CCTV News:Recently, at the meeting of the Dispute Settlement Body of the World Trade Organization held in Geneva, Switzerland, the United States was convicted of violating WTO rules, but instead, the United States used the arbitration institution to "shut down" to appeal and tried to shelve the execution of the ruling indefinitely, which was severely denounced by many WTO members.

At the closed meeting held on January 27th, five members, namely China, Norway, Switzerland, Turkey and Hong Kong, China, set eight topics, demanding that the plenary session adopt five rulings of the expert group on the violation of the new regulations on the origin marking of Hong Kong goods imposed by the United States on imported steel and aluminum products under Article 232, and demanding that the United States cancel the illegal measures. The United States appealed all five rulings before the meeting.

But in fact, since 2019, the United States has repeatedly unilaterally obstructed the selection of judges of the WTO Appellate Body, and the WTO Appellate Body has fallen into a state of complete paralysis after the expiration of the previous judge in November 2020.

According to the minutes of the meeting published by the WTO, the permanent representative of the European Union to the WTO said at the meeting that the WTO arbitration institution was "paralyzed" because of deliberate sabotage by the United States, and it was impossible to hear these appeals at present, and the United States was actually abusing its right of appeal. Abuse of the right of appeal does not help to resolve trade disputes.

The Permanent Representative of Canada to the WTO said at the meeting that all parties to trade disputes must make every effort to find acceptable solutions and fulfill their good faith commitments under the Understanding on Dispute Settlement Rules and Procedures. The suspension of the Appellate Body has brought unfairness and short-term advantages to some members.

　　　　　　 The Permanent Representative of China to the WTO said that it seems that the United States will refuse to implement any unfavorable ruling involving "national security exception", which violates the principle of "pacta sunt servanda". These disturbing behaviors in the United States clearly depict the image of the implementer of unilateral bullying, the destroyer of multilateral trading system and the disruptor of global industrial chain supply chain.

　　　　　　 What is the ruling of the United States to appeal this time? In December 2022, the WTO released the report of the expert group on the dispute settlement mechanism, ruling that the measures taken by the United States to impose tariffs on imported steel and aluminum products in 2018 violated WTO rules and suggested that the United States should correct them. In March 2018, then US President Trump imposed tariffs of 25% and 10% on imported steel and aluminum products on the grounds of safeguarding national security according to Article 232 of the US Trade Expansion Act of 1962. This decision not only led the countries concerned to file a complaint with the WTO, but also the major trading partners of the United States introduced retaliatory measures. In November 2018, the WTO Dispute Settlement Body agreed to set up an expert group to review the steel and aluminum tariff measures announced by the United States to confirm whether the measures violated WTO rules. It was not until last December that the expert group of WTO dispute settlement mechanism issued its ruling.

　　　　　　 The unilateral trade bullying behavior of the United States has aroused more and more opposition around the world. Some media commented that the United States has now become the biggest destroyer of the international trading system.

　　　　　　 Headquarters reporter Yi Xin:For a long time, the United States has been waving a trade stick at other WTO members on the grounds of "national security" and frequently violated WTO rules. The research report on WTO dispute adjudication shows that by far, the United States is the most "unruly", and two-thirds of WTO violations are caused by the United States. When the WTO expert group ruled that the United States violated the rules, the United States took advantage of the current deadlock in the appointment of members of the WTO Appellate Body to appeal the ruling, so as to evade its obligations. The WTO Appellate Body’s "shutdown" and the paralysis of multilateral trade arbitration institutions are precisely caused by the United States’ insistence on obstructing the selection of judges despite the opposition of more than 100 WTO members. At the US trade policy review meeting held by the WTO in December last year, many WTO members expressed serious concern and dissatisfaction with the US trade policy.

Convicted of violating WTO rules, instead of executing the ruling, the United States appealed by using the "shutdown" of the appellate body, trying to put the execution of the ruling on hold indefinitely.

As an arbitration institution for trade dispute settlement, the Appellate Body is known as the "jewel in the crown of WTO" and it is an important part of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism. It has seven permanent seats for judges, each of whom has a term of four years and can be re-elected once. According to the WTO, cases of trade disputes must be tried and decided jointly by three judges. If the number of judges is insufficient, they can’t accept any new cases, and they will fall into a state of "stopping".

One of the most prominent features of the Appellate Body of WTO is its independence. Under this mechanism, all 164 WTO members, regardless of their size, can obtain equal rights to appeal or defend themselves. However, it seems that the United States has always regarded itself as an exception and repeatedly abused the "one-vote veto" to arbitrarily obstruct the start of the selection process for new judges of the Appellate Body.

Since 2017, the United States has frequently blocked the start of the selection process for new judges of the WTO Appellate Body.

In 2017, three of the seven judges of the Appellate Body ended their terms, but the United States has always blocked the appointment of new judges. Counting this time, in the past two years, the United States has said no to the selection of new judges for 30 consecutive times.

In 2018, the United States vetoed the appointment of Mauritian judges for a second term by one vote, leaving only three judges in the WTO Appellate Body. Three people are also the bottom line for the appellate body to operate. In order to avoid the "lockout", in that year, 67 WTO members demanded that "the selection process for new judges of the Appellate Body should be started as soon as possible". However, the United States rejected this proposal.

In November 2019, at the regular meeting of the WTO Dispute Settlement Body, 117 WTO members once again suggested that the process of selecting new judges of the Appellate Body should be started immediately, which showed the strong political will of most members to restore the Appellate Body. However, the United States is still bent on its own way.

On December 9, 2019, the United States once again unilaterally obstructed, resulting in a draft resolution on the reform of the Appellate Body not being passed, and the selection of new judges was once again blocked.

Due to the inability to select new judges in time, from December 11, 2019, only one judge of the Appellate Body was in office, and the Appellate Body was in a state of "stopping".

　　　　　　 On November 30, 2020, the last member of the Appellate Body officially expired. At this point, all members of the Appellate Body have left their posts.

What is the core reason for the United States to do so in the face of non-implementation of WTO rulings, non-compliance with rules and deliberate sabotage? What kind of bad influence will it have? Let’s listen to the interpretation of special commentator Su Xiaohui.

Su Xiaohui, a special commentator, said that many countries see that the United States has a kind of "double standard" behavior towards rules, and they will use it if they agree, and abandon it if they disagree. At the same time, they will try their best to safeguard American hegemony by taking the leading role in rule-making and use American bullying in trade. This kind of behavior interferes with the development of the world economy and harms others, which is also the fundamental factor behind everyone’s rebound against the United States.

　　Chen Xinfeng, the person in charge of the ecological park, and the staff are carrying out professional leaf splitting, flower thinning and fruit thinning on the elevated strawberries to ensure the quality after listing. This is the second year that he has cultivated strawberries without soil. Compared with the traditional cultivation of strawberries, this cultivation technology has a better planting environment and greatly improved the picking experience of tourists.　

　　

Tourists pick and punch cards in the high-ridge strawberry greenhouse.　

　　"Our main varieties are ice cream strawberries, chocolate strawberries and cream strawberries. The output of each greenhouse is about 4,000 kilograms, and each kilogram can be sold to 45 yuan. From now until June, it is the peak season for picking, and the total income is expected to reach 300,000 yuan." Chen Xinfeng told reporters that the strawberries he planted were well received by the market. In addition to supplying local supermarkets, many customers in Zhengzhou and Luoyang booked them, which was in short supply.　

The person in charge introduced the situation of soilless cultivation of strawberries for tourists who came to pick them.　

　　Inspired by "elevated" strawberries, in 2024, Chen Xinfeng transformed the strawberry greenhouse into a smart agricultural greenhouse to plant "high-ridge" strawberries to improve quality and yield. In the transformation, he raised the ridge by 30 cm with steel frame, which is more suitable for the development of sightseeing and picking agriculture; Adopt intelligent drip irrigation and water circulation heating technology system to accurately control air humidity and nutrient supply, and ensure stable growth environment while saving water and fertilizer; Using physical pest control and biological control technology to replace traditional pesticides to ensure that strawberries are green and pollution-free; Equipped with automatic temperature control and light supplement equipment, so that strawberry growth is not limited by natural conditions; Pure water irrigation is used to provide high-quality and stable water source for strawberry growth and accurately meet water demand. At the same time, he also introduced the drone pollination technology of "low temperature tolerance, no flight and no shed collision", which not only improved the fruit setting rate of strawberries, but also improved the fruit quality, making the fruit shape correct and the taste sweet.　

