professional writers and the network water army, or by "raising the number", occupying the front row of praise, and discouraging the deletion of bad reviews, etc., the film and television, songs, literary works, as well as commodities, food, and scenic spots are controlled and evaluated; Keep a close eye on commodity marketing links such as short videos, live broadcasts, and e-commerce platforms, and manage problems such as making false sales and false praise; Focus on social information, forum communities, live video, application stores, small programs and other platform links, rectify the purchase of fans in bulk, increase "zombie fans" and "talent powder", and organize the water army to create false readings, comments, reposts, likes, downloads, exposures and other issues; Pay close attention to the list positions of various website platforms such as "hot search list", "ranking list" and "popular recommendation", and seriously investigate and deal with problems such as malicious speculation and canvassing by manual or technical means.The second is to continue to rectify the chaos of online black public relations.Focus on cracking down on extortion of others and seeking improper benefits on the grounds of posting negative information on the Internet; Rectify and stir up social hotspots, concoct so-called "hot articles" and "explosions", and deliberately incite netizens to engage in malicious marketing; Centralized disposal of malicious counterfeiting, counterfeiting or misappropriation of information content published by organizations and other people’s accounts in order to attract attention or achieve the purpose of self-hype; Seriously investigate and deal with the problem that the website platform and related staff accept property and delete negative information for enterprises or individuals; Crack down on businesses fabricating negative or misleading information from competitors, systematically speculating and publishing, boosting the rising popularity, and harming the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises.The third is to resolutely investigate and deal with the information, accounts and related control platforms of the network water army.Comprehensively clean up a batch of information on promoting drainage or recruiting water army in the name of "network part-time job" and "recruiting writers"; Focus on investigating and dealing with a number of accounts of the water army registered in batches and publishing homogeneous information, which are used to create false data, stir up hot topics, attack and slander others, and sink negative information; Severely crack down on a number of group control software and hang-up platforms that provide brushing services.

The meeting demanded that cracking down on traffic fraud, black public relations, and chaos in the network water army is the final battle of the "Qinglang" series of special actions in 2021. It is necessary to strengthen organizational leadership, do a good job in supervision and implementation, grasp the work rules, compact responsibilities at all levels, pay attention to long-term governance, and promote the special rectification work to achieve solid results.

　　Zhongqing Online, Beijing, September 28th (China Youth Daily, Zhongqing Online reporter Wang Yijun) The reporter was informed today that the Yanta District People’s Court of Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province today publicly pronounced a first-instance judgment on the case that Ye Zhengguang, Ye Daying, Ye Tiejun, Ye Xiaomei, Ye Xiaoyan, Ye Wen and Ye Min, close relatives of Ye Ting martyrs, sued Xi ‘an Momo Information Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Xi ‘an Momo Company") for reputational infringement, and ruled that Xi ‘an Momo Company publicly apologized in the national news media.

　　The court found through trial that on May 8 this year, the defendant Xi ‘an Momo Company published a short video with a duration of 1 minute and 09 seconds on Today’s Headline through its self-media account "Runaway Comics". The content of this video will lock the door for people to get in and out of the Ye Ting martyr’s "Prison Song", open the hole for dogs to climb out, and a voice shouted, climb out and set you free! " The door for people to enter and leave is locked! The hole for the dog to climb out is open! A voice shouted! Climb out! Painless abortion! " . After the video was released on the Internet platform from May 8, 2018 to May 16, 2018, many news media reprinted it, which aroused public concern and hot discussion on the Internet, causing adverse social impact and consequences in a certain range.

　　The court held that the "Prison Song" written by Ye Ting martyr in prison after the Southern Anhui Incident fully reflected the indomitable revolutionary will and unswerving political belief of Ye Ting martyr, and the lofty revolutionary integrity and great patriotic spirit displayed by him have been widely recognized by the whole nation, which has become a part of the common memory of the Chinese nation, an important part of the precious spiritual wealth and socialist core values of the Chinese nation, and also the basis for Ye Ting martyrs to enjoy a high reputation. The video produced by Xi ‘an Momo Company tampered with the contents of "Prison Song", desecrated the fearless revolutionary spirit of Ye Ting martyrs and damaged the reputation of Ye Ting martyrs, which not only caused mental pain to the relatives of Ye Ting martyrs, but also hurt the national and historical feelings of the public and harmed the public interests. Therefore, the above behavior of the defendant Xi ‘an Momo Company has constituted a reputation infringement.

　　The court made the above judgment in accordance with the General Principles of the Civil Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Tort Liability Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), and the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Heroes and Martyrs.

　　Ye Zhengguang, a close relative of Ye Ting martyr, and others v. Xi ‘an Momo Information Technology Co., Ltd.

　　1. What is the relationship between the seven plaintiffs and Ye Ting in this case?

　　A: Plaintiff Ye Zhengguang is the son of Ye Ting, Plaintiffs Ye Daying and Ye Tiejun are grandchildren of Ye Ting, Plaintiffs Ye Xiaomei, Ye Xiaoyan, Ye Wen and Ye Min are granddaughters of Ye Ting.

　　2. What are the main pleadings of the original defendant in this case? Can you briefly introduce the trial process?

　　A: On May 24, 2018, the plaintiffs Ye Zhengguang, Ye Daying, Ye Tiejun, Ye Xiaomei, Ye Xiaoyan, Ye Wen and Ye Min sued the defendant Xi ‘an Momo Information Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Xi ‘an Momo Company) to the Yanta District People’s Court in Xi ‘an on the grounds that the defendant infringed on Ye Ting’s reputation. Their litigation requests were: 1. Order the defendant to stop infringing on Ye Ting’s heroic deeds and spirit; 2. Order the defendant to publicly apologize to the plaintiff in writing in the national media; 3. The defendant was ordered to compensate the plaintiff for mental comfort totaling 1 million yuan.

　　Defendant Xi ‘an Momo Company believes that: 1. The defendant has no intention to infringe Ye Ting’s reputation subjectively. The video program comments on the unhealthy social phenomenon of "implanting hospital advertisements in primary school textbooks" reported by People’s Daily and other media in an ironic way, and explicitly opposes the disorderly implantation of advertisements in primary school textbooks. The defendant inappropriately quoted Ye Ting’s works in the process of video creation, which caused emotional and spiritual harm to the plaintiff. The defendant sincerely apologized for this. 2. For some media reports that are out of context and mislead the public, the defendant hopes to explain his original intention of creating the video through a complete video presentation. 3. Based on the high respect for revolutionary martyrs, after the incident, the defendant actively communicated with the media to clarify the facts to the public; Actively apologize to the plaintiff and try to eliminate the influence.

　　On June 12, 2018, the Yanta District People’s Court of Xi ‘an organized the parties to the case to hold a pre-trial meeting. Through the pre-trial meeting, the original defendant and the defendant exchanged evidence and made clear the focus of the case dispute.

　　On July 15, 2018, the Yanta District People’s Court of Xi ‘an applied ordinary procedures to publicly hear the case. The plaintiff entrusted agents ad litem Feng Zhentao and Lian Gaobo and the defendant Xi ‘an Momo Company entrusted agent ad litem Li Xuesong to attend the proceedings.

　　On September 28, 2018, the Yanta District People’s Court of Xi ‘an publicly pronounced the case.