　　Walking into the meat rabbit breeding base in Hanxi Village, Dading Street, rows of modern breeding cages are uniform, and fat meat rabbits are eating and drinking leisurely. The head of the base, Mao Xing, observed the growth of rabbits and carefully recorded them. "At present, there are 144 groups of modern breeding cages in our base, with a total of more than 3,400 meat rabbits, with an annual slaughter of more than 60,000, which can generate income of 500,000 yuan." Mao Xing happily talked to the reporter about the "rabbit breeding".　

Technicians check the growth of meat rabbits.　

　　There are only three or four workers in the clean and tidy breeding shed, thanks to the automatic breeding equipment introduced by the base. Automatic temperature control technology can adjust the temperature of the breeding shed in time, which is more suitable for the growth of meat rabbits; Set the feeding time on the computer, automatically start the feeding function at the point of arrival, and automatically cut off the power after feeding, feeding 1-6 times a day, which better caters to the physiological characteristics of rabbits with less food and more meals; The automatic excrement cleaning system can automatically clean excrement, reduce ammonia smell and flies and mosquitoes, reduce the disease probability and mortality of meat rabbits, and improve the survival rate of young rabbits. In addition, the rabbit manure is also used as agricultural fertilizer and exported to Fujian and Shaanxi, which increases the economic benefits.　

　　"This meat rabbit breeding project can also increase the income of the village collective by 100,000 yuan every year. In the next step, the two village committees will encourage interested people to learn rabbit breeding technology, so that meat rabbit breeding will become a characteristic industry in the village and a project to increase people’s income." Yao Jialian, secretary of the village party branch, introduced.　

　　The industry is prosperous, the countryside is strong and the villagers are rich. In recent years, mengzhou city has continuously intensified the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure. By increasing the popularization and application of intelligent agricultural technologies such as drones, Internet of Things and big data in agricultural production, it has changed the extensive production management mode of traditional agriculture, improved agricultural production efficiency, improved the output and quality of agricultural products, and promoted the sustainable development of agriculture.　

　　It is reported that in the next step, mengzhou city will promote agricultural modernization and intelligence by cultivating high-quality agricultural skilled talents in the new era, accelerating the application of smart agricultural technology, strengthening the guarantee of data elements, and strengthening the construction of talent teams, empowering the masses with smart agriculture, helping the rural areas to fully revitalize, and painting a new picture of a beautiful countryside with strong agriculture, beautiful countryside and rich farmers.　

　　(Guangming Daily full media reporter Michael Cui correspondent Hou Wei Chen Daoming)　

On January 10 th, a book called"Stop issuing performance pay scheme for COVID-19 project"The document was circulated on the Internet and signed by Beijing Kexing Zhongwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd., which mentioned that the company’s COVID-19 vaccine has been completely discontinued and the company has no COVID-19 vaccine products for sale at present.

At noon on January 10th, Jimu journalist called the product consultation hotline of Kexing Holding Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the staff confirmed it.Kexing’s COVID-19 vaccine has been discontinued. If you still need to inject this product, you should ask the local CDC if it is in stock.

It is worth noting that there are still a variety of vaccines for new strains that can be injected in various parts of China.

Kexing COVID-19 vaccine has been discontinued.

Many companies have "got off the bus" before.

According to Jimu News, on January 10th, a document named "Stop Issuing Performance Pay Scheme for COVID-19 Project" was spread on the Internet. The date of signing the scheme was January 9th, and it was stamped with the official seal of Beijing Kexing Zhongwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd., which mentioned that at this stage, the company has stopped production of COVID-19 vaccine and the company has no sales of COVID-19 vaccine products at present, and the company decided to stop issuing performance pay for COVID-19 project for existing employees from January 2024.

Beijing Kexing Zhongwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. is a subsidiary of Kexing Holding Biotechnology Co., Ltd. At noon on January 10,The staff of the product consultation hotline of Kexing Holding Biotechnology Co., Ltd. confirmed that at present, the COVID-19 vaccine of Kexing of the company has been discontinued. If the product needs to be injected, it is necessary to ask the local CDC if it is in stock.As for the authenticity of the online transmission of "Stop Sending Performance Pay Scheme for COVID-19 Project", the other party said it was unclear, and she was only responsible for product consultation.

In fact, since 2023, a number of companies that have been developing COVID-19 vaccine have either announced a change of direction or stopped investing, or their financial data reflect the "sequela" of "slow sales" of COVID-19 vaccine.

On July 19th, 2023, COVID-19 Microorganism Tianci Factory, one of the three musketeers of domestic mRNA vaccine, suspended its trial operation because there was no demand for vaccine production in the near future. All this was only two and a half years after it obtained the clinical approval of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in January 2021. At that time, COVID-19 mRNA vaccine of Microorganism was the second domestic COVID-19 mRNA vaccine that entered the clinical stage.

For COVID-19 vaccine, Clover Bio, a Hong Kong-listed company, can be described as "putting all your eggs in one basket". In June, 2022, Clover Bio announced that it would give priority to the allocation of all resources to COVID-19 vaccine project, suspend the investment in the other three clinical pipelines, and reduce the investment in non-COVID-19 projects and new projects. In December 2022, COVID-19 vaccine SCB-2019(CpG 1018/ aluminum adjuvant), a recombinant protein of clover, was put into emergency use in China, and was officially launched for the first time in February 2023.

However, in the semi-annual report of 2023, Clover Bio said that due to the ever-changing and low overall demand for COVID-19 vaccine from China and countries around the world since 2023, the company predicted that COVID-19 vaccine sales in 2023 would not bring meaningful financial contribution. Its vaccine layout turned to respiratory diseases such as RSV and influenza.

In April 2023, the "low-cost operation notice" of Shangyao Kangxinuo was spread on the Internet. The content of the notice shows that it is decided to suspend the production line from April 4 for a period of 180 days. According to Red Star News at that time, the staff of Kangxinuo patient answering hotline introduced that the COVID-19 (vaccine) production line here was temporarily suspended, and there was no problem here at the headquarters. Now the demand for COVID-19 vaccine is not so great, so the production line of Shanghai Kangxinuo COVID-19 (vaccine) has been temporarily stopped, which will not affect other aspects.

Chang Rongshan: Inactivated vaccine is not recommended at present.

In February 2023, a research paper published by domestic researchers in the latest issue of China CDC Weekly stated that,"Although the protective efficacy of the third dose of Kexing inactivated vaccine can be improved to more than 70% within one month after homologous inoculation, its predictive efficacy will gradually decline to less than 50% after six months."

For COVID-19 infected people whose clinical endpoint is "COVID-19’s symptoms", the research results show that after 28 days and 6 months of intensive immunization, the protective effect of three doses of inactivated Kexing vaccine is only about 30% and 10%. Among them,The predicted protective effect of three doses of Kexing inactivated vaccine on Omicron BA.4/5 is even lower.

According to the interface news, virologist Chang Rongshan reminded that,Inactivated vaccine is not recommended at present.It pointed out that the antigenicity of the current epidemic strains has changed greatly, and the effect of inactivated vaccine will be much worse than that of other technological vaccines."It is best to play mRNA vaccine and recombinant protein vaccine."

According to JingJing. com, Xu Yue, an insider of a company that had previously researched and developed vaccines in COVID-19, said, "The research and development cost is one aspect, but the key is that you have developed it, and the virus has mutated, so the research and development speed can’t keep up at all. Vaccine iteration is too fast, and enterprises really can’t afford it, especially the cost of clinical trials. Before it is commercialized, the vaccine will be outdated first. "

Xu Yue told reporters that unlike the flu virus, which may go round and round, Covid-19 has been upgrading all the way, and the popular virus will not come again, and the old virus will not come. Therefore,Once the new COVID-19 vaccine appears, the old vaccine can be said to be "out of the historical stage".

A number of XBB vaccines were approved for use.

However, people’s willingness to vaccinate has obviously decreased.

According to Jingjing.com, on December 28th, 2023, the National Health and Wellness Commission held a press conference on the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases in winter. Peng Zhibin, director of the Department of Respiratory Infectious Diseases of the Infectious Diseases Management Office of China CDC, said that recently, the spread of JN.1 (the second-generation sub-branch of BA.2.86 mutant in Omicron, Covid-19) has risen rapidly abroad and has become the main epidemic strain.

"The mutant JN.1 belongs to Omicron. Recently, according to the existing evidence, the World Health Organization believes that JN.1 has strong transmission ability and immune escape ability, but there is no evidence to suggest that its pathogenicity is enhanced. Previous infection and vaccination with XBB (Omicron subtype variant strain) vaccine have a cross-effect of immune protection, and it is predicted that the public health risk brought by it is low. " Peng Zhibin said.