　　3. What are the main contents of Ye Ting’s "Prison Song"?

　　A: Ye Ting is the founder of China People’s Liberation Army and one of the important leaders of the New Fourth Army. He is a famous strategist at home and abroad. According to historical records, in January 1941, Ye Ting was illegally arrested by the Kuomintang during the Southern Anhui Incident, and was imprisoned in Shangrao, Jiangxi, Enshi, Hubei, Guilin, Guangxi and other places, and finally transferred to the concentration camp of Sino-US Institute for Special Technical Cooperation in Chongqing. In prison, Ye Ting suffered all kinds of hardships, but remained faithful and unyielding. In 1942, he wrote this song "Prison Song". The poem was written by Ye Ting on the wall of the second cell downstairs of the imprisoned Chongqing Zhazidong concentration camp, and the manuscript was brought out by Li Xiuwen, the wife of Ye Ting, when she visited the prison. On April 8, 1946, Ye Ting flew back to Yan ‘an from Chongqing. The plane crashed near Heicha Mountain in Xing County, Shanxi Province and was killed.

　　The full text of "Prison Song" is:

　　The door for people to enter and leave is locked,

　　The hole for the dog to climb out is open,

　　A voice shouted:

　　Climb out and set you free!

　　I long for freedom,

　　But I deeply know — —

　　How can a human body climb out of a dog hole!

　　I hope that one day,

　　Underground fire,

　　Burn me and this living coffin together,

　　I deserve eternal life in fire and blood!

　　4. How do Chinese laws protect the reputation of heroic martyrs?

　　A: According to China’s General Principles of Civil Law, Tort Liability Law, Protection of Heroes and Martyrs Law and relevant judicial interpretations in the Supreme People’s Court, after the death of a natural person, his personal interests before his death, including his name, portrait, reputation and honor, are still protected by law. Article 185 of the General Principles of Civil Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates that anyone who infringes on the names, portraits, reputations and honors of heroes and martyrs and harms the public interests shall bear civil liability. The first and second paragraphs of Article 22 of the Law on the Protection of Heroes and Martyrs stipulate that it is forbidden to distort, vilify, blaspheme or deny the deeds and spirit of heroes and martyrs. The names, portraits, reputations and honors of heroic martyrs are protected by law. No organization or individual may insult, slander or otherwise infringe upon the names, portraits, reputations and honors of heroic martyrs in public places, on the Internet or by using radio and television, movies and publications. No organization or individual may use the names and portraits of heroic martyrs for trademarks or commercial advertisements in disguised form, thus damaging the reputation and honor of heroic martyrs. According to the relevant provisions of the Supreme People’s Court’s Answers to Several Questions on the Trial of Reputation Rights Cases, if the reputation of the deceased is damaged, his close relatives have the right to bring a lawsuit to the people’s court. According to Article 3 of the Supreme People’s Court’s Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning Determining the Liability for Compensation for Spiritual Damage in Civil Torts, the name, portrait, reputation and honor of the deceased are infringed by insulting, slandering, derogating, uglifying or other ways that violate social public interests and social morality, and their close relatives suffer mental pain due to the infringement.If a lawsuit is brought to a people’s court for compensation for mental damage, the people’s court shall accept it according to law. Specific to this case, Ye Ting has passed away, and the seven plaintiffs, as close relatives of Ye Ting, have the right to file a civil lawsuit against the perpetrator who violated Ye Ting’s reputation.

　　5. What are the infringements of the defendant Xi ‘an Momo Company?

　　A: On May 8, 2018, the defendant Xi ‘an Momo Company published a short video with a duration of 1 minute and 09 seconds on Today’s Headline through its self-media account "Runaway Comics". In this video, the "Prison Song" written by martyr Ye Ting before his death: "The door for people to go in and out is locked, the hole for dogs to climb out is open, and a voice screams, climb out and set you free" is changed to "The door for people to go in and out is locked, the hole for dogs to climb out is open, and a voice screams, climb out and there is no pain in people’s flow". The video of 1 minute and 09 seconds involved in the case was widely spread on the Internet, causing public concern. On May 16, 2018, "Today’s Headlines" removed the relevant videos and banned the account "runaway comics". Subsequently, video websites such as Youku, Iqiyi and Tencent Video also made similar treatments.

　　6. Is there any subjective fault in the defendant’s act of making and uploading the video involved?

　　A: Under normal circumstances, the fault in the case of infringement of reputation or reputation right refers to the subjective state of knowing or should have foreseen the consequences of others’ social evaluation, but still doing it or thinking it can still be avoided. In the case of infringement of reputation or the right to reputation, the determination of the fault of the actor is often based on the cognition of ordinary people, supplemented by objective factors such as social common sense, the occupation or specialty of the actor and the cost of controlling the harm.

　　In this case, the defendant, as a self-media operator, especially as an information technology company with certain network creation ability and skillful use of Internet tools, should fully realize the spiritual value embodied in Prison Song, and should foresee that the production and dissemination of the video involved in the case will damage Ye Ting’s reputation and also cause emotional and spiritual harm to his close relatives. In this case, the defendant has the ability to control the possible damage consequences of the video without control, and still publishes and uploads it in the existing state, which is obviously subjectively wrong.

　　7. Did the defendant’s tort infringe on the public interest while infringing on Ye Ting’s reputation?

　　A: The Prison Song written by Ye Ting martyr in prison after the Southern Anhui Incident fully embodies Ye Ting’s indomitable revolutionary will and unswerving political belief. The lofty revolutionary integrity and great patriotism shown in this poem have been widely recognized by the whole nation, which is a part of the common memory of the Chinese nation, a precious spiritual wealth of the Chinese nation, a manifestation of socialist core values, a part of social public interests, and the basis for Ye Ting to enjoy a high reputation. In this sense, the video involved in the case not only infringes on Ye Ting’s personal reputation, but also infringes on the social public interests that are integrated by the reputation of heroes.

　　8. What tort liability should the defendant bear?

　　A: According to the General Principles of the Civil Law, Tort Liability Law and other laws, the defendant shall bear the corresponding tort liability for his acts of infringing the reputation of the deceased, especially the heroic martyrs. By stopping the infringement, eliminating the influence, making an apology, and making compensation for spiritual comfort, the law makes up for the decrease of the social evaluation of the deceased and the mental pain suffered by his close relatives due to the infringement. In this case, the seven plaintiffs asked the defendant to stop the lawsuit against the heroic deeds and spiritual behavior of Ye Ting martyrs. After investigation, before the seven plaintiffs sued, the video involved in the case released by the defendant was removed from the "Today Headline" platform and the account of "runaway comics" was banned, and the infringement was stopped. The plaintiff asked the defendant to publicly apologize in the central news media. Although the video involved in the case released by the defendant has been removed from the shelves, and the defendant also apologized to the plaintiff in the form of "A Letter to General Ye Ting’s Family", the objective infringement of Ye Ting’s reputation has caused serious social impact, and the defendant should formally apologize in the national media to eliminate the adverse social impact caused by his infringement. The plaintiff asked the defendant Xi ‘an Momo Company to pay compensation of 1 million yuan, and the court determined that the defendant paid 100,000 yuan to the plaintiff as appropriate.