At present, many XBB vaccines have been approved for emergency use in China. In June, 2023, the recombinant trivalent Covid-19 (XBB+BA.5+Delta mutant) trimer protein vaccine (hereinafter referred to as WEEK XBB vaccine) was put into emergency use in a certain range. In December, companies such as Shenzhou Cell, Kangxinuo and Livzon Group also announced that COVID-19 vaccine was included in emergency use.

According to the interface news, a domestic vaccine industry practitioner said,At present, the proportion of people’s willingness to vaccinate COVID-19 vaccine has obviously decreased, and the official has not clarified the requirements for vaccination indicators.All this makes "promoting vaccination in COVID-19" less urgent than before, which reduces the motivation of CDC. He said, "For example, if a company has a product approved, as long as it is developed and produced, the company will definitely want to be recognized in the market, and there is no situation in which the company is not enthusiastic. But in fact, from the step of bidding access, many provinces and cities have no enthusiasm. "

Rong Shan, a virologist, also said that the public is not willing to vaccinate COVID-19 vaccine at present. If COVID-19 vaccine is purchased, but not many people come to vaccinate it, it will easily lead to a backlog. Unlike ordinary commodities, vaccines have strict requirements for transportation and storage, and they will be wasted if they are not used after expiration.

Original title: Kexing COVID-19 vaccine has been discontinued! Many companies have long since "got off the bus", inactivated vaccines have not been recommended, and many XBB vaccines have been approved.

Conrad Murray had tears in his eyes during the trial.


The day before Jackson’s death and the day after his death

Jackson’s photo, which was exposed at the trial, also said "murder" in English.

　　On September 27th, local time in Los Angeles, the case of Conrad Murray, Michael Jackson’s personal doctor, accused of manslaughter was heard again in the Los Angeles High Court. Jackson’s parents and family members appeared in court, and a large number of media and fans were waiting at the gate of the court.

　　During the trial, the prosecutor played a final recording of Jackson’s life, which was recorded by Murray. He talked about the concert he was going to hold at that time in a slow voice, and still wanted to build a children’s hospital with the proceeds of the performance. The vague tone of Jackson in the recording was accused by the prosecutor of being evidence of Murray’s "serious dereliction of duty". In addition, the prosecutor also carefully analyzed the pictures before Jackson’s death from every angle, including the pictures of the day before his death, the pictures at home on the day of his death, and the recordings and pictures before Jackson’s death exposed this time, which surprised and shocked the world.

　　Prosecutors believe that Jackson’s slow tone in this recording shows that he had taken an anesthetic at that time, which shows that Murray knew the powerful side effects of propofol, which is probably the cause of Jackson’s death. However, after Murray injected Jackson with anesthetic, he didn’t have suitable equipment to monitor the situation after taking the drug, and he didn’t tell other doctors about his medication to Jackson. Moreover, when he found that Jackson was not well, he called "911" 24 minutes later. The prosecutor said that this was Murray’s "serious dereliction of duty" and led to Jackson’s death.

　　After this recording was exposed on the Internet, many netizens even called it "shocking", indicating that it sounded "creepy". The chief prosecutor told the jury that what Murray, a private doctor, had done was tantamount to "medical abandonment". Prosecutors said that the relationship between Jackson and Murray was that of employers and employees, not that of patients and doctors. "Murray didn’t give Jackson the treatment he deserved. He abandoned Jackson."

　　In the evidence-giving stage, the first person to testify in court was Ortega, the director of Jackson’s concert "this is it". Ortega said that Dr. Murray had assured him of Jackson’s health. Ortega also said that Jackson told himself to spend more time on concerts and leave them to fans. He also hoped to take this opportunity to let everyone go to "heal the world" and take good care of the earth and people around him.　

A large number of fans gathered outside the court.

Conrad Murray wipes his tears

[field restore]

　　Conrad Murray claimed that Jackson stopped breathing at 11 am on June 25, 2009. However, according to the telephone records at the scene, it was not until 12: 21 that someone called 911. Jackson’s former bodyguard testified that on the day of Jackson’s death, Murray asked himself to call 911 after collecting the medicine. Medical staff and emergency room doctors testified that they thought Jackson died in his own bedroom before being taken to the hospital. Murray insisted on rescuing Jackson until he was sent to the hospital. The medical staff also said that Murray did not tell them that he had injected propofol into Jackson. At the same time, Murray’s cell phone records show that he spoke by phone before and after giving Jackson propofol and sedatives.

[Case Review]

　　On June 26, 2009, Jackson died, and the chief coroner of Los Angeles announced his cause of death in Houston court, saying that he was killed by injection of propofol, a powerful anesthetic, and it was a homicide.

　　On February 12, 2010, Jackson’s personal doctor Conrad Murray was arraigned by a local court in Los Angeles, but in the end, the judge found Murray not guilty of manslaughter, and Jackson’s family said they would appeal.

　　After a six-day pre-trial hearing on January 12, 2011, the judge of the Los Angeles High Court finally decided that Murray would be prosecuted again for manslaughter and revoked Murray’s medical license in the state, but Murray himself did not plead guilty.

　　On January 25th, 2011, Murray was formally charged with manslaughter.

　　On September 9, 2011, the jury selection for Jackson’s personal doctor’s manslaughter case began.　

More live pictures on the next page

　　Xinhua News Agency, Chengdu, March 20th Question: Have you found the answers to all the N kinds of legends about Sanxingdui?

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Wang Peng, Shi Yuxi and Tong Fang.

　　With the announcement of new archaeological discoveries in Sanxingdui site, people’s eyes once again focus on this magical land.

　　Since the discovery of No.1 and No.2 "sacrificial pits" in Sanxingdui site in 1986, people have never stopped discussing it. A large number of shocking and mysterious cultural relics unearthed in the "sacrificial pit" have aroused a lot of speculation in the world.

　　Have you found the answers to those legends about Sanxingdui?

　　Legend 1: Is Sanxingdui an alien civilization?

　　Sanxingdui bronze vertical mask (Xinhua News Agency)

　　Huge ears, bulging eyes, and a big mouth wide to the ears … … Some people who eat melons believe that Sanxingdui is an alien civilization, and the grotesque bronze masks, bronze statues, bronze sacred trees and other cultural relics of Sanxingdui are alien works.

　　Experts are firmly opposed to this statement! The ancient Shu civilization, represented by Sanxingdui, is an important part of the pluralistic origin of Chinese civilization. Among the cultural relics unearthed in Sanxingdui, bronze statues, bronze rings, jade Zhang, jade cong, jade bi and jade ge are consistent with the Yellow River basin, which shows that Sanxingdui has the common attributes of Chinese culture. The familiar cultural relics with strange shapes and magnificent atmosphere, such as bronze standing man, bronze sacred tree and bronze vertical mask, not only show the brilliance of ancient Shu civilization, but also show the richness and diversity of Chinese culture.

　　In other words, Sanxingdui civilization is "made in China" and has nothing to do with aliens.

　　Legend 2: Sanxingdui people "moved" to Jinsha?

　　The gold mask unearthed from Jinsha site (left) and the newly discovered gold mask in Sanxingdui (imposition picture)

　　The newly discovered gold mask of Sanxingdui "made a stunning appearance", and the sharp-eyed netizens saw at a glance: this is the same as the gold mask of Jinsha! Not only the gold mask, but also the ornamentation, jade Zhang, jade chisel, ivory &hellip on the golden crown belt of Jinsha and the golden staff of Sanxingdui; … There are many cultural relics in the two sites. So can we think that people from Sanxingdui "moved" to Jinsha?

　　Experts believe that this high similarity between Jinsha site and Sanxingdui site proves that they belong to the same cultural system, and there must be some special connection between the two sites. Combined with the archaeological findings in recent years, we can think that Jinsha culture is the inheritance and development of Sanxingdui culture, and both of them have become an important part of the development of ancient Shu civilization.

　　Legend 3: Sanxingdui Archaeological Excavated "Angry Birds" with the same pig?

　　"Angry Birds" with the same pig (Xinhua News Agency)

　　Just last July, Sichuan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology announced that an important site — — Joint site, unearthed a large number of cultural relics. Among them, a clay pottery pig is cute and cute, which is very similar to the villain green pig in Angry Birds. Netizens exclaimed: Is this the predecessor of Angry Birds?

　　In fact, experts believe that the joint site of this clay sculpture pottery pig unearthed should be an important settlement around the ruins of Sanxingdui ancient city. The joint site covers four cultural factors, namely, Guiyuan Bridge, Baodun Bridge, Sanxingdui Bridge and Twelve Bridges. It is the first time that a complete sequence of ancient Shu civilization has been found around Sanxingdui. Among them, the main cultural factors of Sanxingdui are the most abundant in the joint site, and a large number of cultural relics similar to Sanxingdui have been unearthed.

　　There are not only "villain green pigs", but also a large number of high-handled beans, hollowed-out beans (plates) and small flat-bottomed cans have been unearthed and restored at the joint site. It is worth mentioning that the pottery with the combination pattern of dragons and phoenixes carved on the yinxian line was unearthed in the late Shang Dynasty, and it is the earliest pottery with the pattern of "dragons and phoenixes are auspicious" found in China.

　　Legend 4: The "bronze giant" holds a "selfie stick" in his hand?

　　Sanxingdui "Bronze Man" (Xinhua News Agency)

　　Among the numerous bronze statues in Sanxingdui, the "bronze giant" is well known. Its overall image is solemn and solemn, and its hands are hollow. For a long time, people have been speculating whether he holds some kind of instrument in his hand. Even naughty netizens think that he is holding a "selfie stick" in his hand.

　　At present, there is no final conclusion on this issue in academic circles. Experts discussed that the "bronze standing man" may hold ivory, jade cong or scepter. The "Bronze Big Liren" wears a high crown, narrow sleeves and a half-arm-style three-layer dress, with complex and exquisite clothes, mainly dragon patterns, supplemented by bird patterns, insect patterns and eye patterns, and plaid stripes. It seems that his identity is an ancient Shu "high priest" with extraordinary skills.

　　There is no end to the exploration of Sanxingdui civilization.

　　Up to now, archaeologists have unearthed more than 500 important cultural relics in the six Sanxingdui cultural "sacrificial pits" newly discovered at Sanxingdui site.

　　I believe that in the future, through the detection and analysis of these cultural relics, more puzzles about Sanxingdui will be revealed. The true face of this ancient civilization, which has been buried deep underground for 3 thousand years, will become more and more clear.

　　We will wait and see … …

　　Whether the safe-haven value of gold still exists or not has become a hot topic of concern to many market investors. From a fundamental point of view, the price of gold must prove that the annual increase of 1.7% still exists, but the long-term fundamental supply and demand are being questioned and challenged.

　　Chimp Investor columnist Peter Elston mentioned that he considered what he could learn from the long-term price trend of gold, the so-called technicality. The final conclusion is that although the inflation-adjusted return of gold may still be poor in absolute value in the short term, it may still be better than that of stocks, bonds and cash, especially if the inflation rate remains high in the next few years.

　　He also suggested that in the past 50 years, the inflation-adjusted annual appreciation trend of gold price should remain unchanged at 1.7%, because the growth rate of global real wealth may continue to exceed this value. However, this is too simplistic and assumes that the fundamental reason for buying gold will not change much, which should be challenged.

　　This article focuses on the root cause of gold’s popularity, its supply dynamics, and its fundamentals, to see if they still prove that the above historical trend, the actual price increase of 1.7% per year still exists.

　　Gold is an iron-loving element, which means that it is heavy, easy to dissolve in iron, and doesn’t like to combine with oxygen. The oxide of gold is actually thermodynamically unstable. Therefore, its concentration is higher in the deep core and mantle than in the crust. Compared with the very low occurrence rate of the whole crust, the exploitable gold deposits are even rarer. In addition, the mineable deposits have now been exhausted, so that the annual output of gold has been flat since 2016. In the absence of major changes in mining technology and/or a drop in energy prices, this slowdown in annual output may continue.

　　The chemical inertness of gold makes it very suitable for jewelry, electronic products, dentistry, aerospace and value storage as gold bars and coins. The World Gold Council estimates that by the end of 2021, 205,238 tons of gold have been discovered/mined in the past 6,000 years, and the proven unexploited reserves total 53,000 tons, the latter figure is lower than 54,000 tons in 2019. It is also estimated that there are 15,000 tons of gold dissolved in the world’s oceans, equivalent to about 10 parts per trillion.

　　It is the inertia and rarity of gold that endows it with intrinsic value, that is, its practicality and practicality. Warren Buffett once wrote a famous saying that gold is dug out of the ground in Africa or somewhere, and then we melt it, dig a hole, bury it, and then pay people to stand around and guard it. It is not practical, and anyone who watches it from Mars will be puzzled.

　　But Elston doubts that Buffett will shine in the short term, but he will surely see that many people have done so for thousands of years and will almost certainly continue to do so. Besides, if he has a mobile phone or a tooth filling, he may benefit from the utility of gold to a greater extent than he is willing to mention.

　　As for the use breakdown of 205,238 tons of above-ground inventory, jewelry accounts for 46%, privately owned gold bars, coins and ETFs account for 22%, the central bank accounts for 17%, and other uses such as electronics, dentistry and aerospace account for 15%. It is estimated that as much as 80% of the newly mined or recycled gold is used for jewelry manufacturing.

　　Looking forward to the future of gold, it needs to be clear that Elston is not interested in the factors that may affect the short-term price performance of gold. They are essentially emotional-driven and unpredictable. In addition, compared with the long-term possible percentage change, the short-term performance is insignificant.

　　In other words, the really important factors are those related to basic supply and demand. They will determine the long-term performance of inflation-adjusted gold prices. For example, whether it will increase by 300% or decrease by 75% in the next decade. In his view, this is exactly what the market should pay attention to, not whether the nominal price of the US dollar will fall below $1,500 in the next few weeks.

　　As mentioned above, the annual gold production has been declining and has been flat since 2016. Environmental problems limit the potential of new discoveries. The progress of mining technology is related to the use of unmanned aerial vehicles, virtual reality, self-driving cars and blasting optimization. They didn’t, in fact, solve the basic law in a meaningful way, that is, the deeper you want to dig, the more energy you need.

　　Although 75% of the annual gold demand is met by mining gold supply, the shortage is made up by recycling, mainly jewelry. In the short term, the supply of recycled gold is sensitive to the price of gold. In addition, the dynamics behind the basic supply of recycled gold are unlikely to change significantly.

　　About 6000 years ago, the first known use of gold was as decorative beads. It is hard to see how this established popularity will fundamentally change. According to the data of the World Bank, since 1971, the real GDP of the world has increased by 3.1% every year, while the appreciation trend of the real gold price in the same period is 1.7% every year. Generally speaking, in the past 50 years, the world’s real GDP has increased by 360%, which is 130% higher than the real gold price. In other words, the rise of gold prices in the past 50 years has been supported, proved and explained by the growth of global wealth.

　　In recent years, the net purchase of gold by central banks has been quite stable, with an average of about 500 tons per year. The use of gold, whether as jewelry or as a means of value storage, is inseparable from its chemical characteristics. Therefore, it seems unlikely that central banks will lose interest in holding physical gold in their vaults in the near future or even the distant future. Net purchases may vary from quarter to quarter, sometimes very different, but the long-term trend seems to have been established.

　　The demand for private investment in gold is probably the most interesting of the four main sources. Its utility as a private value store is similar to that of the central bank, that is, it is related to its chemical properties. However, economies of scale make it expensive and/or risky for private individuals to store gold at home, so most people hold gold in paper form, that is, certificates and ETFs. Proponents of cryptocurrency have seized this obvious inefficiency, claiming that things like bitcoin should be regarded as digital gold, thus invalidating the current utility of gold as a private sector value store.

　　The use of gold as jewelry and storage of private and public values is inseparable from its chemical characteristics, in other words, the demand for gold bars goes hand in hand with the demand for jewelry. Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies don’t have such basic attributes, and they never will. A USB flash drive storing encrypted access codes is unlikely to be worn as jewelry. Unless, of course, they are made of gold.

　　Elston said that the most interesting reason for the demand for private investment is that in difficult economic times, gold may be sold to buy more necessities, thus putting downward pressure on prices. However, in the severe economic difficulties, due to high inflation, people lose confidence in legal paper money, and the demand for it as a means of value storage will increase.

　　He is not sure whether he wants to live in a world where gold has replaced paper money as the main currency, but this does not mean that economic difficulties will continue but increase gradually in the long run. For example, global temperature rise, war, famine and epidemic diseases will not lead to the appreciation of gold prices.