　　9. How did the court determine the amount of spiritual comfort in this case?

　　According to the Supreme People’s Court’s Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning Determining the Liability for Compensation for Spiritual Damage in Civil Torts, the amount of compensation for mental damage is determined according to the following factors: the degree of the infringer’s fault, the specific circumstances of the infringement, the consequences caused by the infringement, the infringer’s profit, the infringer’s economic ability to take responsibility and the average living standard of the place where the court is located. In this case, the defendant, as a media operator, should be fully aware of the spiritual value embodied in "Prison Song", and should foresee that improper tampering with the production and dissemination of "Prison Song" will damage Ye Ting’s reputation and also cause emotional and spiritual harm to his close relatives, and his subjective fault is obvious. At the same time, the video involved in the case released before the lawsuit has been taken off the shelf, and the defendant also apologized to the plaintiff in the form of "A Letter to General Ye Ting’s Family". He also truthfully admitted the infringement facts in court and expressed his apologies in court. The court comprehensively considered the relevant factors in combination with the specific circumstances of the case, and at the same time, in order to reflect the punishment and warning of the defendant’s infringement, it was determined that the defendant paid 100,000 yuan to the seven plaintiffs as appropriate.

　　10. What are the significance and enlightenment of this case?

　　A: The rapid development of network culture not only enriches people’s spiritual and cultural life, but also brings a series of legal problems. The video involved in the case has tampered with the content of Prison Song and spread rapidly through the network platform, which has aroused great concern of the media, public opinion and the masses about the reputation of heroic martyrs. How to protect the reputation of heroic martyrs has become a hot issue in society. A fair and efficient trial of this case is not only a requirement to achieve fairness and justice in individual cases, but also an important means to regulate people’s online behavior, control illegal online phenomena and protect citizens’ legitimate civil rights and interests by means of the rule of law, which has an important demonstration and guiding role in maintaining the glorious image of heroic martyrs, advocating heroes, admiring martyrs and carrying forward socialist core values according to law.

　　The reputation of heroic martyrs cannot be profaned. Network creation should not infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of others, but should be based on the social public interests and national interests, and it is also the social responsibility that any citizen and market subject should bear. In this case, Ye Ting’s "Prison Song" embodies the revolutionary dauntless spirit, and the national historical memory condensed by the content of "Prison Song" is an important source and part of the core values of contemporary China society, bearing the common memory of several generations of the Chinese nation, and is also an indispensable spiritual core of China as a nation-state. Although the defendant argued that the original intention of creating the video involved in the case was to satirize the unhealthy phenomenon that a large number of advertisements were implanted in primary and secondary school textbooks in society, as an online media operator, he should fulfill a high degree of duty of care, and should be awed, strictly observe the bottom line, respect history and promote righteousness when creating online.

　　The acts involved in the case and similar acts frequently occurring on the Internet in recent years not only infringe on the personal dignity of revolutionary martyrs and their descendants, but also seriously hurt the national and historical feelings of the public. As a people’s court, when handling such cases of infringement of reputation disputes, it should strictly abide by legal procedures, accurately apply the law, punish and stop illegal acts that infringe on the personal interests of revolutionary martyrs, demonstrate judicial credibility, safeguard social public interests, and realize the organic unity of legal and social effects.

1905 movie network news A few days ago, nominations were announced for the 45th Animated Annie Award in 2018. In terms of movies, 13 nominations, including best animated feature film, best animated director, best visual effect, best editing and best soundtrack, are being shown in the Mainland. Irish animation followed closely with 10 nominations.

The above two animations are both popular in the award season. In the previous awards of the Los Angeles Film Critics Association, The Family Helper beat Travel around the Dream to win the best animated feature film. However, in the Animated Annie Award, The Family Helper was shortlisted for the best independent animated feature film and Travel around the Dream was shortlisted for the best animated feature film. Competing for the best animated feature film with "Journey to the Dream Ring" is.

In addition to Hollywood animation occupying most of the nomination list, Japanese animation, British animation and French animation were also shortlisted for some awards.

Best live-action movie animation, and the sixth episode of the seventh season competed for the best role production award.

The animation Annie Award ceremony will be officially held on February 3, 2018 local time.

Attachment: The complete nomination list of the 45th Animated Annie Award.

Best Animated Feature Film

Coco

Captain underwear

Racing Story 3: Speed Challenge

Daddy Thief 3

The Boss Baby

Best animation director

Lee unkrich, Adrian Molina, Travel Notes of the Dream Ring

The Story of the Big Bad Fox Benjamin Renner, Patrick Imbert

Tom McGrath, The Boss Baby

The breadwinner, Nora Tome

Chris McKay

Best independent animated feature film

In the corner of the world

The breadwinner

The Mystery of Beloved Van Gogh Starry Sky

The story of the big bad fox

Princess siesta

Best animated short film

Mr hedgehog’s cabin

Negative space

Scavengers

Son of the leopard

Best animation visual effect

Avatar flight path

Coco

Racing Story 3: Speed Challenge

Daddy Thief 3

Best animated character making

John Chen and Qiu Li, Travel Notes of the Dream Ring

Alison Rutland, Journey to the Dream Ring

The Story of the Big Bad Fox Mark Ruan

The Boss Baby Bryce Grameen

The Boss Baby Renee Lamani

Best live-action movie animation role making

Game of Thrones Season 7 Episode 6

Galaxy Guard 2

Kong: Skull Island.

Star agent: the city of a thousand stars

Rise of the Planet of the Apes 3: The Ultimate Battle

Best animation character design

Coco

Daddy Thief 3

The Boss Baby

The breadwinner

Best soundtrack

Captain underwear

Coco

The Mystery of Beloved Van Gogh Starry Sky

Snow treasure’s ice and snow adventure

The breadwinner

Best art direction

Coco

Mary and the Flower of the Witch

The breadwinner

Best animated storyboard

The Journey to the Dream Ring, Dean Kelly

Madeline Sharafian, Journey to the Dream Ring

The Boss Baby

The breadwinner

Best dubbing

"Captain Underwear" Professor Nick Kroll wears pants

Anthony Gonzalez and Miguel in the Journey to the Dream Ring

The breadwinner Saara Chaudry with Parvana

Laara Sadiq with Fattema, the breadwinner

"The LEGO Batman Movie" Zach Galifianakis with a clown.

The best playwright

Coco

The Mystery of Beloved Van Gogh Starry Sky

Mary and the Flower of the Witch

The breadwinner

Best editing

Coco

Adventures of the Bull

The breadwinner

The LEGO Batman Movie.

Christmas star

Adhering to the people-centered principle is one of the basic strategies for upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. Community is the most basic living place for people, and the starting point of community planning and construction is the vital interests of the grassroots. In August, 2020, 13 departments, including the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, jointly issued the Opinions on Carrying out the Short-board Action of Urban Residential Community Construction, and at the same time issued the Standard for the Construction of Complete Residential Community (Trial), which clearly stated that the goal is to build a safe, healthy, well-equipped and well-managed complete residential community, and the supporting facilities of residential community should be improved as the focus, and the short-board action of residential community construction should be vigorously carried out. Residential community is the basic unit of urban residents’ life and urban governance, bearing the people’s hopes for a better life. It is of great significance to comprehensively improve the quality and service level of infrastructure construction in residential communities to enhance people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security.