　　Describe the various ways of gold, namely, value storage, inflation hedging, safe haven and investment. As should be clear, value storage is something that actually keeps its value. Gold has always been a means of value storage, and its inflation-adjusted price has shown an upward trend in the past 50 years. However, if you bought gold in 1981, you are actually still underwater. In other words, the actual decline of gold may exist and has existed for a specific period of several decades.

　　The reputation of gold as an inflation hedge tool was established in 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, but the relationship has not been obvious since then. It is true that in naughty times, when inflation fell, the real price of gold rose by more than 400%. Therefore, Elston is not sure whether the argument that gold is an inflation hedging tool is valid, except in severe economic difficulties, such as the use of hyperinflation in Germany.

　　Is gold a safe haven, that is, defensive? In other words, when risky assets such as stocks and high-yield bonds perform poorly, does it perform well? Similarly, there is no real evidence that this is indeed the case. It has not performed well this year, which is a period of poor performance of risky assets.

　　Finally, Elston never considered physical gold as an investment. This is because physical gold is different from stocks, bonds or property, and the former does not actually generate income. It is more similar to cash, and the portfolio allocation of physical gold should be regarded as a cash substitute. He finally stressed that this does not mean that high cash distribution is appropriate, and gold should be more popular as cash than legal tender.

　　Throughout modern history, smallpox has held the top spot in killing human beings.

　　Smallpox is also the first infectious disease eliminated by human beings.

　　When future generations are exploring what killed smallpox, the trekking about how human beings overcome diseases step by step has merged into the long river of human medical history.

　　It is necessary for us to wade into this river at any time, go back to the way we came and find hope for the future.

　　The pockmarked emperor and the milkmaid

　　It is mentioned in Huangdi Neijing that "poison" should be used to treat diseases, and the so-called "fight poison with poison". Traditional Chinese medicine began to use this method to deal with smallpox, which existed during the Tang and Song Dynasties. Doctors take out the serous fluid from the abscess of smallpox patients and implant it into the body of healthy people for prevention and treatment, which is called human pox vaccination.

　　During the Wanli and Apocalypse years of Ming Dynasty, various books about human pox appeared. By the Qing dynasty, the method of preventing smallpox by human pox vaccination was widely promoted. Kangxi, the "pockmarked-faced emperor" who had suffered from smallpox, set up a pox clinic under the Tai Hospital and recruited famous doctors. Also in Beijing, a special "acne check chapter Beijing" is set up to take charge of the Eight Banners’ acne prevention. He specially sent people to welcome Ayla Zhang, a well-known folk vaccinia doctor, into the palace to vaccinate the royal family and banners.

　　Jared diamond, an evolutionary biologist and anthropologist, once revealed how the human body can defeat the virus: in the process of resisting a certain pathogen that infects the human body, the human body will gradually form specific antibodies, which makes it unlikely to be infected by the same pathogen again after recovery.

　　In the thousands of years of confrontation between human beings and smallpox, the latter has occupied an absolute advantage for a long time, and "pockmarked face" is so common that people without pockmarked face become special.

　　The 18th century was the age when smallpox ravaged Europe, and the British doctor edward Cenna (1749-1829) devoted himself to studying the solution. He noticed that almost all the female milkmaids had no "pockmarked faces". The beautiful milkmaid aroused Qinna’s curiosity, and he found one thing in common with them — — Cowpox of a milkmaid.

　　Vaccinia is a virus that can be co-infected by humans and animals, but it does no serious harm to cattle and people. There is a saying in the English countryside that "as long as you have suffered from vaccinia, you will not get smallpox".

　　Since 1788, Qinna began to carry out experiments on animals, using vaccinia of dairy women instead of smallpox patients to fight smallpox. For 8 years in a row, the experiment pointed to the same result, and vaccinia can effectively prevent smallpox.

　　On May 14th, 1796, Qinna conducted the first human experiment. He took the serous fluid Sarah Nelmes, a milkmaid, and inoculated it on the arm of phipps, an 8-year-old boy. Two months later, he inoculated phipps with real smallpox slurry. As a result, the boy was not infected with smallpox, and the previous vaccination seemed to have made him immune.

　　In the following two years, Qinna conducted the same human experiment many times, and the results were the same: all children who had had vaccinia were immune to smallpox virus. In 1798, Chennault announced that smallpox could be prevented by vaccination.

　　Vaccinium vaccination spread rapidly around the world. In 1977, Ethiopia recorded the last case of smallpox in human history. On October 26, 1979, WHO officially publicized that smallpox was eradicated all over the world.

　　This is the first time in human history to win the battle against infectious diseases.

　　Fatal bacteria and life-saving bacteria

　　Although the practical application of vaccinia technology is very successful, scientists are not satisfied. People need to explain theoretically why vaccinia can fight smallpox.

　　In the 1950s, chemist Louis Pasteur confirmed the relationship between diseases and germs, and found that specific microbial pathogens could cause specific diseases. Moreover, he found that the long-term growth toxicity of bacteria on artificial culture medium would be weakened, but the immunogenicity still existed.

　　According to this theory, in 1881, Pasteur artificially attenuated Bacillus anthracis with strong immunogenicity and inoculated it into sheep, which finally proved that sheep inoculated with Bacillus anthracis vaccine would not get the disease again.

　　Rabies virus can not be isolated and cultured like bacteria, but Pasteur confirmed that the pathogenic microorganism causing rabies exists in the spinal cord or brain tissue of sick animals. Therefore, he chose rabbit brain for subculture to obtain attenuated strains, and then successfully made live vaccines.

　　With the development of microbiology and immunology, vaccine is really defined as active immunity preparation for preventing infectious diseases, which is made of pathogenic microorganisms (such as bacteria, rickettsia, viruses, etc.) and their metabolites by artificial attenuation, inactivation or genetic engineering.

　　Based on this method, more vaccines can appear. Attenuated live vaccine made by heating inactivation of Vibrio cholerae; After 13 years and 213 generations of continuous culture on the culture medium, attenuated BCG was obtained.

　　With the development of the discipline, some traditional classical vaccine varieties have been further transformed into new vaccines, and some vaccines that cannot be developed with classical technology have found ways to solve the problem.

　　In 1972, recombinant genetic engineering contributed a lot of technical support and gave birth to recombinant gene vaccine. By using DNA recombinant biotechnology, natural or synthetic genetic material which can induce immune response in protein of pathogen shell can be directionally inserted into bacteria, yeast or mammalian cells, and the vaccine can be made after expression and purification. Nowadays, BCG, recombination vaccines, SARS vaccine, HIV vaccine and highly pathogenic avian influenza vaccine are being studied.

　　Conjugate vaccine appeared in 1980s. Scientists linked sugar molecules with protein (toxoid of Clostridium tetanus or diphtheria) by chemical methods, and developed a conjugate vaccine. Vaccines against pneumonia and meningitis are made in this way.

　　Looking at the present, the vaccine that has attracted much attention is none other than nucleic acid vaccine. Nucleic acid vaccine, also known as gene vaccine or DNA vaccine, transports DNA vaccine to human cells through some carrier (such as nanoparticles), which will guide the cells to produce immune active components, and then the cells will "spit out" these active components to stimulate the human body to obtain corresponding immunity, but it will not cause disease.

　　Nucleic acid vaccine can even transfect food cells, such as inserting hepatitis B virus nucleic acid vaccine into the genome of tomato cells, and inoculating the vaccine when eating tomatoes.

　　Scientific and technological progress brings infinite possibilities, and the new exploration of vaccination methods is also the tireless pursuit of scientists. In addition to traditional injection methods, oral administration, skin patch, nasal spray and improved fruit are all targets.

　　A never-ending struggle

　　With the development of immunology research, people have more and more expectations for vaccines, hoping that they will not only "prevent diseases". Researchers are already in action, trying to achieve the effect of treating diseases or preventing diseases from worsening by inducing specific immune responses. Such vaccine products are therapeutic vaccines.

　　There are many therapeutic vaccines that have been studied all over the world: tumor vaccines used for tumor treatment use tumor antigens for active immunization to stimulate the body’s active specific immune response to tumors to prevent the growth, spread and metastasis of tumors; Vaccines used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases aim at intervening the immune process to prevent the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis (AS). A Swiss biotechnology company said that CYT006-AngQb, a vaccine used to treat hypertension, has a good clinical development prospect … …

　　On the other hand, when human beings are struggling to move forward, the "perpetrators" of infectious diseases are not willing to be silent. Since 1970s, more than 40 infectious diseases have been discovered in the world, such as HIV virus, avian influenza virus, SARS virus, mad cow disease prion, monkeypox virus, Lyme virus, Ebola virus, Legionella, Vibrio cholerae O139 and so on. People’s common influenza viruses are constantly innovating. For example, after the "Spanish flu" caused by H1N1 virus, the "Asian flu" and the "Hong Kong flu" were staged by H3N2 subtype virus. Or a lower-grade flu, it is staged almost every few years in Europe, America and Asia. There are also new viruses that have never met each other, eyeing and hiding in the dark.