Foundation first, improve people’s basic needs for a better life

Infrastructure such as water, electricity, gas, heat and communication is an important guarantee for the normal life of community residents. Due to the early construction, the problems such as the erection of wires from a distance and the aging of pipelines have not only brought serious troubles to the lives of some residents in old communities, but also caused a huge waste of resources and energy. In July 2020, the General Office of the State Council issued the Guiding Opinions on Comprehensively Promoting the Renovation of Old Urban Residential Areas (hereinafter referred to as "Guiding Opinions"), which clearly stated that starting from the most direct and realistic interests that the people are most concerned about, the residents’ opinions should be solicited and the renovation contents should be reasonably determined, and the supporting facilities of residential areas and municipal infrastructure should be improved. In the process of community transformation, we should adhere to the principle of "underground first, then above ground", give priority to the transformation of underground pipelines such as water supply, rainwater, sewage, gas, electricity and communication, and upgrade public infrastructure such as roads, fire protection, charging, lighting and domestic waste sorting. Implement the concept of sponge city, protect and restore the community ecosystem, build a sponge community, effectively combine natural channels with manual measures, comprehensively adopt the measures of "infiltration, stagnation, storage, purification, use and discharge", and carry out roof greening, rainwater storage and collection and utilization, and micro-topography construction according to local conditions through combined design, so as to scientifically and orderly promote the transformation of rainwater and sewage diversion and mixed connection in the community with separate system, and maximize the realization of rainwater in the residential community. Actively promote the classification of domestic waste, improve the facilities for classified delivery, classified collection and classified transportation, and at the same time strengthen publicity to make the awareness of garbage classification deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

The Guiding Opinions pointed out that by the end of the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, we should strive to basically complete the task of rebuilding old urban communities that need to be rebuilt before the end of 2000 in light of local conditions. As far as the current situation is concerned, the task of transformation is arduous. On the one hand, it is necessary to ensure capital investment and establish a long-term mechanism. The government, residents and social forces should share the burden reasonably and improve the long-term management mechanism of the community. On the other hand, community residents and professional and technical personnel should participate extensively, encourage planners and engineers to enter the community, improve the renovation design and refined governance level of old residential areas, promote the construction and renovation of community human settlements in a simple, moderate, green and low-carbon way, and strive to improve the functional quality of the community.

Overall coordination to ensure the healthy circulation of urban water system

Urban water system is a comprehensive system based on water cycle, water flux as the medium, water facilities as the carrier, water safety as the goal and water management as the means. Residential community is the spatial carrier of domestic water and sewage discharge of the broad masses of people, an important place for the conversion of material flow and energy flow, and a key node of urban water system. At present, the overall efficiency of urban water system in China needs to be improved. According to the Statistical Yearbook of Urban Construction in 2020 published by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the leakage of urban public water supply network in China is about 7.85 billion cubic meters, accounting for about 13% of the total urban public water supply, which is still far from the goal that the leakage rate of water supply network is less than 10% in the Outline of Industry Development Plan for Urban Water Affairs in 2035. The concentration of influent biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in some sewage treatment plants in China is less than 100 mg per liter. It is urgent to systematically investigate the reasons for the low influent concentration around the pipe network in the service area and steadily improve the efficiency of sewage collection and treatment facilities. Due to the influence of extreme climate and the imperfect drainage and waterlogging prevention engineering system, urban waterlogging incidents occur from time to time, and the urban drainage and waterlogging prevention engineering system of "source emission reduction, pipe network discharge, simultaneous storage and drainage, and emergency exceeding the standard" needs to be improved urgently.

The upgrading and transformation of community infrastructure should not only meet the basic service needs of community residents, but also organically combine with the overall improvement of municipal facilities system functions, and implement the overall layout and policy requirements of the state on improving the quality and efficiency of each subsystem of urban water system. In terms of urban water supply, the General Office of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the "Guidelines for the Measurement and Management of Urban Water Supply Pipe Network by District-Construction of Water Supply Pipe Network Leakage Control System" (for Trial Implementation) in 2017, guiding local governments to take the measurement and management of urban water supply pipe network as the starting point, strengthen the leakage control of urban water supply pipe network with systematic ideas, improve the level of refined and information management of water supply pipe network, and enhance the ability of water supply security. In practice, we should combine the construction of complete community, the renovation of old residential areas, the renovation of shanty towns and the renovation of secondary water supply facilities, formulate the implementation plan of metering management in different areas of the pipe network according to local conditions, design and implement it synchronously with the construction and renovation of the pipe network, coordinate water metering and water pressure control, water quality safety and facilities management, pipe network operation and business charge management, and build a pipe network leakage control system. In terms of urban sewage treatment, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development in 2020 issued the "Implementation Plan for Supplementing Shortboards and Strengths of Urban Domestic Sewage Treatment Facilities", which clearly proposed to combine the renovation of old residential areas and municipal roads, promote the connection construction of branch pipe networks and outdoor pipes, supplement "capillaries", and implement mixed connection, missed connection, and renovation of old and damaged pipe networks to improve the efficiency of sewage collection. In terms of urban waterlogging control, the General Office of the State Council issued the Implementation Opinions on Strengthening Urban Waterlogging Control in 2021.It is clearly put forward that priority should be given to solving the problems of waterlogging in residential communities, mixed connection of rainwater and sewage pipe networks, etc. By disconnecting the rainwater pipes of buildings, optimizing the vertical design, and strengthening the elevation connection of buildings, roads, green spaces, landscape water bodies, etc., rainwater overflow can be discharged into drainage pipe networks, natural water bodies or recycled after collection.

Green and low carbon help the city achieve the goal of "double carbon" as scheduled.

Realizing peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality is an important strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, an inevitable choice to solve the outstanding problems of resource and environment constraints, realize the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, and a solemn commitment to build a community of human destiny. In October, 2021, the State Council issued "peak carbon dioxide emissions Action Plan before 2030", which clearly stated that the green production lifestyle was widely implemented during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period. Building green towns and communities. From the international experience, the improvement of residents’ quality of life will push up the per capita carbon emission level, and the essence of community renewal and transformation is to improve residents’ quality of life, and to actively intervene in green technology and green lifestyle to prevent the future increase of community carbon emissions. At the community level, the primary goal is to realize people’s high-quality life, and at the same time, we should popularize green lifestyles such as water saving, garbage sorting and food saving, enhance residents’ acceptance of green lifestyles, and ensure the smooth implementation of the national "double carbon" strategy. In the process of community infrastructure renovation, franchise units should seize the important opportunity of community renovation and old residential area renovation, speed up the renovation of underground pipe network, adopt new sewage collection and rainwater utilization technologies, comprehensively improve the efficiency of infrastructure operation system, and reduce the background energy consumption and carbon emission level of infrastructure operation in the community. Promote green technologies such as the integration of plants, networks and rivers, the utilization of reclaimed water and the management of non-profitable water, strengthen the construction of smart water, and realize the systematic carbon emission reduction of urban water system from the source to the end of the community. Code for Design of Outdoor Drainage(GB50014-2021) clearly requires that when sewage collection and centralized treatment facilities have been built in cities and towns, septic tanks should not be set in the separate drainage system. Septic tanks will not only intercept COD (carbon source) and affect the influent concentration of sewage treatment plants, but also anaerobically convert the intercepted COD into greenhouse gases such as methane. At present, the urban sewage treatment rate in China has reached 97.53%. In the process of community sewage facilities renovation, canceling the septic tank construction according to local conditions can not only reduce the renovation cost and urban greenhouse gas emissions, but also increase the influent concentration of sewage treatment plants and improve the operation efficiency of sewage treatment plants.

Scientific evaluation and building the bottom line of residential community safety

At present, China’s urban construction has entered a new stage of stock-based and high-quality development. Problems such as aging stock infrastructure, overloaded operation and untimely operation and maintenance may cause disasters and accidents. In 2021, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the "Notice on Strengthening the Construction of Supporting Facilities for the Renovation of Old Urban Residential Areas", clearly requiring the organization of relevant professional business units to jointly investigate the possible safety hazards of supporting infrastructure such as gas, electricity, drainage and heating, and public spaces. Safety is no small matter, and responsibility is greater than heaven. Community infrastructure construction should be based on security, expand the connotation of resilience, and integrate the concepts of intensive, green, intelligent and collaborative to build an infrastructure security system to help the high-quality development of the city. Safety awareness should run through the whole process of building a complete community and transforming old communities. In the process of compiling the community renewal and transformation plan, facilities such as gas, electricity, drainage and heating with potential safety hazards should be given priority as key contents. Involving gas, electricity, drainage, heating and other security risks, we should ensure that the security review does not leak items. Professional business units should implement safety responsibilities, strengthen the protection of construction and operation and maintenance forces, and eliminate potential safety hazards. Make full use of the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and other information technologies, promote the construction of community intelligent disaster prevention and mitigation system, promote the sharing and application of data related to disasters and accidents, and accelerate the construction of community disaster comprehensive monitoring and early warning perception network and terminal equipment.

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to promote green development and carry out actions to create green communities. Green community is an inevitable choice for the development of modern cities and an important part of building beautiful China. The construction of green community should combine urban renewal and upgrading of existing housing, implement the concept of sponge city, integrate resilience elements and wisdom elements, realize the greening of community infrastructure, promote the improvement and sustainable development of municipal infrastructure system, and build urban ecological infrastructure system, so as to continuously improve people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security.

Chang kui

Chief Engineer, Doctor, Senior Engineer, Ecological Municipal Institute of China Planning and Design Institute (Beijing) Co., Ltd. Long-term engaged in urban water environment improvement, sponge city construction, water system planning, ecological protection planning, municipal engineering and land space planning and other related professional fields. Participated in more than 20 planning, design and technical consulting projects, 4 national scientific research projects, 2 standard specifications and 4 monographs. He has won one second prize of Huaxia Construction Science and Technology Award, one first prize and two second prizes of National Excellent Urban and Rural Planning and Design Award, and one first prize of Provincial Excellent Urban and Rural Planning and Design Award. Participated in Yushu earthquake relief work, was responsible for the docking and coordination of Jiegu Town municipal engineering, and was awarded the title of "Advanced Individual in Yushu Earthquake Recovery and Reconstruction" by Yushu State Party Committee and Yushu State Government.

Beijing Population Development No.39 [2011].

Population and Family Planning Commission and Finance Bureau of all districts and counties:

　　In order to thoroughly implement Scientific Outlook on Development, give priority to family planning families to enjoy the fruits of reform and development, and promote the coordinated and sustainable development of population, economy and society in this city, according to the spirit of the Notice of the State Population and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Finance on Incorporating Rural Residents with Half Households into the Rural Family Planning Reward and Support System, and combining with the actual situation of this city, it is decided to implement rural family planning reward and support for rural residents with half households in this city (hereinafter referred to as "Half Households Rural Residents Reward and Support"). Relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:

　　First, enjoy the definition of "half households" to reward and help rural residents

　　"Half-household" refers to a couple whose one party is a rural resident of this city and the other is an urban resident. The nature of the household registration of the parties concerned is subject to the first page of my current valid household registration book.

　　Two, the basic content of "half of rural residents reward and assistance"

　　"Half-family rural residents’ reward and assistance" refers to the rural residents in this city who enjoy the 100 yuan reward and assistance per person per month when they reach the age of 60. This system has been implemented in rural areas of the city since January 1, 2011.

　　(a) the application conditions for reward and assistance objects

　　The object of reward and assistance shall meet the following conditions:

　　1. I and my spouse are "half-family" family planning families, and I have the household registration of rural residents in this city;

　　2. I was born after January 1, 1933 and reached the age of 60;

　　3, since January 1, 1973, there is no violation of family planning laws, regulations, rules and policies to give birth to children (including adoption, the same below);

　　4. There is only one child now.　 　 　

　　(two) the standard of payment of bonus.

　　1, "half households" rural residents incentive assistance payments to individuals as a unit, since I reached the age of 60 next year, according to the standard of 100 yuan per person per month once a year, until death. If the measures are over 60 years old at the time of implementation, they will be issued from the actual age in 2011 and will not be reissued.

　　2, the source of incentive assistance and the proportion of sharing according to the relevant provisions of the family planning system in rural areas of our city.

　　3. Entrusted by the Municipal Population and Family Planning Commission, the agency will establish a personal account for the confirmed reward and assistance objects in a timely manner, and directly transfer the reward and assistance funds to the personal account of the reward and assistance objects.

　　(three) the confirmation procedure of the object of reward and assistance

　　Confirmation of the "half-family" rural residents’ reward and assistance objects shall be carried out in accordance with the following basic procedures:

　　1. I apply;

　　2. The villagers’ committee deliberated and publicized;

　　3 Township People’s government, street offices and publicity;

　　4 county population and Family Planning Commission review, confirmation and publicity;

　　5 city population and Family Planning Commission checks and logical audit.

　　If the reward and assistance object changes, it shall be reported by the villagers’ committee in time.

　　The county population and Family Planning Commission is responsible for organizing the annual examination of the reward and assistance objects.

　　(four) the principle of termination of the qualification of the object of reward and assistance

　　If the object of reward and assistance is in any of the following circumstances, the villagers’ committee shall verify it in time and go through the procedures for withdrawing from reward and assistance:

　　1, my household registration from rural residents to urban residents;

　　2, my account moved out of the city;

　　3. After I have given birth or adopted a child, the determination of the number of children no longer meets the prescribed conditions;

　　4, reward and help the object of my death;

　　5. Other circumstances that should be terminated.

　　Three, the county population and family planning departments should be in accordance with the spirit of this notice, planning to do a good job in policy propaganda and implementation, timely publicity of policies to the village to the people, so that the masses know, and actively do a good job in organizing the declaration of eligible objects.

　　In 2012, the "half-family" rural residents’ reward and assistance work began to be included in the reward and assistance system for some rural family planning families, and it was organized and implemented together. In 2011, the bonus will be reissued from January 1st.

　　Fourth, the qualification confirmation, specific measures for policy implementation, basic principles, payment methods and fund management, organization and leadership, fund supervision and management, and form filling of the "half-family" rural residents shall refer to the Notice of the General Office of the Beijing Municipal People’s Government on Forwarding the Opinions of the Municipal Population and Family Planning Commission and the Municipal Finance Bureau on Establishing the Incentive and Support System for Family Planning Families in Rural Areas of this Municipality (Beijing Zhengban Fa [2005] No.33). Notice of population and family planning commission of Beijing Municipality on Printing and Distributing the Policy Interpretation of Opinions on Establishing the Family Planning Reward and Assistance System in Rural Areas of this Municipality (J.P.F. [2005] No.51), Notice of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Finance of Beijing Municipal Population and Family Planning Commission on Printing and Distributing the Management Standard of Family Planning Reward and Assistance System in Rural Areas of Beijing (J.P.F. [2007] No.6) and other reward and assistance work requirements shall be implemented.

Beijing Municipal Population and Family Planning Commission

beijing finance bureau

October 10, 2011

Tengchong is located in the western border of Yunnan Province. The name of Tengchong started from the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, and it was called Yunnan and Vietnam in the Western Han Dynasty. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Jimizhou was located, and in the early Song Dynasty, it was softened. Later, it was changed to Tengchong Prefecture, and Tengchong Prefecture was established in Yuan Dynasty. Tengchong Prefecture was established in Ming Dynasty, and Tengyue Prefecture and Tengyue Hall were established successively in Qing Dynasty. Tengchong County was established in 1913 and Tengchong City was established in September 2015. It is the gateway to Myanmar, India, Pakistan and other Southeast Asian and South Asian countries, and is known as the "first city in the extreme". There are seven nationalities living in the world: Han, Dai, Hui, Lisu, Wa, Bai and Achang. Tengchong is rich in culture and natural resources, and there are many intangible cultural heritage resources to inherit and protect. By 2019, there were 293 projects and inheritors at all levels, including 66 projects and 213 representative inheritors (2 at the national level and 14 at the provincial level).