　　"The only competitor competing with humans for the dominance of the earth is the virus." The words of lederberg, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1958, sounded like an alarm bell. In the past two hundred years, the confrontation between human beings and germs was the fiercest. For the first time, we turned the tables, stood in a pre-emptive position, and seized the throat of the biggest killer of human beings. Compared with the end of the 19th century, the average life expectancy of human beings has been extended for several decades.

　　We have opened the "box" of vaccines. Overcoming the challenge of disease again and again makes us believe that disease creates problems and also provides understanding.

　　Huaxi Dushi Bao-cover journalist Li Yuanli

　　[References]

　　1. zhangfang, from human pox to cowpox [J], Science World, 06, 2018;

　　2. [America] jared diamond, Guns, Germs and Steel, Shanghai Translation Publishing House;

　　3. Huang Jiandong, the milestone of human conquest of smallpox — — Jenner’s Invention of Vaccinium Inoculation [J], Invention and Innovation, 2003, (9): 42-43;

　　4, Liu Xueli, China’s ancient immune thought and human pox vaccination [J], Medicine and Philosophy, 1993 (11);

　　5. Kou Yi, Brief Introduction of Three Vaccine Revolutions [J], Chinese Journal of Medical History;

　　6. Plotkin, Vaccine Science (5th Edition) (Fine), People’s Health Publishing House, 2011;

　　7. Xie Zhongping and Li Qihan, Fighting Infectious Diseases: Application and Development of Vaccines, 2007.

Special feature of 1905 film network Since it was released for four days on March 24th, the box office has reached 50 million yuan, which has been severely suppressed, with less than 10% of the films. It is definitely hopeless to reproduce the glory of hundreds of millions of box office of variety movies such as Run, Brothers.

However, this is definitely a good thing. In the past three years, it has been criticized by the industry for its inferior quality and squandering money. The audience’s rating hovers around 3, 4 and 5 points, but the box office is often hundreds of millions of variety movies. Finally, it is necessary to embark on the road of self-creation. Because a hammer sale can’t last long after all!

Why is the variety movie so unpopular, and where is its original sin? Let’s take a look at its three major criminal evidences that have been criticized:

Three major criminal evidences of variety movies

1, shoddy, low quality

The production cycle of variety movies is very short, usually no more than one week. Although the shooting cycle and the final quality of the film are not necessarily equal, especially for small-budget independent films. For example, the shooting cycle of Jin Jide’s films is generally less than one month, but these films have gone through a long period of preparation and planning in the early stage, and the scripts have been revised several times, and the shots are also carefully drawn, so every picture is already in the director’s mind.

"Happy Comedian" was only approved by the Film Bureau in August last year, and a press conference was held four months later to announce the final file. It took a total of six months from the early preparation to the late announcement. How can such a film have a high quality? Therefore, many scenes in the film are out of sync, and the lines should be adjusted in the later dubbing stage.

2. The plot is weak and the acting skills are poor

Most variety movies can’t talk about the plot, because TV variety shows are put on the big screen, and what’s more, even the quality of daily variety shows is not comparable. Without the plot, there is naturally no acting. Even Bo Huang, Sun Honglei, Huang Lei and other acting schools have no room for acting in variety movies, let alone other variety coffee.

There are some plots in The Happy Comedy, but there is no logic in the plot: Degang Guo inexplicably organized an outline team, a group of people inexplicably came to Macau, Degang Guo was inexplicably kidnapped, and others inexplicably found out that Degang Guo was not kidnapped but was invited to perform the program. In short, it is inexplicably creating contradictions and conflicts, and then inexplicably dissolving them.

In addition, due to the one-sided character setting in the script, a group of actors in "Happy Comedian" applied their performance mode on the sketch stage to the film: Yun-peng Yue was responsible for "playing cheap", Allen was responsible for "playing dumb", Zhang Xiaofei was responsible for "being a woman" and Pan Binlong was responsible for "being shameless". The big screen really can’t afford this kind of sketch acting!

3. Seize the schedule and disrupt the market.

The previous variety movies were shown in the Spring Festival and Lunar New Year, and they always wanted to squeeze into the best schedule of the year and tear a piece of meat from the teeth of various commercial blockbusters. Nowadays, in the decline of variety movies, "Happy Comedian" was squeezed out of the original Spring Festival file and came to a relatively deserted schedule in March. Although it was also squeezed by the Hollywood blockbuster "King Kong", if we look at other films of the same period, only 0.7% of the films won the Golden Horse Award, and the box office was only 2.54 million.

By contrast, it is not difficult to find that,Tolerance for variety movies is cruelty to other filmmakers who seriously make movies.! As Xiaogang Feng said: "The filming was completed in six days, and it also won a high box office, which will lead to no producer willing to continue to invest in a serious and hard-working film."

In the past three years, how did variety movies come into being and how did they turn from prosperity to decline? Let’s take a look back:

The Death History of Variety Movies

Variety movies are a product with China characteristics. Many variety shows in China are imported from Japan and South Korea, but there are no similar movies in Japan and South Korea. Even in the United States, where the film genre is the most developed, there is no variety film. In the final analysis, variety shows have been put on the big screen, which is closely related to the popularity of IP fever in recent years and the influx of hot money into the film and television circle.

The first initiator, of course, was the big movie "Where is Dad?" in the Spring Festival of 2014. This TV variety equivalent to an extended version was grandly packaged on the big screen, and it was easy to harvest nearly 700 million at the box office. Seeing that the money came so easily, the filmmakers certainly wouldn’t give up easily, so they launched a big movie the next year, but this time the box office plummeted to 223 million. The film is still relatively wise, leaving early and not continuing to launch "Where is Dad Going 3".

In the same period, Wang Yuelun, who participated in the first season of "Where’s Dad?", also wanted a piece of the action. He found other guests in the first season to make a film. Although the box office was only 116 million, it has already created a box office record for the director of this bad film, and earned enough money for him not to come out and poison the audience for several years.

Compared with movies, the production cost of variety movies is really much lower, and the popularity of variety shows can save a lot of publicity expenses, so other variety shows still can’t help but have the ambition to make money in the film circle. For example, "Run! The big movie "Brothers" has a box office of 435 million yuan, but the Douban score is only 3.4 points. The audience frequently reflects that it is not as good as the variety show on TV and feels cheated.

It is precisely because of the ugly eating of this variety movie that director Xiaogang Feng blasted the variety movie to disrupt the market order. A stone has stirred up a thousand waves, and all kinds of critical voices are endless, but it has not stopped the variety movies from advancing wave after wave. A year later, Dragon TV’s ace variety "Extreme Challenge" also released a big movie. The box office of the film has dropped to 126 million, and the Douban score is only 4.3 points. Although the movie version tried to add some plots, it was reflected by netizens that the game link imitated the Japanese drama fraud game.

There are others, all of which failed in reviews and box office. Not to mention, because of the dispute with Chris Lee, the release has been in the foreseeable future.

In today’s "Happy Comedian" movie, the film borrows the identities of several guests in the original variety show and fabricates a story of "Looking for Degang Guo", which is the same as most movies that Degang Guo once participated in.The script is full of loopholes, the performance is full of routines, the production is insincere, and the existence is meaningless, deceiving the audience’s feelings and wasting the audience’s life.. But no matter what the box office is, Degang Guo has nothing to lose, because although Deyun Society is the producer of the film, the film has been released with a guaranteed release, so Mr. Guo still laughs last.

From the release of "Where is Dad?" in early 2014, to Xiaogang Feng’s shooting at variety movies in early 2015, and to the dismal box office of "Happy Comedian" this year, this genre, which once attracted countless audiences and caused numerous filmmakers to criticize, is finally coming to an end.This is the choice of the audience, and it is also the outcome of people’s wishes. It also shows that China’s film market is becoming more and more standardized. Any act of deceiving the audience by IP and making money by movies will be rewarded by the market.