On the occasion of the 13th Cultural and Natural Heritage Day, let’s enjoy the elegance of Tengchong’s intangible cultural heritage projects!

I. List of National Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection (2)

1. Wa nationality Qing opera

Published in 2008

Project introduction

Classify traditional dramas

Qing Opera, also known as Hubei Gaoqiang, was introduced into Tengchong, Yunnan during Xianfeng period in Qing Dynasty, and remained in Sugarcane Village, Wa village. It is the only local drama in Tengchong that has been included in China minority operas. Qing opera has the characteristics of "nine-cavity thirteen-board" and high-cavity opera, and its tunes are cadence, pleasing to the ear and good at narration and lyricism. The story of the play is touching and the characters are distinct.

2. Tengchong Shadow Play

Published in 2011

Project introduction

Classify traditional dramas

Tengchong shadow play, also known as "light shadow" and "shadow play", is a local art form with a long history and wide influence. According to legend, during the Hongwu period of Ming Dynasty, it was introduced from Jiangnan, Huguang and Sichuan, and it was divided into two types in singing: Western (lively rhythm and high spirits) and Eastern (beautiful melody and solemn atmosphere). Tengchong shadow puppets are exquisitely made, which not only has the style of shadow puppets in the Central Plains, but also has obvious border and regional characteristics.

Two, the provincial intangible cultural heritage protection list (6)

1. Tengchong Heshun folk song "Introduction to Yangwendun"

Published in 2006

Project introduction

Category folk literature

Yang Wen’s Little Introduction is an exhortation ballad based on the life experiences of Tengchong Heshun people and even people in western Yunnan who "went abroad". Yang Wen Cun Xiao Yin is famous for its ancient name, which was written in Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty. After several times of circulation, some traditional manuscripts of cotton paper brushes were scattered among the people.

2. Tengchong jade carving art

Published in 2006

Project introduction

Classify traditional art

Tengchong jade carving has a long history. According to local chronicles, there were more than 100 workshops engaged in jade processing in Tengchong before 1949, with more than 3,000 craftsmen. Today, Tengchong jade carving industry is developing rapidly, the jade carving team is expanding, the production process has evolved into mechanization and electrification, and the technology level is changing with each passing day.

3. Tengchong dulcimer

Published in 2009

Project introduction

Lei bie qu yi

Dulcimer is a kind of rap art, which is suitable for narrative content, events and characters’ emotions. The accompaniment instruments include dulcimer, erhu, pipa, cello and percussion. It is said that the dulcimer was introduced into Tengchong in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, and then it was integrated with the local four-tone pronunciation to form Tengchong dulcimer. There are three major melodies of dulcimer, namely "Yangdiao", "Daoqing" and "Sanban", which are light and lively, passionate with resentment, humorous, steady and deep.

4, Tengchong Diantan Shuicheng Lisu traditional cultural protection area.

Published in 2009

Project introduction

Category-specific national cultural protection areas

Lisu Village, Shuicheng, Lianzu Community, Diantan Town, Tengchong City, is located in the northwest of Diantan Town, 65 kilometers away from the county seat, bordering Myanmar, with a border of 24 kilometers. It is said that the ancestors of the Lisu people in Shuicheng settled in Shuicheng, Diantan, in the fourth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi. They were Lisu people who settled in Tengchong earlier, preserved traditional looms and textile processing, and most women mastered embroidery techniques. Folk literature plays an important role in the traditional culture of Lisu nationality; Dances mainly include ga-dancing and three-string dancing; The folk paintings of Lisu people in Shuicheng have distinct characteristics of the times and nationalities, and have high artistic appreciation value and collection value; The biggest and ceremonious festival among the Lisu people in Shuicheng is the Knife and Pole Festival, and "Going up the knife mountain and going down to the sea of fire" is the most wonderful folk activity of the Knife and Pole Festival.

5, Tengchong Chinese patent medicine production skills

Published in 2017

Project introduction

Biebie traditional medicine

Tengchong Chinese patent medicine herbs benefit from the unique geographical climate of Gaoligong Mountain, and are refined by traditional pharmaceutical techniques and secret recipes. Pharmaceutical factory uses pharmaceutical tools such as hay cutter, mortar, grinding trough and bowl, and uses the unique processing technology of "soaking, soaking, calcining, stewing, frying, steaming and boiling" and the ancient preparation technology to produce and process Chinese patent medicines. The products are sold in major pharmacies in more than 20 provinces and cities in China, including pills, plasters, medicinal liquor, tablets and injections. Yunnan Tengyao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. was recognized as "China’s time-honored brand" by the Ministry of Commerce in 2006.

6. Dongjing Music

Published in 2017

Project introduction

Classify traditional music

The Cave Sutra is the Cave True Sutra, and its full name is "Taishan Yuqing Wuji Always True Wenchang Cave Fairy Sutra", which is a long-standing traditional ancient music in Tengchong. The scriptures are profound, the melody is solemn and beautiful, and it is a noble and auspicious symbol. Dongjing musical instruments are composed of China national musical instruments, such as silk string, orchestral string, playing, plucking and percussion. Qupai is a mixture of ancient court music and Taoist music. The way of playing is dominated by classics, combined with singing and playing, and given certain religious ceremonies, which are solemn, elegant and simple.

Three, Baoshan municipal intangible cultural heritage protection list (32)

1. The Legend of Tengchong’s "Great Rescue"

Published in 2005

Project introduction

Category folk literature

The Legend of Tengchong’s "Rescue" is a legend that Zhu Youlang, Emperor Yongli of Nanming, was rescued by a local farmer with a bowl of fried bait when he fled to Tengchong, so he was named "Rescue". "Great rescue" means cutting Tengchong bait into small pieces and frying them with eggs and cabbage, which is a famous dish at local banquets.

2. The Lisu narrative poem "New Year Tune"

Project introduction

Category folk literature

"Chinese New Year Tune" is a "major" sung by Lisu people during the Chinese New Year. It is sung in a way of dialogue between people and gods, depicting how Lisu people wait for the arrival of their ancestors and gods during the Chinese New Year. This ancient poem sums up the Lisu ancestors’ understanding of the relationship between heaven and man, life and death, fate and reality, etc. The universe, the sun, the moon, the morning, the night, the gods and human beings it shows constitute a holy and spectacular epic realm.

3. The Legend of the Cliff of the Sacrifice of Yunfeng Mountain

Project introduction

Category folk literature

Yunfeng Taoist Temple, built in the seventh year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (AD 1634), is a famous Taoist mountain in western Yunnan. It is said that to make a pilgrimage to Yunfeng Mountain and make a wish is responsive, and it has become a place where all sentient beings who worship Taoism yearn for worship. There are many folk legends and fairy tales circulating in Yunfeng Mountain, which is known as the "Fairy Mountain Qiongge". The legend about Sheshen Cliff is well known to women and children, adding a mysterious color to Yunfeng Mountain.

4. The Legend of Huzhu Temple

Project introduction

Category folk literature

The Legend of Huzhu Temple is based on the ancient temple Huzhu Temple. It is said that there is a dragon-to-pearl drama in the dry sea, which is lost occasionally and gained by Meng. Sometimes, the thunderstorm is raging, and Meng is afraid, and the temple is suitable for a statue. Meng Nazhu is named after the Buddha’s belly. Huzhu Temple is one of the oldest existing buildings in Tengchong and even Baoshan City. Huzhu Temple and its surrounding cultural relics represent an important history of Tengchong in Song and Yuan Dynasties. Its architectural style and legends are of high cultural value for studying Tengchong’s religious history and human geography.

5. Tengchong Lantern Music

Project introduction

Classify traditional music

According to legend, Tengchong Lantern was introduced into Tengchong from the mainland during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, and then it was merged with local songs and dances, and gradually developed into Tengchong Lantern with local characteristics, which was mainly based on dance or singing, with simple songs and dances, singers with good luck, seasonal farming, bidding farewell to the old and welcoming the new, praying for exorcism and good weather, and then further developed into a lantern play with a complete plot.

6. Lisu people "jump"

Project introduction

Biebie traditional dance

"Dancing Ga" is a kind of folk art that combines song and dance. In places where Lisu people live in compact communities, this dance is necessary for celebrations, funerals and building houses. "Tiao Ga" takes a circle as the formation, and the "Ga Tou", the leader of the dance and singer, leads the dancers to walk counterclockwise, singing and dancing while dancing. The activity of Tiaoga is of great value to the study of the cultural inheritance and development of Lisu people.

7. Lisu "Sanxian Dance"

Project introduction

Biebie traditional dance

"Sanxian Dance" is a dance with Xiao Sanxian as the main accompaniment instrument, and bamboo flute, oral string and duet can also be played together. On the occasion of "Spring Festival" and "Knife and Pole Festival", all the men, women and children in the village gather together to form a circle and dance in steps with the accompaniment of Xiao Sanxian. The formation can be horizontal or vertical, crossing each other and being flexible and changeable.

8. Dai "Kirin Dance" in Wuhe Township

Project introduction

Biebie traditional dance

Dai unicorn dance is an ancient dance with both self-entertainment and sacrifice, which is similar to the lion dance of Han nationality. It is a kind of sacrifice activity for people to pray for the blessing of the old heaven, for the village to be clean and auspicious, for people to live a long life and avoid disasters.

9. The Han folk dance "Little Back Dragon" in Beihai Township.

Project introduction

Biebie traditional dance

Xiao Beilong’s personal performance in Tengchong Dragon Lantern has local characteristics and is unique in Yunnan and even the whole country. It consists of three parts: the dragon head, the dragon body and the dragon tail, which are connected by cloth painted with scales in the middle. When performing, the dragon dancer carries the dragon body on his back and holds the dragon head and the dragon tail in both hands respectively. In the accompaniment of gongs and drums, he performs various performances, such as "playing pearls with dragons" and "turning waves and surging waves".

10. Qushi Township Han folk drama "Fishing Lantern"

Project introduction

Classify traditional dramas

Fish lanterns, an ancient play of Tengchong lanterns, were introduced into Tengchong during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, which is unique in Yunnan and even the whole country. The performance of "Fish Lantern" has many props and huge scenes. During the performance, wooden scaffolding is used to decorate the dragon gate, and people dance the fish to play the game of "Fish Leaping over the Dragon Gate". The fish dancers are paired to play "high handle", "low handle", "fish turning over", "fish drying belly", "fish grabbing water", "fish chasing pendulum" and ".

11. Tengchong Han folk drama "Fairy Lantern"

Project introduction

Classify traditional dramas

Fairy lantern is a symbolic play of Tengchong Lantern, which combines dancing and singing. Because there are fairies and immortals in the role, it is commonly known as fairy lantern. Fairy lanterns mainly show people dancing with gods, celebrating the Spring Festival and praying for a prosperous life, peace and prosperity, good luck and so on.

12. The Lantern Festival in Zhonghe Township is "Dashun Farming"

Project introduction

Classify traditional dramas

Dashun Tilling the Field is the oldest play handed down from the rural lantern drama, and it still retains the primitive and quaint characteristics of the early lantern. Before leaving home, Shun was driving an elephant to the fields for the last time, plowing and sowing with tribal villagers, and saying goodbye to the villagers. "Da Shun Geng Tian" is a large-scale traditional lantern play, in which there are many roles, and it takes thirty or forty people to perform the role-playing of characters and animals. There are many props and complicated systems, which are difficult to inherit and protect. It is an extremely precious "living fossil" to study the development and evolution of lanterns.

13, Lisu costume craft

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

Tengchong Lisu people’s costumes are complex in technology and colorful. Women’s costumes include "safflower thrush clothes", mainly including Baotou, silver beard collar, beaded beads, "thrush clothes", outer shoulder coat, streamer skirt, large pants, lacquer hoop, hanging tube, bamboo and linen sandals, etc. The man’s costume "Magpie Clothes" has a magpie-like head, with a white gown, a jacket, knee-length shorts and cotton embroidered hem.

14. Xingyang Flower Paper Umbrella in Gudong Town

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

Xingyang Flower Umbrella in Gudong Town, Tengchong has a history of at least 200 years, which is called "paper support or support" locally. Xingyang people make flower umbrellas by cutting bamboo into ribs and bamboo or wood into handles, drilling holes at the intersection of the ribs and the handles and fixing them with threads, then covering the stretched ribs with white cotton paper made of leather, printing colorful flowers on the paper, and painting with varnish. The flower umbrella is durable, beautifully patterned and brightly colored, which is suitable for daily sunshade and rainproof and performance.

15, Tengyue Town bait production process

Published in 2012

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

Tengchong bait silk production is an important local traditional food production process. It is made of high-quality old indica rice pulp rice as raw material, using local unique water quality, integrating traditional technology and modern science and technology. The product is clean and fine in color, soft and delicious, and has a unique flavor. It is very delicious whether cooked or fried, and is favored by tourists both inside and outside the province.

16, Tengyue Town thin bean powder production process

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

Thin bean flour is a local traditional snack. Peas are used as raw materials, ground into slurry, poured into a large iron pot with sufficient firepower, stirred and boiled out with slow fire. Golden color, full of fragrance, accompanied by soy sauce, sesame oil, pepper oil, Chili oil, garlic oil, tsaoko oil, broken peanuts, water chestnut root and so on.

17, Tengyue Town large sheet production process

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

Dapian is a famous local dish in Tengchong, and its family has been passed down for four generations. Made from pig’s head meat, the kung fu lies in the words. The big slice of the slice is as big as the palm of your hand and as thin as cicada’s wing. Put it in the dip water made of aged vinegar, bamboo shoots, eggplant, mustard and a variety of seasoning oils and rinse it. It is not oily or greasy, crisp and fresh.

18. Tengchong peasant paintings

Project introduction

Classify traditional art

Tengchong peasant painting is an extension of traditional folk painting in China, which was produced and formed in mass painting activities in the 1970s. Farmers who love painting in Tengchong countryside regard painting as their main spiritual pursuit after their production and work. For decades, they have created a large number of high-quality peasant paintings, which have had a good influence both inside and outside the province, and some of them even enjoy a good reputation in Beijing and have been broadcast overseas.

19. Tengchong God (A) Horse Printing Plate

Project introduction

Classify traditional art

Tengchong Shenma, also known as paper horse, is a block-printed product printed with various ghosts and gods, which is incinerated (or pasted independently) with gold and silver ingots and paper money when praying for blessings, disasters and sacrifices in folk religions. Tengchong Shenma is famous for its delicacy, which is the top grade in Yunnan Shenma art and the best in traditional folk black and white woodcut prints.