　　Convene a conference on the compilation of flora and fauna in China
　　　　China Fauna and Flora is a national basic scientific data, which comprehensively and systematically summarizes the species, distribution, systematic relationship and economic significance of China’s organisms, and provides basic data for the exploration and utilization of national biological resources and related construction, scientific research and teaching work. The national flora and fauna is one of the symbols reflecting the development level of a country’s biological science. Many countries in the world attach great importance to compiling national flora and fauna. In 1959 and 1963, China Academy of Sciences established the Editorial Committee of Flora of China and Fauna of China, and organized relevant biologists inside and outside the Academy to compile the Fauna and Flora of China.
　　With the approval of the State Council, the conference on the compilation of flora and fauna of China hosted by China Academy of Sciences was held in Guangzhou from February 29th to March 7th, 1973. Attending the meeting were 181 representatives from relevant scientific research units, universities, science and technology management departments, cultural, educational and health units in 26 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. This meeting discussed some principles of compiling flora and fauna, such as: compiling flora and fauna should be improved on the basis of popularization, and it should be strict and scientific, reflecting the level of China; We should not only ensure quality, but also strive for speed, so as not to affect quality because of greed and quickness, and also avoid delaying time because of unrealistic requirements for quality; In the deployment of work, it is necessary to prioritize, and concentrate as much as possible on the flora and fauna that are closely related to the economy, important in the scientific sense and rich in information, and prepare them first to ensure completion; Correctly handle the relationship between the compilation of China flora and fauna and local flora and fauna, and pay attention to giving full play to the enthusiasm of the central and local governments.
　　At the meeting, the editorial boards of Flora of China and Fauna of China were adjusted and enriched, and the editorial board of Spore Flora of China was established. These three editorial boards are led by the Institute of Botany, the Institute of Zoology and the Institute of Microbiology of China Academy of Sciences respectively. The meeting drew up the compilation plans (drafts) of Fauna of China, Flora of China and Flora of Spore of China. These drafts will be implemented as formal plans after obtaining the consent of relevant competent departments and units undertaking tasks.
　　Reprints of China Science and Science Bulletin
　　China Science and Science Bulletin, comprehensive natural science journals sponsored by China Academy of Sciences, were suspended for seven years after the Cultural Revolution. At the strong demand of the majority of scientific workers, it was reissued in February this year and publicly issued at home and abroad.
　　The editorial board appointed by the Academy of Sciences is responsible for editing the reissue of China Science, which is divided into Chinese and foreign languages. It publishes papers that study natural science theories and summarize production struggles and scientific experiments; Papers from different schools of natural science and articles on major scientific and technological achievements. On February 17th, the Academy of Sciences informed the Science Bulletin that there would be no editorial board, and the editorial board of China Science would be responsible for it. It publishes scientific and technological research achievements, academic trends and some critical articles. In the historical environment at that time, the two publications had to compile and distribute some political articles. The first issue of Science Bulletin was published in July.
　　By September this year, there were more than 30 kinds of journals and intermediate academic journals that stopped publishing in 1966.
　　Establishment of theoretical system of bulk fluidization in chemical metallurgy
　　The theoretical system of bulk fluidization in chemical metallurgy was put forward by Guo Musun, a researcher at the Institute of Chemical Metallurgy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in his article "Bulk Fluidization in Chemical Metallurgy". This paper was published in the third issue of China Science in 1973, and was read out at the first Iranian chemical engineering conference in May of that year.
　　Fluidization refers to the state that solid particles are suspended under the action of fluid, and the particle group at this time is similar to fluid. Generally speaking, fluidization can be divided into two categories: scattered fluidization and aggregated fluidization. The granular materials in the fluidized bed are evenly dispersed and smoothly fluidized, which is called loose fluidization. Usually, liquid-solid systems form bulk fluidization. Fluidization technology has been used in industry for decades and is a mature technology. However, due to the complexity of the movement law of particles and fluids, the complex factors of chemical reaction and reactor, and the fluidization technology itself involves many disciplines such as multiphase fluid mechanics, chemical reaction engineering, particle science and statistics, etc. Although scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of theoretical research work and accumulated a lot, there is no completely unified theory to describe it, and there is also a lack of methods for reactor scale-up and design, so the design scale-up of industrial fluidized reactors is still based on experience.
　　Guo Musun’s paper points out the characteristics of a completely uniform ideal fluidization system and explains some concise parameter relations in this ideal fluidization. This theory can be used as a useful tool to analyze many practical fluidization engineering problems, clarify the relationship and operation mechanism of various operating variables, explain some practical phenomena, and have enlightenment significance for the design method and development direction of fluidization technology. On the basis of summarizing predecessors’ work, Guo Musun grasped the characteristics of uniform and stable liquid-solid bulk fluidization, put forward the theory of bulk fluidization, and formed an independent and complete theoretical system, which was a breakthrough in the basic theoretical research of fluidization and applied it in practice. This research achievement won the second prize of the National Natural Science Award in 1982.
　　The science and technology group of the State Council Science and Education Group was merged into the Academy of Sciences.
　　On August 11th, the State Council Science and Education Group and China Academy of Sciences issued a joint notice to all localities and departments, and China Academy of Sciences was responsible for organizing the formulation of long-term scientific and technological plans and annual plans for civil use, the allocation of three scientific and technological expenses and corresponding materials, and the coordination and inspection of plans. On August 24th, the office meeting of China Academy of Sciences decided that the agency responsible for this work should be the Science and Technology Office of China Academy of Sciences.
　　After the merger of the State Science and Technology Commission and China Academy of Sciences on July 1, 1970, China Academy of Sciences set up the first business group (also known as business group 1) to take charge of the work of the former State Science and Technology Commission. After the National Conference on Education in July 1971, the State Council decided to set up a science and education group to take charge of the work of the former State Science and Technology Commission and the Ministry of Education. Li Siguang is the team leader, and Liu Xiyao and Chi Qun are the deputy team leaders. After Li Siguang’s death in 1971, Liu Xiyao took over as the leader of the State Council Science and Education Group.
　　In July and August, 1972, the Science and Education Group and the Academy of Sciences agreed that the national science and technology management work should be centralized by the Science and Education Group of the State Council, and the business personnel of the comprehensive plan and scientific experiment dynamic group of the first business group of the Academy of Sciences were transferred to the Science and Education Group to form a science and technology group. In May, 1973, the Science and Education Group asked Premier the State Council and Premier Zhou Enlai for instructions, and thought that the China Academy of Sciences, which is in charge of scientific and technological work in various departments and localities of the national economy, has great limitations, so it is difficult to do a good job and it is easy to attend to one thing and lose sight of another. It is suggested that the scientific and technological work in the production and construction of various departments and localities of the national economy should be planned and coordinated by the State Planning Commission. Medical and health science and technology work is still centralized by the Ministry of Health. The report also puts forward specific suggestions on the tasks and responsibilities of the State Council Science and Education Group in science and technology. The State Council did not reply to the report. However, after the establishment of the Science and Education Group, Premier Zhou Enlai repeatedly suggested that the Science and Education Group should not have more staff, and the scientific and technological work should rely on the China Academy of Sciences.
　　In August, 1973, the members of the Science and Technology Group of the State Council Science and Education Group withdrew to China Academy of Sciences, and continued to be responsible for the management of national science and technology work in the name of the Office of Science and Technology. This situation was maintained until the reconstruction of the State Science and Technology Commission.
　　Complete the determination of 1.8 angstrom pig insulin crystal structure.
　　In August, the Beijing insulin crystal structure research group, composed of the Institute of Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Biophysics and relevant personnel from Peking University, completed the determination of the crystal structure of 1.8 angstrom pig insulin.
　　The determination of insulin crystal structure began in June 1967. Insulin is a biological hormone, and it is the smallest protein. The biological activity of protein is not only related to its chemical structure (generally called primary structure), but also closely related to its spatial structure (generally called three-dimensional structure). The purpose of determining the crystal structure of insulin is to determine the relative position and relationship of each atom of insulin molecule in three-dimensional space, which can provide an important basis for further studying the mechanism of its biological activity and exploring the relationship between its structure and function. The work of the research group includes: the cultivation of insulin single crystal, the preparation of heavy atom derivatives, the collection and processing of X- ray diffraction data, the calculation of phase angle of structural factors, the analysis and interpretation of electron density diagram, the establishment of structural model and other steps. On the basis of measuring the resolution of 4 angstrom and 2.5 angstrom in September 1970 and January 1971, the measurement of the resolution of 1.8 angstrom was completed in August this year. The research on the determination of the crystal structure of porcine insulin won the second prize of the National Natural Science in 1982.
　　Like the synthetic yeast alanine transfer ribonucleic acid, the research on the determination of the crystal structure of porcine insulin was successful in the Cultural Revolution, thanks to the support of Vice Premier Nie Rongzhen.
　　The initial-boundary value difference method and the mathematical basis of flow calculation are put forward
　　Since 1960, the Computational Mathematics Laboratory has been undertaking the research on aerodynamic and aerothermal numerical methods of missiles and satellites, and has provided a large amount of data for the entrusting department. By the mid-1960s, Zhu Youlan and others put forward a set of systematic and high-precision calculation methods based on the theory of separation singularity and characteristics-the difference method for initial-boundary value problems and inviscid flow, and in 1973 gave the mathematical basis of the methods.
　　This method has high accuracy. At that time, because of the equipment embargo, it was impossible to import large-capacity and ultra-high-speed computers, and the aerodynamic force and flow field of aircraft could be well calculated by using the computer developed by China. Not only the shape of the blunt cone can be accurately calculated, but also the shape and flow field of the blunt cone-column-skirt combination can be accurately calculated. It has provided the results of flow field data for the first recoverable satellite in China, and contributed to the safe and accurate return of the satellite to the ground. Users praised this method for giving a set of numerical methods for initial-boundary value problems of hyperbolic equations, which achieved high accuracy and were more perfect, more careful and more unique than similar works abroad. In 1982, this achievement won the third prize of the National Natural Science Award.
　　Model 655 computer was successfully trial-produced.
　　In 1964, IBM Corporation of the United States announced the successful development of the IBM360 integrated circuit computer system, which opened the curtain of the third generation computer, and this trend attracted the attention of computer technology experts in China. The following year, East China Computing Institute began to develop 655 integrated circuit computers. The required integrated circuits are trial-produced by Shanghai Metallurgical Institute and relevant semiconductor factories in Shanghai. The machine was successfully trial-produced in 1973, with an operation speed of 1 million times per second and a memory capacity of 128,000 words. At that time, it was the fastest integrated circuit computer with the largest memory capacity in China.
　　This computer, together with Model 013 integrated circuit computer with a computing speed of 2 million times per second, which was developed in 1976, jointly undertook a large number of computing tasks in the development of atomic bombs, missiles and artificial satellites after the 109 C computer.