20. Tengchong caravan culture

Project introduction

Classify people’s customs

Caravan is a unique means of transportation in southwest China, which is transported by mules and horses. Tracing back to its roots, the existence and operation of Tengchong caravan has a history of thousands of years. Tengchong is the hub of the ancient Southern Silk Road, the earliest international trading port, and an important military town in history.

21. Heshun’s "three drops of water" diet custom

Project introduction

Classify people’s customs

Heshun’s "three drops of water" is a distinctive food culture in Tengchong. One drop of water is a series, and the first drop mainly includes fruits, dried fruits, candied fruits, preserved fruits, sweet liquor and cakes. The second drop contains sweet tea (such as milk fan tea), brain (fried dried rice cake), chicken, pig, shredded bacon, fried tofu, finely fried walnut kernels and peanuts; The third drop is dinner, mainly for delicacies, game, seafood, chicken with eight treasures, hibiscus eggs, shrimp covers, chicken brains, curry meat, roasted pigs and brown-wrapped white fish soup.

22. Lisu people’s "three glasses of wine" diet custom

Project introduction

Classify people’s customs

The Lisu people’s eating custom of "three glasses of wine" is formed in the Lisu people’s production and life, which shows the Lisu people’s national character of attaching importance to feelings and righteousness, being sincere to friends and being generous. The first cup, a "toast" to meet each other; The second cup is a "pour a glass of wine" of mutual respect and respect; The third cup is a "concentric wine".

23. Festival custom of Han nationality at the age of "protecting the territory"

Project introduction

Classify people’s customs

"Fighting to protect the territory" is a kind of folk worship activity. Its main body is the cave sutra, which is a large-scale and well-organized folk custom activity, in which Buddhism, Taoism and Emperor sutra are gathered to complete praying for auspicious disaster and peace, with the participation of the whole village.

24. Xianduo Dai traditional cultural protection zone in Hehua Township.

Project introduction

Category-specific traditional cultural protection areas

Xianduo is located in the southwest of Lotus Town, Tengchong, with a land area of 21.43 square kilometers. Xianduo Village has a long history and profound cultural heritage. With the changes of the times, some traditional cultural customs have changed or even disappeared, but the traditional culture of Xianduo Dai family, such as social morality, language and clothing, living habits, festivals, literature and art, sports, fine arts and religious beliefs, can still be passed down and carried forward.

25. Xinhua Township, the hometown of Achang people’s songs and dances

Project introduction

Classify the hometown of traditional culture.

Xinhua Township is a multi-ethnic area, mainly including Achang, Lisu and Dai. All ethnic groups retain rich and traditional folk culture. The songs and dances of various ethnic groups in Xinhua Township, Tengchong, have a broad mass base, and are highly artistic and ornamental, especially the folk songs "Love Song Tune", "Say Ai Tune" and the dance "Deng Wo Luo" have more distinctive national styles and regional characteristics.

26. Tengchong is the hometown of jadeite craft.

Project introduction

Classify the hometown of traditional culture.

Tengchong is a distribution center of jadeite, with a long history of trade and processing, which has formed its own characteristics. Jade culture is an important part of Tengyue culture, and jade craft production is a cultural industry with rapid development and great potential. With the acceleration of economic globalization, Tengchong jadeite processing and trade has become a bright spot in our county’s economic growth.

27. Xinzhuang Village, Jietou Township is the hometown of papermaking technology.

Project introduction

Classify the hometown of traditional culture.

Xinzhuang Village is located in the east of Jietou Town, Tengchong City, and still retains the traditional ancient manual papermaking skills. For more than 300 years, making white paper has been a traditional cottage industry in Xinzhuang Village, and selling handmade white paper is one of the main economic incomes of the village, accounting for 50% of the total income of the village.

28. Xiaoxi Town is the hometown of bamboo weaving technology.

Project introduction

Classify the hometown of traditional culture.

Xiaoxi has developed handicraft industry in history. Rattan, hat, reed, dustpan, bamboo chopsticks and brown products are exported to Myanmar and inside and outside the province, especially bamboo hats, which are exquisite in craftsmanship, elegant in appearance, firm and durable, and have established a good brand image in Myanmar and western Yunnan.

29. Tengchong, the hometown of Lisu knife and pole art.

Project introduction

Classify the hometown of traditional culture.

The Lisu people in Tengchong have a long history, a broad mass base and a unique artistic style.

30. Wanyao Village, Mazhan Township is the hometown of pottery making technology.

Project introduction

Classify the hometown of traditional culture.

"Tengchong County Records" contains: "Pottery production is mainly concentrated in bowls and kilns in Mazhan District, and earthenware has been fired for more than 500 years." Making and selling pottery is a traditional handicraft industry in Wanyao village. For hundreds of years, making and selling pottery has been one of the main sources of income in the village.

31. Tengchong is the hometown of folk music.

Project introduction

Classify the hometown of traditional culture.

During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, the large-scale migration of military and civilian villages brought the music culture from all parts of the Central Plains to Tengchong. The music not only maintained the charm of the ancient music in the Central Plains, but also blended with the tones of the border songs, thus forming the Tengyue ancient music with Tengchong regional music style. The representative music includes: Dongjing music, shadow play music, lantern music, dulcimer music, folk songs, Wa Qing opera music, Dai opera music and Lisu folk songs.

32. Tengchong sings books

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Biebie traditional folk art

Singing books is similar to storytelling, also known as "good books", which is a folk art popular in Tengbei rural areas in the 1960s and 1970s. It is a kind of sitting and singing quyi, which is mainly based on singing, and it is rarely said in plain English. The story is vivid and touching.

Four, Tengchong municipal intangible cultural heritage protection list (26)

1, the legend of Deng’s participation.

Published in 2005

Project introduction

Folk oral literature of different ethnic groups

2, columnar joints, Heiyu River legend.

Published in 2005

Project introduction

Folk oral literature of different ethnic groups

3. Lie about Zhang San’s story

Published in 2005

Project introduction

Folk oral literature of different ethnic groups

4. Tengchong Fishing Drum

Project introduction

Folk folk art of different ethnic groups

5. Lisu marriage

Published in 2005

Project introduction

Folk traditional customs of different ethnic groups

6. Lotus Township, the hometown of folk art (peasant paintings) in China

Published in 2005

Project introduction

Folk regional culture of different ethnic groups

7. Gudong Town, the hometown of folk art (shadow play) in China.

Published in 2005

Project introduction

8. Tengchong Lion Dance

Project introduction

Classify traditional sports, recreation and acrobatics.

9. Tengchong Dragon Lantern

Published in 2015

Project introduction

10. Tengchong Dai Opera

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Classify traditional dramas

11. Tengchong Dai language

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Category folk literature

12, Tengchong traditional old cloth shoes production

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

13. Baking Techniques of Mingguang Small Ear Pig

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

14, Tengchong burning pig technology

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

15. Handmade Maltose Production Process in Gudong Town

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

16, Tengchong pavilion production process

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

17, Tengchong clay pot production process

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

18, Tengchong paper binding process

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

19, ponytail buckle production process

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

20. Tengchong Fragrant Technology

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

21, Tengchong indigenous oil extraction process

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

22, Tengchong wool felt production process

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

23, Tengchong rice plastic technology

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Classify traditional art

24, Tengchong saddle making skills

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

25, Tengchong linen sandals compilation skills

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

26, Tengchong black sauce production process

Published in 2015

Project introduction

Traditional skills of classification

Source: Tengchong Cultural Center