　　On the afternoon of April 10th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited Yazhouwan Seed Laboratory and Sanya Ocean Research Institute of China Ocean University successively in Sanya, Hainan Province, to learn about Hainan’s support for seed industry innovation and the development of marine science and technology.

　　Standing at a new historical starting point, "China’s economic and social development and improvement of people’s livelihood need scientific and technological solutions more than ever before, and it is even more necessary to enhance the first driving force of innovation."

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has visited the frontier of scientific and technological innovation for many times, and expounded the great strategic significance of scientific and technological innovation with vivid metaphors for many times.

　　"This ‘ Gold pole ’ I understand it as agricultural modernization. "

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader once told such a story. At that time, he was hungry and asked the people around him, what kind of life do you think is the best, and what are the specific goals? Try harder and think boldly about what is higher. "Their answer is — — I will carry a gold pole when I go up the mountain to work in the future! " "This ‘ Gold pole ’ I understand it as agricultural modernization. " The words of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary contain true feelings.

　　"To solve the problem of eating, the fundamental way out lies in technology." The "golden pole" bears the farmers’ "money bag" at one end and the people’s "rice bag" and "vegetable basket" at the other. Agricultural modernization is based on seeds. "A seed can change a world, and a technology can create a miracle." The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that we should make up our minds to develop the national seed industry, pay close attention to cultivating excellent varieties with independent intellectual property rights, and ensure national food security from the source. During this inspection in Hainan, the General Secretary made a special trip to Yazhouwan Seed Laboratory. Yazhouwan Seed Laboratory, established in May 2021, as a public scientific research platform built by Sanya Yazhouwan Science and Technology City, relies on and serves the national Nanfan Scientific and Research Breeding Base, and is guided by seed innovation and seed industry development, helping the high-quality innovation and development of seed industry in China.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out, "Only by combining scientific and technological achievements with national needs, people’s requirements and market demand and completing the triple jump from scientific research, experimental development and popularization and application can we truly realize innovation value and realize innovation-driven development."

　　At the symposium of scientists in September 2020, the general secretary pointed out that "accelerating scientific and technological innovation is the need to realize people’s high-quality life" and "in order to meet people’s yearning for a better life, more scientific and technological innovations involving people’s livelihood must be introduced". It is on this occasion that the general secretary put forward new requirements for the vast number of scientists and scientific and technological workers to "face people’s lives and health." During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China has made a number of major scientific and technological achievements in the field of people’s livelihood science and technology. Integrated whole-body positron emission/magnetic resonance imaging equipment, rice breeding accelerators in unmanned plant factories and other scientific and technological innovations for people’s lives and health have been continuously unveiled and applied to a better life.

　　"Scientific and technological innovation, like a lever to incite the earth, can always create unexpected miracles."

　　In June, 2014, at the 17th Academician Conference of China Academy of Sciences and the 12th Academician Conference of China Academy of Engineering, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Scientific and technological innovation, like a lever to shake the earth, can always create unexpected miracles. The development of contemporary science and technology fully proves this process. "

　　Scientific and technological innovation makes the deep sea no longer mysterious. In April, 2018, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited the Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering of China Academy of Sciences in Sanya, Hainan, to learn about China’s first 10,000-meter seabed exploration in the Mariana Trench, and went into the exhibition area of deep-sea exploration equipment with great interest to see all kinds of deep-sea diving high-tech equipment.

　　Technological innovation makes space no longer far away. Just last month, the second class of "Tiangong Classroom" was held in China Space Station, and the astronauts of Shenzhou XIII gave another wonderful space science class. During more than 170 days of space flight, three astronauts, with the support of ground technicians, carried out a number of scientific and technological experiments and application projects, setting many "firsts" and "firsts".

　　Scientific and technological innovation is the strategic support to improve social productivity and comprehensive national strength. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has made a major strategic choice of "innovation must be the first driving force for development" and implemented the innovation-driven development strategy.

　　"Life Gate", "Bull’s Nose", "Heaviest Weapon of the Country", "Fixed Sea Needle" and "Unique Weapon" … … Nowadays, China has started a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, and the position of scientific and technological innovation in the overall development of the party and the country is more prominent.

　　"Innovative achievements should benefit the whole world, and should not become treasures buried in caves."

　　In November 2019, when the Chairman of the Supreme Leader met with foreign representatives attending the 2019 Innovation Economic Forum, he pointed out that "no country can become an independent innovation center or enjoy innovation results exclusively. Innovations should benefit the whole world and should not be a treasure buried in a cave. "

　　Fungus and grass technology, which has been popularized in more than 100 countries around the world, is a dazzling treasure out of the cave. With the long-term concern of the Supreme Leader, the fungus-grass technology of "replacing wood with grass" has gone out of China from Fujian to the world, which has played an important role in promoting local development and people’s well-being, and has been widely welcomed by developing countries.

　　"China is willing to work with all parties concerned to continue to contribute China’s wisdom and China’s plan for the implementation of the UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, so as to make mushroom technology benefit the people of developing countries ‘ Happy grass ’ ！” In September last year, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader pointed out in his congratulatory letter to the 20th anniversary of foreign aid to fungi and grasses and the International Cooperation Forum for Sustainable Development.

　　The world today is experiencing a great change that has never happened in a hundred years, and the domestic and international environment facing China’s development has undergone profound and complex changes. In the face of fierce international competition and against the background of rising unilateralism and protectionism, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader is far-sighted: "Scientific and technological achievements should benefit all mankind, and should not be a means to restrict or contain the development of other countries."

　　China’s scientific and technological innovation, not alone, nor narcissistic. "Promoting sustainable development through scientific and technological innovation has become the only way to solve some important global issues of concern to all countries." "We have expanded open cooperation in the field of science and technology, actively participated in solving major challenges facing mankind, and worked hard to promote scientific and technological innovations to benefit more countries and people." … … China’s scientific and technological innovation has conveyed China’s wisdom and contributed to China’s plan, which is promoting mutual benefit and sharing, unity and cooperation among all countries, creating a bright future together, and making continuous progress towards building a community of human destiny.

　　Coordinator: Cui Shixin

　　Written by: Wu Shan

　　Planning: Du Shangze

　　Editor: Summer Xu

　　Image source: Xinhua News Agency (photo: Yan Yan, visual: Lai Xiangdong, Bi Xiaoyang)